Viola pedatifida

G. Don

Gen. Hist. 1: 320. 1831.

Common names: Prairie or crowfoot or larkspur violet violette pédatifide
Endemic
Synonyms: Viola delphiniifolia Nuttall V. palmata var. pedatifida (G. Don) Cronquist
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 6. Treatment on page 144. Mentioned on page 114, 125, 155, 159, 159.

Plants perennial, acaulescent, not stoloniferous, 5–30 cm; rhizome thick, fleshy. Leaves basal, 2–11, ascending to erect, 5–9-lobed; stipules linear-lanceolate, margins entire, apex acute; petiole 3–16 cm, pubescent; blade similar in width and shape, lobes lanceolate, spatulate, falcate, or linear, 1–7 × 2–8 cm, base truncate to reniform, margins entire, ciliate, apex acute to obtuse, mucronulate, surfaces pubescent, hairs sometimes concentrated on veins. Peduncles 5–18 cm, glabrous or pubescent. Flowers: sepals lanceolate to ovate, margins ciliate or eciliate, auricles 1–2 mm; petals light to soft reddish violet on both surfaces, lower 3 white basally, dark violet-veined, lateral 2 and lowest usually bearded, lowest 10–25 mm, spur same color as petals, gibbous, 2–3 mm; style head beardless; cleistogamous flowers on ascending to erect peduncles. Capsules ellipsoid, 10–15 mm, glabrous. Seeds beige, mottled to bronze, 1.5–2.5 mm. 2n = 54.


Phenology: Flowering Mar–Jun.
Habitat: Prairies, grasslands, disturbed ground, dry gravelly hills
Elevation: 500–1000 m

Distribution

V6 250-distribution-map.jpg

Alta., Man., Ont., Sask., Ariz., Ark., Colo., Ill., Ind., Iowa, Kans., Mich., Minn., Mo., Mont., Nebr., N.Mex., N.Dak., Ohio, Okla., S.Dak., Va., Wis., Wyo.

Discussion

Viola pedatifida was reported historically from, and recently rediscovered in, the Appalachian shale barrens of Virginia (T. Wieboldt, pers. comm.).

Viola pedatifida reportedly hybridizes with V. sororia (= V. ×bernardii Greene).

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.
... more about "Viola pedatifida"
R. John Little +  and Landon E. McKinney† +
G. Don +
Prairie or crowfoot or larkspur violet +  and violette pédatifide +
Alta. +, Man. +, Ont. +, Sask. +, Ariz. +, Ark. +, Colo. +, Ill. +, Ind. +, Iowa +, Kans. +, Mich. +, Minn. +, Mo. +, Mont. +, Nebr. +, N.Mex. +, N.Dak. +, Ohio +, Okla. +, S.Dak. +, Va. +, Wis. +  and Wyo. +
500–1000 m +
Prairies, grasslands, disturbed ground, dry gravelly hills +
Flowering Mar–Jun. +
Viola delphiniifolia +  and V. palmata var. pedatifida +
Viola pedatifida +
species +