relatively broad plates, cross, obliquely, or vertically striolate, or papillose, rarely smooth, sometimes with papillose prostomial plates, internal surface
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and branches terete. Bark thin, close or becoming furrowed or broken into plates; lenticels not conspicuous. Bark and wood tanniferous. Young twigs and buds
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or flat-topped with age. Bark of older stems variously furrowed and plated, plates and/or ridges layered or scaly. Branches usually in pseudowhorls; shoots
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smaller plants, outer spreading; bark usually checked into rough, exfoliating plates, when usually dark, but freshly exposed ± russet, sometimes deeply corrugated
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1890. Monographia Juncacearum. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 12: 1--495, 622--623, plates 1--3. Buchenau, F. 1906. Juncaceae. In: H. G. A. Engler, ed. 1900--1953
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Stegnogramma, Thelypteris subg. Thelypteris Schmidel Icon. Pl. ed. Keller, 3 45, plates 11, 13. 1763. Alan R. Smith Common names: Oct.) Female fern Etymology: Greek
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becoming finely and irregularly grooved, usually peeling in thin longitudinal plates. Leaves deciduous or drought-deciduous, cauline, alternate or opposite,
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dioecious in Juniperus). Bark fibrous and furrowed (smooth or exfoliating in plates in some Cupressus and Juniperus species). Lateral branches well developed
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Stevia salicifolia, Stevia serrata, Stevia viscida Cavanilles Icon. 4: 32, plates 354, 355. 1797. Guy L. Nesom Common names: Candyleaf Etymology: For Pedro
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tribulosa Schimper in P. Bruch and W. P. Schimper, Bryol. Europ. 5: 147, plates 477, 478. 1852. John R. Spence Etymology: Greek pseudes, false, and genus
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exterior layer of sometimes cell-like plates with thin or variously thickened walls, portions of the walls of the plates sometimes eroded away, prostome present
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furrowed or exfoliating with small platelike scales or long strips or broad plates. Twigs greenish, orangish, reddish, or rusty brown, or bronze, terete, slender
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Scleria verticillata P. J. Bergius Kongl. Vetensk. Acad. Handl. 26: 142, plates 4, 5. 1765. A. A. Reznicek, John E. Fairey III, Alan T. Whittemore Etymology:
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Zygodon reinwardtii, Zygodon viridissimus Hooker & Taylor Muscol. Brit., 70, plates 3 [upper left], 21 [upper left]. 1818. Dale H. Vitt Etymology: Greek zygon
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Aeonium haworthii Webb & Berthelot Hist. Nat. Îles Canaries 3(2,1): 184, plates 28–35. 1840 ,. Reid V. Moran Etymology: Dioscoridean name for A. arboreum
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Basionym: Limnobium Schimper P. Bruch and W. P. Schimper, Bryol. Europ. 6: 65, plates 574–578. 1853, Synonyms: Calliergon subg. Limnobium (Sullivant) Kindberg
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brown, or olive to reddish, tan, or orange, deeply furrowed, sometimes with plates (smooth when young in Ulmus glabra). Branches unarmed, slender to stout
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triangulata, Saussurea weberi de Candolle Ann. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. 16: 156, 196, plates 10–13. 1810. David J. Keil Common names: Saw-wort Etymology: For Nicolas
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tamariscinum Schimper in P. Bruch and W. P. Schimper, Bryol. Europ. 5: 157, plates 481 – 486. 1852. Howard A. Crum† Etymology: Genus Thuja and Latin -idium
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Aulacomnium turgidum Schwagrichen Sp. Musc. Frond. Suppl. 3(1,1,Aulacomnion): 1, plates 215, 216. 1827. Norton G. Miller† Etymology: Greek aulax, furrow, and mnion
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leading shoot erect. Bark gray to reddish brown, thin and scaly (with thin plates), sometimes with resin blisters (especially in Picea engelmannii and P.
