Heliopsis helianthoides

(Linnaeus) Sweet

Hort. Brit., 487. 1826.

Common names: False sunflower oxeye smooth oxeye héliopside faux-hélianthe
IllustratedEndemic
Basionym: Buphthalmum helianthoides Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 2: 904. 1753
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 21. Treatment on page 68. Mentioned on page 158.

Perennials, (40–)80–150 cm. Aerial stems (from creeping rhizomes to 4 cm × 2–6 mm, rhizome internodes mostly 2–10 mm) 1–10+, stramineous to reddish brown, glabrous or hairy. Leaf blades ovate to deltate-lanceolate, 6–12(–15) × 2–6(–12) cm, margins regularly to irregularly and coarsely dentate, apices acute to acuminate, faces glabrous, sparsely pubescent, moderately to densely scabrellous, or scabrous. Heads 1–15+. Peduncles 9–25 cm. Involucres 12–25 mm diam. Phyllaries glabrescent to densely pubescent on margins, apices, and abaxial faces. Paleae lanceolate to oblong, apices obtuse, faces glabrous. Ray florets 10–18; corollas golden yellow, laminae mostly 2–4 cm × 6–13 mm. Disc florets 10–75+; corollas yellowish to brownish yellow (lobes brighter than tubes), 4–5 mm, glabrous. Cypselae 4–5 mm, glabrous or pubescent on angles, smooth; pappi 0 or of 2–4 minute, toothlike scales. 2n = 28 (variety unknown).

Distribution

V21-147-distribution-map.gif

Man., N.B., Nfld. and Labr. (Nfld.), Ont., Que., Sask., Ala., Ark., Colo., Conn., Del., Ga., Ill., Ind., Iowa, Kans., Ky., La., Maine, Mass., Md., Mich., Minn., Miss., Mo., N.C., N.Dak., N.H., N.J., N.Mex., N.Y., Nebr., Ohio, Okla., Pa., R.I., S.C., S.Dak., Tenn., Tex., Va., Vt., W.Va., Wis.

Discussion

Varieties 2 (2 in the flora).

As T. R. Fisher (1957) noted, intermediates occur between var. helianthoides and var. scabra, and artificial hybrids show only slightly decreased pollen stainabilities and normal meiotic pairing. Intermediates are especially common in Missouri, Illinois, and New England, and may also be encountered elsewhere in areas of sympatry. In addition to the key characters, var. helianthoides generally has longer petioles, has smaller heads on shorter peduncles, and occupies less-open habitats than var. scabra.

Selected References

None.

Key

1 Leaf blades ovate, 8–12(–15) × 4–8(–12) cm, abaxial faces glabrous or sparsely pubescent, adaxial faces glabrous or minutely scabrellous Heliopsis helianthoides var. helianthoides
1 Leaf blades deltate to narrowly ovate-lanceolate, 6–12 × 2–5 cm, faces moderately to densely scabrellous to scabrous Heliopsis helianthoides var. scabra
... more about "Heliopsis helianthoides"
Alan R. Smith +
(Linnaeus) Sweet +
Buphthalmum helianthoides +
False sunflower +, oxeye +, smooth oxeye +  and héliopside faux-hélianthe +
Man. +, N.B. +, Nfld. and Labr. (Nfld.) +, Ont. +, Que. +, Sask. +, Ala. +, Ark. +, Colo. +, Conn. +, Del. +, Ga. +, Ill. +, Ind. +, Iowa +, Kans. +, Ky. +, La. +, Maine +, Mass. +, Md. +, Mich. +, Minn. +, Miss. +, Mo. +, N.C. +, N.Dak. +, N.H. +, N.J. +, N.Mex. +, N.Y. +, Nebr. +, Ohio +, Okla. +, Pa. +, R.I. +, S.C. +, S.Dak. +, Tenn. +, Tex. +, Va. +, Vt. +, W.Va. +  and Wis. +
Hort. Brit., +
Illustrated +  and Endemic +
Undefined (tribe Undefined) subtribe Enceliinae +, Undefined (tribe Undefined) subtribe Engelmanniinae +, Undefined (tribe Undefined) subtribe Spilanthinae +, Undefined (tribe Undefined) subtribe Verbesininae +  and Undefined (tribe Undefined) subtribe Zinniinae +
Heliopsis helianthoides +
Heliopsis +
species +