Euphorbia commutata

Engelmann

in A. Gray, Manual ed. 2, 389. 1856.

Common names: Tinted woodland spurge
IllustratedEndemic
Synonyms: Galarhoeus austrinus (Small) Small G. commutatus (Engelmann) Small ex Rydberg Tithymalus commutatus (Engelmann) Klotzsch & Garcke
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 12. Treatment on page 300. Mentioned on page 297, 301, 303, 306, 308.

Herbs, usually biennial, occasionally annual, with taproot. Stems erect or ascending, decumbent and often branched near base, 10–40 cm, glabrous. Leaves: petiole usually 5–10 mm, 0–1 mm distally; blade usually oblanceolate to obovate, rarely ovate, 5–30 × 3–10 mm, base broadly attenuate, margins entire, apex usually obtuse to rounded, occasionally slightly retuse, surfaces glabrous; venation pinnate, midvein prominent. Cyathial arrangement: terminal pleiochasial branches (2–)3(–4), 1–3+ times 2-branched; pleiochasial bracts similar in shape and size to distal leaves; dichasial bracts distinct to basally subconnate, not imbricate, widely ovate, rhombic, or reniform, base cordate, rarely slightly perfoliate, margins entire, apex obtuse to rounded, mucronulate; axillary cymose branches 0–5. Cyathia: peduncle 0.5–1 mm. Involucre campanulate, 1.7–2.5 × 1.5–2.5 mm, glabrous; glands 4, crescent-shaped; 0.6–1 × 0.8–1.5 mm; horns divergent, 0.5–1.1 mm. Staminate flowers 9–15. Pistillate flowers: ovary glabrous; styles 0.9–1.3 mm, 2-fid. Capsules ovoid-globose, 2.5–3.2 × 3 mm, slightly lobed; cocci rounded to ± flattened, smooth, glabrous; columella 1.5–2 mm. Seeds white to gray, broadly oblong-elliptic to ovoid or nearly globose, 1.5–2 × 1.3–1.6 mm, strongly small-pitted; caruncle irregularly winglike, conic, 0.6–1 × 0.7–0.9 mm.


Phenology: Flowering and fruiting spring–summer.
Habitat: Bottomland and upland forests, bluffs and ledges, stream banks, glades, rarely fen margins.
Elevation: 50–1000 m.

Distribution

V12 361-distribution-map.jpg

Ont., Ala., Ark., Fla., Ga., Ill., Ind., Iowa, Ky., La., Md., Mich., Miss., Mo., N.C., Ohio, Okla., Pa., S.C., Tenn., Va., W.Va., Wis.

Discussion

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.
... more about "Euphorbia commutata"
Ricarda Riina +, Dmitry V. Geltman +, Jess A. Peirson +  and Paul E. Berry +
Engelmann +
Tinted woodland spurge +
Ont. +, Ala. +, Ark. +, Fla. +, Ga. +, Ill. +, Ind. +, Iowa +, Ky. +, La. +, Md. +, Mich. +, Miss. +, Mo. +, N.C. +, Ohio +, Okla. +, Pa. +, S.C. +, Tenn. +, Va. +, W.Va. +  and Wis. +
50–1000 m. +
Bottomland and upland forests, bluffs and ledges, stream banks, glades, rarely fen margins. +
Flowering and fruiting spring–summer. +
in A. Gray, Manual ed. +
Illustrated +  and Endemic +
Galarhoeus austrinus +, G. commutatus +  and Tithymalus commutatus +
Euphorbia commutata +
Euphorbia subg. Esula +
species +