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piliferum Schimper in P. Bruch and W. P. Schimper, Bryol. Europ. 5: 179, plates 494 – 506. 1851. Robert R. Ireland Jr. Etymology: Greek, plagios, oblique
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1-several, erect to prostrate. Bark smooth at first, exfoliating in thin plates, exposing conspicuous mosaic of chalky white to buff or greenish new bark
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paradoxus, Tetraplodon urceolatus Bruch & Schimper Bryol. Europ. 3: 211, plates 288 – 290. 1844. Paul C. Marino Etymology: Greek tetraplo - , fourfold,
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Neckera menziesii, Neckera pennata Hedwig Sp. Musc. Frond., 200, plate 46, figs. 10 – 15. , plates 47, 48. 1801. Inés Sastre-De Jesús Etymology: For Noel Martin
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Scleropodium touretii Schimper in P. Bruch and W. P. Schimper, Bryol. Europ. 6: 27, plates 556, 557. 1853. Michael S. Ignatov Etymology: Greek skleros, hard, and podion
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strictum Schimper in P. Bruch and W. P. Schimper, Bryol. Europ. 5: 105, plates 460–463. 1851. Paul L. Redfearn Jr. Etymology: Greek orthos, straight, and
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Hypnum subimponens, Hypnum vaucheri Hedwig Sp. Musc. Frond., 236, plate 59, figs. 8, 9. , plates 60–77. 1801. Wilfred B. Schofield† Etymology: Greek hypnos,
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thin, smooth, bearing resin blisters, in age furrowed and/or flaking in plates. Branches whorled, irregular internodal branches occasionally produced by
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Institution Plants high climbing, sparsely branched. Branches: bark exfoliating in plates; nodal diaphragms 3–4 mm thick; branchlets terete to slightly angled, tomentose
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procurrens Schimper in P. Bruch and W. P. Schimper, Bryol. Europ. 5: 151, plates 479, 480. 1852. Robert E. Magill Etymology: Greek heteros, differing, and
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rhizomelike vegetative structure, surfaces tessellate or with irregular scaly plates, roots absent. Stems erect, fleshy, glabrous. Leaves cauline, spiral, proximally
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pallescens, Dichelyma uncinatum Myrin Kongl. Vetensk. Acad. Handl. 1832: 273, plates 6, 7. 1833. Bruce Allen Etymology: Greek dicha, in two, and elyma, veil
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diplolepidous, double; exostome teeth 16, thin, not bordered or furrowed [outer plates thick, furrowed, cross striolate], papillose [spiculose throughout]; endostome
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Leskea obscura, Leskea polycarpa Hedwig Sp. Musc. Frond., 211, plates 49 – 58, plate 59, figs. 1 – 5. 1801. Paul L. Redfearn Jr. Etymology: For Nathanael
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scales, or bristles and scales, usually persistent on achene (see Plate 1. D, E, F; Plate 2. A). > 5 4 Flowers without perianth of hairs, bristles, or scales
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Bryum oblongum, Bryum veronense Hedwig Sp. Musc. Frond., 178, plate 42, figs. 8–12. , plates 43, 44. 1801. John R. Spence Etymology: Greek bryon, moss Treatment
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trunk bark older gray-ochre, usually fibrous, checked into longitudinal plates, freshly exposed bark not recorded; compound thorns on trunks (of larger
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their length, apex obtuse to acute; bark of larger branchlets exfoliating in plates; seed cones maturing in 2 years, of 2 distinct sizes. Juniperus scopulorum
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rhomboidea Fourreau ex Rydberg Monogr. N. Amer. Potentilleae, 190, plate 102, figs. 1–5. , plates 103–111. 1898. Barbara Ertter Common names: Wood beauty Etymology:
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m. Bark light to dark gray or gray-brown, smooth or split into ridges or plates. Twigs purplish brown, terete, stout, sparsely to densely covered with glands
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Brachythecium udum Schimper in P. Bruch and W. P. Schimper, Bryol. Europ. 6: 5, plates 535 – 555. 1853. Michael S. Ignatov Etymology: Greek brachys, short, and
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Stems: trunk bark buff to gray-brown, fibrous, checked into longitudinal plates, freshly exposed bark orange-brown; branches spreading; twigs ± straight
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Anomodon tristis, Anomodon viticulosus Hooker & Taylor Muscol. Brit., 79, plates 3 [near upper right], 33 [upper center left & right]. 1818. Íñigo Granzow-de
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multi-stemmed. Stems: trunk bark buff to darker, fibrous, checked into longitudinal plates, freshly exposed bark orange-brown; branches spreading; twigs ± straight
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occasionally decumbent and rooting at nodes, bark corky, forming rectangular plates 0.5–1 cm wide; branchlets green, maroon, or red, appressed-hairy; lenticels
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to dark gray, reddish, or brown, smooth, or in age broken into irregular plates; lenticels present or absent, conspicuous, enlarged or unexpanded. Winter
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(5–10 mm diam.) smooth, that of larger branchlets exfoliating in strips and plates. Branches spreading or ascending; branchlets erect, terete. Leaves green
