View source for Linaria dalmatica

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Linaria dalmatica
|accepted_authority=(Linnaeus) Miller
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Gard. Dict. ed.
|place=8, Linaria no. 13. 1768
|year=1768
}}
|common_names=Dalmatian toadflax;linaire á feuilles larges
|special_status={{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=W
|label=Weedy
}}{{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=I
|label=Introduced
}}{{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=F
|label=Illustrated
}}
|basionyms={{Treatment/ID/Basionym
|name=Antirrhinum dalmaticum
|authority=Linnaeus
|rank=species
|publication_title=Sp. Pl.
|publication_place=2: 616. 1753
}}
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Linaria genistifolia subsp. dalmatica
|authority=(Linnaeus) Maire & Petitmengin
|rank=subspecies
}}
|hierarchy=Plantaginaceae;Linaria;Linaria dalmatica
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Plantaginaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Linaria]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Linaria dalmatica]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 17
|mention_page=page 26, 27, 28, 30
|treatment_page=page 29
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Perennials,</b> reproducing vegetatively by adventitious buds or stolons. <b>Fertile</b> stems erect, 49–150 cm; sterile stems to 15 cm. <b>Leaves</b> of fertile stems: blade ovate to lanceolate, flat, 10–65 × 3–31 mm, apex acute. <b>Racemes</b> 1–35-flowered, lax or dense; bracts ovate to lanceolate, 3–20 × 2–12 mm. <b>Pedicels</b> erect-patent to erect, 3–22 mm in flower, 4–32 mm in fruit. <b>Calyx</b> lobes ovate to linear-lanceolate, (1.9–)3–9.5 × (0.9–)1–3.5 mm in flower, 4–10(–13) × 1.5–5 mm in fruit, apex acute. <b>Corollas</b> pale to bright yellow, (27–)28–49 mm; tube 6–11 mm wide, spurs straight or curved, 11–30 mm, slightly shorter, subequal to, or longer than rest of corolla, abaxial lip sinus (1.8–)2–2.5 mm, adaxial lip sinus 2–3.5(–4) mm. <b>Styles</b> simple; stigma entire. <b>Capsules</b> subglobular, 4–7 × 4–7 mm, glabrous; loculi equal, rarely subequal. <b>Seeds</b> brown, brown-gray, or black, subtrigonous or ± tetrahedral, 1–2 × 0.8–1.6 mm, with longitudinal obtuse marginal ridges and anastomosed obtuse or truncate ridges on faces; wing absent.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=Europe;sw Asia;introduced also in s South America (Argentina);Australia.
|discussion=<p>Subspecies 2 (2 in the flora).</p><!--
--><p><i>Linaria dalmatica</i> was originally introduced into North America as an ornamental plant and is currently classified as a noxious weed in seven states in the United States and two Canadian provinces (https://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=LIDA).</p><!--
--><p>Subspecies of <i>Linaria dalmatica</i> can be difficult to recognize because characteristics partly overlap and intermediate specimens may be found.</p><!--
--><p><i>Linaria genistifolia</i> and <i>L. dalmatica</i> are closely related, and the latter is sometimes treated as a subspecies of <i>L. genistifolia</i> by several authors. Although further research is required in this species complex (including <i>L. grandiflora</i>, among others), the author recognizes <i>L. genistifolia</i> and <i>L. dalmatica</i> as independent species. Nevertheless, published references to <i>L. genistifolia</i> could in fact correspond to <i>L. dalmatica</i>. In order to obtain a conclusive identification for either species, it is necessary to study flowering specimens.</p>
|tables=
|references={{Treatment/Reference
|id=alex1962a
|text=Alex, J. F. 1962. The taxonomy, history, and distribution of Linaria dalmatica. Canad. J. Bot. 40: 295–307.
}}{{Treatment/Reference
|id=vujnovic1997a
|text=Vujnovic, K. and R. W. Wein. 1997. The biology of Canadian weeds. 106. Linaria dalmatica (L.) Mill. Canad. J. Pl. Sci. 77: 483–491.
}}
}}<!--

--><div class="treatment-key">
==Key==
<div class="treatment-key-group">
  
{| class="wikitable fna-keytable"
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Pedicels 4–10(–13) mm in fruit; corollas (27–)28–38(–42) mm; spurs 11–24 mm, shorter, subequal to, or longer than rest of corolla.
|[[Linaria dalmatica subsp. dalmatica|Linaria dalmatica subsp. dalmatica]]
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Pedicels (7–)12–32 mm in fruit; corollas 30–49 mm; spurs 18–30 mm, subequal to or longer than rest of corolla.
|[[Linaria dalmatica subsp. macedonica|Linaria dalmatica subsp. macedonica]]
|}
</div></div><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Linaria dalmatica
|authority=(Linnaeus) Miller
|rank=species
|parent rank=genus
|synonyms=Linaria genistifolia subsp. dalmatica
|basionyms=Antirrhinum dalmaticum
|family=Plantaginaceae
|distribution=Europe;sw Asia;introduced also in s South America (Argentina);Australia.
|introduced=true
|reference=alex1962a;vujnovic1997a
|publication title=Gard. Dict. ed.
|publication year=1768
|special status=Weedy;Introduced;Illustrated
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/f50eec43f223ca0e34566be0b046453a0960e173/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V17/V17_106.xml
|genus=Linaria
|species=Linaria dalmatica
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Linaria]]