View source for Zamia integrifolia

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Zamia integrifolia
|accepted_authority=Linnaeus f. in Aiton
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=in Aiton,Hort. Kew.
|place=3: 478. 1789
|year=1789
}}
|common_names=Coontie;Florida arrowroot;conti hateka (Seminole)
|basionyms=
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Zamia floridana
|authority=A. de Candolle
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Zamia silvicola
|authority=Small
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Zamia umbrosa
|authority=Small
}}
|hierarchy=Zamiaceae;Zamia;Zamia integrifolia
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Zamiaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Zamia]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Zamia integrifolia]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 2
|mention_page=
|treatment_page=
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Stem </b>subterranean, or leaf-bearing apex exposed. <b>Leaves</b> 2–10 dm; petiole unarmed; leaflets 6–17 cm × 2–18 mm, linear, often twisted, very stiff, dark glossy green, 7–23-veined; margins often revolute, entire or with small teeth to slight denticulations near apex. <b>Pollen</b> cones generally 2–5 per plant, narrowly cylindric, 5–16 cm, tapering slightly at apex. <b>Seed</b> cones cylindric-ellipsoid, 5–19 cm, blunt at apex; ovules 2 per sporophyll. <b>Seeds</b> drupelike, oblong to ovoid, somewhat angular, 1.5–2 cm, outer coat bright orange. <b>2n</b> = 16.</span><!--

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|habitat=Period of receptivity and maturation of seeds December–March. Hammocks, pine-oak woodlands, scrub, and shell mounds
|elevation=0–30 m
|distribution=Fla.;Ga.;West Indies.
|discussion=<p>Once common to locally abundant, <i>Zamia integrifolia</i> is becoming increasingly uncommon as its habitats are being destroyed. The species is now considered "endangered" in Florida.</p><!--
--><p>The choice of specific epithet to use for our species follows the conclusion reached by D. W. Stevenson (1987).</p><!--
--><p>Controversy has long existed over the classification of <i>Zamia</i> in Florida. Recent researchers, however, have concluded that only one species is present in the flora. The several binomials applied to our <i>Zamia</i> reflect variability in plant vigor, leaf shape, leaflet width, number of marginal teeth and veins per leaflet, and geographic distribution. Forms with wide leaflets---" <i>Zamia</i> umbrosa "—are restricted to coastal hammocks of northeastern Florida and southeastern Georgia and appear to be quite distinct from plants of the remainder of Florida--- <i>Z. integrifolia</i> and " Z. floridana." Especially robust forms have been described as " <i>Zamia</i> silvicola." Studies by D. B. Ward (n.d.) indicate that these features have a genetic basis, but formal recognition of these different phases as species does not lead to better understanding of the complex. The variants in Florida may have originated from introductions of divergent forms of <i>Zamia</i> from elsewhere. The starchy stems, after treatment to remove a poisonous principle, were a significant part of aboriginal diets, and the plants were presumably dispersed by aborigines.</p><!--
--><p><i>Zamia</i> angustifolia Jacquin, a species thought to be restricted to the Bahamas and eastern Cuba, was reported in southern Florida by J. K. Small (1933). No voucher specimens were cited or are known to exist. Small also reported <i>Zamia</i> pumila Linnaeus from Florida, although erroneously.</p>
|tables=
|references=
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-->{{#Taxon:
name=Zamia integrifolia
|author=
|authority=Linnaeus f. in Aiton
|rank=species
|parent rank=genus
|synonyms=Zamia floridana;Zamia silvicola;Zamia umbrosa
|basionyms=
|family=Zamiaceae
|habitat=Period of receptivity and maturation of seeds December–March. Hammocks, pine-oak woodlands, scrub, and shell mounds
|elevation=0–30 m
|distribution=Fla.;Ga.;West Indies.
|reference=None
|publication title=in Aiton,Hort. Kew.
|publication year=1789
|special status=
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/f6b125a955440c0872999024f038d74684f65921/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V2/V2_587.xml
|genus=Zamia
|species=Zamia integrifolia
}}<!--

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