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Amblystegium serpens Schimper in P. Bruch and W. P. Schimper, Bryol. Europ. 6: 45, plates 561–566, 568–573. 1853. Alain Vanderpoorten Etymology: Greek amblys, blunt
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vegetative structure attached to host root, surface divided into polygonal plates, roots absent. Stems erect, fleshy, glabrous. Leaves cauline, alternate;
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Homalothecium sericeum Schimper in P. Bruch and W. P. Schimper, Bryol. Europ. 5: 91, plates 456, 457. 1851. Michael S. Ignatov Etymology: Greek homalos, equal, even
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Stems: trunk bark buff to gray-brown, fibrous, checked into longitudinal plates, freshly exposed bark orange-brown; compound thorns on trunks and larger
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Pinus elliottii var. elliottii Engelmann Trans. Acad. Sci. St. Louis 4: 186, plates 1–3. 1880. Robert Kral Common names: Slash pine Endemic Basionym: Pinus
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Stems: trunk bark buff to gray-brown, fibrous, checked into longitudinal plates, freshly exposed bark orange-brown; branches spreading; twigs ± straight
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viridescens, Ferocactus wislizeni Britton & Rose Cact. 3: 123, figs. 128-153b, plates 12-16. 1922. Allan D. Zimmerman, Bruce D. Parfitt Common names: Barrel cactus biznaga
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Cnidoscolus stimulosus, Cnidoscolus texanus Pohl Pl. Bras. Icon. Descr. 1: 56, plates 49–52. 1827. Geoffrey A. Levin Common names: Bull-nettle mala mujer Etymology:
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(5–10 mm diam.) smooth, that of larger branchlets usually not exfoliating in plates. Branches pendulous to ascending; branchlets generally erect, sometimes
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Show Lower Taxa Daltonia splachnoides Hooker & Taylor Muscol. Brit., 80, plates 3 [near upper left], 22 [lower center left & right]. 1818. Patricia M. Eckel
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Kunth in A. von Humboldt et al., Nov. Gen. Sp. 5(fol.): 114; 5(qto.): 147; plates 446–449. 1822. William R. Anderson† Etymology: Greek byrsa, leather, alluding
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splendens Schimper in P. Bruch and W. P. Schimper, Bryol. Europ. 5: 169, plates 487 – 493. 1852. Joseph R. Rohrer Etymology: Greek hylokomos, forest inhabitant
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smilaxes of the United States. J. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. 60: 27–69, plates 9–39. Duncan, W. H. 1975. Woody Vines of the Southeastern United States
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genusPterigynandrum Show Lower Taxa Pterigynandrum filiforme Hedwig Sp. Musc. Frond., 80, plates 16, 17, 18, figs. 1–5. 1801. Dale H. Vitt Etymology: Greek pter- , winged
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clathrate (latticelike) appearance reminiscent of lead moldings between plates of stained glass. As construed here, Aspleniaceae comprise a single, huge
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corrugated or buff to gray-brown and fibrous, checked into longitudinal plates, freshly exposed bark orange-brown; branches spreading; twigs ± straight
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brachyphyllum 26 Bark smooth and metallic-silvery, exfoliating in thin, curled plates; styles 5 mm; seeds 1–1.6 mm; young stems, leaves, and sepals glaucous.
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m, single-stemmed; crown rounded. Bark brown, exfoliating in rectangular plates (rarely in thin strips in f. sperryi, but then branchlets flaccid), that
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serrulatum Schimper in P. Bruch and W. P. Schimper, Bryol. Europ. 5: 197, plates 507 – 516. 1852. Michael S. Ignatov Etymology: Greek rhynchos, nose, and
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Stems: trunk bark older buff, newly exposed orange, exfoliating in fibrous plates, freshly exposed bark orange-brown (not recorded for some species); branches
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reddish or orange-brown, smooth, older with gray or blackish rectangular plates; short shoots sometimes present; thorns present or absent; young branches
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Stems: trunk bark buff to gray-brown, fibrous, checked into longitudinal plates, freshly exposed bark orange-brown; branches spreading; twigs ± straight
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ser. Apricae 37 Stamens 10; trunk bark fibrous, checked into longitudinal plates or corrugated; e United States to Missouri. Crataegus ser. Intricatae 37
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Dimorphocarpa wislizeni Rollins Publ. Bussey Inst. Harvard Univ. 1979: 20, plates 3, 4. 1979. Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz Common names: Spectacle-pod Etymology: Latin
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Carnegiea gigantea Britton & Rose J. New York Bot. Gard. 9: 187, fig. 32, plates 48–52. 1908. Arthur C. Gibson Etymology: For Andrew Carnegie, 1835–1919
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genusDiphylleia Show Lower Taxa Diphylleia cymosa Michaux Fl. Bor.-Amer. 1: 203, plates 19, 20. 1803. Lisa O'Rourke George Etymology: Greek dis, twice, and phyllon
