familySolanaceae
genusSolanum
speciesSolanum triflorum

Solanum triflorum

Nuttall

Gen. N. Amer. Pl. 1: 128. 1818.

Lynn Bohs1, 1The author wishes to acknowledge co-authorship with David M. Spooner† on S. jamesii and S. stoloniferum and with Sandra Knapp and Tiina Särkinen on the black nightshade species.
Common names: Cutleaf nightshade morelle à trois fleurs
WeedyIllustrated
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 14.
Please click on the illustration for a higher resolution version.
Illustrator:

Copyright:

Herbs, annual, decumbent to prostrate, unarmed, to 0.4 m, fleshy, nearly glabrous to moderately pubescent, hairs unbranched, to 2 mm, eglan­dular, rarely glandular. Leaves petiolate; petiole 0.5–2.5 cm; blade simple, elliptic to oblong, 2–5 × 1–3 cm, margins shallowly lobed to deeply and regularly pinnatifid with 3–6 lobes per side, lobe margins entire or occasionally coarsely lobed, base cuneate and decurrent. Inflorescences extra-axillary, unbranched, umbel-like, 1–6-flowered, 1–3 cm. Pedicels spreading and 0.5–1.5 cm in flower, reflexed and 0.5–1.5 cm in fruit. Flowers radially symmetric; calyx accrescent and covering base of berry, unarmed, 2–4(–7) mm, moderately pubescent, lobes deltate, reflexed; corolla white or light purple with green or pur­plish central star, stellate, 0.5–1 cm diam., with sparse interpetalar tissue; stamens equal; anthers narrowly ellipsoidal, 2.5–4 mm, dehiscent by terminal pores that open into longitudinal slits; ovary glabrous. Berries shiny dark green to purplish black, globose, 0.8–2 cm diam., glabrous, with 13–30 sclerotic granules. Seeds yellow, plump, 2–3 × 2–2.5 mm, minutely pitted. 2n = 24.


Phenology: Flowering Apr–Sep.
Habitat: Disturbed areas, roadsides, stream banks, along railroad tracks, prairie dog towns.
Elevation: (0–)700–2900 m.

Distribution

Alta., B.C., Man., Sask., Ariz., Calif., Colo., Idaho, Iowa, Kans., Mass., Mich., Minn., Mo., Mont., Nebr., Nev., N.Mex., N.Dak., Okla., Oreg., S.Dak., Tex., Utah, Wash., Wyo., South America (Argentina), introduced in Europe, Africa, Australia.

Discussion

Solanum triflorum is found in South America (Argentina) and is also considered to be native to central and western North America. It is occasionally adventive in the eastern United States. It is poisonous to livestock and can become a serious weed in cultivated fields, especially in the Great Plains.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.
... more about "Solanum triflorum"
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Author
Lynn Bohs1 +  and 1The author wishes to acknowledge co-authorship with David M. Spooner† on S. jamesii and S. stoloniferum and with Sandra Knapp and Tiina Särkinen on the black nightshade species. +
Authority
Nuttall +
Common name
Cutleaf nightshade +  and morelle à trois fleurs +
Distribution
Alta. +, B.C. +, Man. +, Sask. +, Ariz. +, Calif. +, Colo. +, Idaho +, Iowa +, Kans. +, Mass. +, Mich. +, Minn. +, Mo. +, Mont. +, Nebr. +, Nev. +, N.Mex. +, N.Dak. +, Okla. +, Oreg. +, S.Dak. +, Tex. +, Utah +, Wash. +, Wyo. +, South America (Argentina) +, introduced in Europe +, Africa +  and Australia. +
Elevation
(0–)700–2900 m. +
Habitat
Disturbed areas, roadsides, stream banks, along railroad tracks, prairie dog towns. +
Illustration
Present +
Number of lower taxa
0 +
Phenology
Flowering Apr–Sep. +
Publication title
Gen. N. Amer. Pl. +
Publication year
1818 +
Reference
None +
Special status
Weedy +  and Illustrated +
Synonyms
Lycopersicon +
Taxon family
Solanaceae +
Taxon name
Solanum triflorum +
Taxon parent
Solanum +
Taxon rank
species +
Volume
Volume 14 +