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trees, terrestrial, 30–70 dm, outer bark whitish, smooth, flaking in thin plates, inner bark light brown or coral, glabrous or puberulent. Stems erect, branched
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reddish brown, scaly, with deep furrows between flat, flaky, cinnamon-colored plates. Branches horizontal, occasionally drooping in lower crown of open-grown
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Plants high climbing, sparsely branched. Branches: bark exfoliating in plates; nodal diaphragms 1.5–3 mm thick; branchlets terete to slightly angled,
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high climbing, sparsely branched. Branches: bark exfoliating in shreds or plates; nodal diaphragms 3–5 mm thick; branchlets terete to slightly angled, pubescent
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Show Lower Taxa Flacourtia indica Commerson ex L’Héretier Stirp. Nov., 59, plates 30, 30 bis. 1786. Robert W. Kiger Etymology: For Étienne de Flacourt, 1607–1660
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Basionym: Agave treleasei Toumey Rep. (Annual) Missouri Bot. Gard. 12: 75, plates 32, 33. 1901 (as treleasii) Treatment appears in FNA Volume 26. Treatment
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composed of one interior and one exterior layer of intact, empty, cell-like plates; prostome present. Calyptra 1.5–1.9 mm. Spores finely papillose, 17–24 µm
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familyBurmanniaceae genusThismia speciesThismia americana N. Pfeiffer Bot. Gaz. 57: 123, plates 7–11. 1914. Deborah Q. Lewis IllustratedEndemicConservation concern Treatment
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couesii Engelmann ex Trelease Rep. (Annual) Missouri Bot. Gard. 22: 94, plates 94–97. 1911 Treatment appears in FNA Volume 26. Treatment on page 458. Mentioned
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Arctostaphylos mewukka subsp. truei Merriam Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 31: 101, plates 2, 3. 1918 ,. V. Thomas Parker, Michael C. Vasey, Jon E. Keeley Common names:
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speciesAgave gracilipes Trelease Rep. (Annual) Missouri Bot. Gard. 22: 95, plates 98, 99. 1912. James L. Reveal, Wendy C. Hodgson Common names: Slim-footed
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Basionym: Undefined sect. Comarella Rydberg Monogr. N. Amer. Potentilleae, 156, plates 96, 97, figs. 1–5. 1898 Treatment appears in FNA Volume 9. Treatment on
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Stems: trunk bark buff to pale gray-brown, fibrous, checked into longitudinal plates, freshly exposed bark orange-brown; branches spreading, ± straight toward
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or small trees, to 6-9 m. Bark light or medium gray, divided into rough plates. Twigs with distal edge of leaf scar notched, often shallowly so, glabrescent
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moderately high climbing, much branched. Branches: bark tardily exfoliating in plates; nodal diaphragms to 0.5(–1) mm thick; branchlets terete, whitish arachnoid
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speciesAgave havardiana Trelease Rep. (Annual) Missouri Bot. Gard. 22: 91, plates 84–86. 1912. James L. Reveal, Wendy C. Hodgson Common names: Havard agave
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gray or brownish, exfoliating, separating freely into long strips or broad plates, less commonly with small platelike scales. Twigs brown to reddish brown
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10-18 m; crowns open. Bark light brown to gray with shallow ridges and plates. Wood hard. Branches: young and old-growth branches with opposite, prominent
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Association Trees, 6-23 m. Bark light or medium gray, split into smooth or ± scaly plates. Twigs with distal edge of leaf scar shallowly to deeply notched, not bordered
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climbing, shrubby, much branched. Branches: bark tardily exfoliating in plates; nodal diaphragms to 1 mm thick; branchlets terete, usually glabrous, sometimes
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commonly vase-shaped. Bark light brown to gray, deeply fissured or split into plates. Wood soft. Branches pendulous, old-growth branches smooth, not winged;
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genusLarrea Show Lower Taxa Larrea tridentata Cavanilles Anales Hist. Nat. 2: 119, plates 18, 19. 1800. name conserved Duncan M. Porter Etymology: For Juan Antonio
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spreading; bark: older trunks gray, fissures dividing bark into rectangular plates; short shoots absent; unarmed; young branches tomentose, glabrescent; buds
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sprawling to low climbing, shrubby, much branched. Branches: bark exfoliating in plates; nodal diaphragms 1.5–3 mm thick; branchlets slightly angled when young
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m. Bark light to medium gray or brownish, divided into narrow checkered plates. Twigs with distal edge of leaf scar notched, glabrous or bordered by poorly
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pyramidal. Bark gray, smooth, darkening and breaking into shallow rectangular plates in age; lenticels inconspicuous. Winter buds stipitate, ellipsoid, 6–10
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