View source for Panicum philadelphicum

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Panicum philadelphicum
|accepted_authority=Bernh. ex Trin.
|publications=
|common_names=Philadelphia witchgrass
|basionyms=
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Panicum tuckermanii
|authority=unknown
}}
|hierarchy=Poaceae;Poaceae subfam. Panicoideae;Poaceae tribe Paniceae;Panicum;Panicum subg. Panicum;Panicum sect. Panicum;Panicum philadelphicum
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Poaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subfamily</small>[[Poaceae subfam. Panicoideae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>tribe</small>[[Poaceae tribe Paniceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Panicum]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subgenus</small>[[Panicum subg. Panicum]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>section</small>[[Panicum sect. Panicum]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Panicum philadelphicum]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 25
|mention_page=
|treatment_page=page 459
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Plants </b>annual; hirsute, hairs papillose-based, usually yellow-green to green, sometimes purplish. <b>Culms</b> 8-100 cm tall, about 1 mm thick, erect to decumbent, simple to profusely branched; nodes sparsely to densely pilose. <b>Leaves</b> often crowded basally; sheaths rounded, usually longer than the internodes, hispid, hairs papillose-based, to 5 mm; ligules 0.5-1.5 mm; blades 3-30 cm long, 2-12 mm wide, linear, ascending to erect, flat, hirsute to sparsely pilose, greenish or purplish, bases truncate to subcordate and ciliate on the margins, apices acute. <b>Panicles</b> 7-27 cm long, 4-24 cm wide, 1/4 - 1/3 as long as the plants, diffuse, usually exserted at anthesis, not breaking at the base of the peduncles to become a tumbleweed; rachises glabrous or sparsely pilose basally; primary branches spreading, secondary branches and pedicels confined to the distal 2/3 secondary branches diverging to appressed, with 1-4 spikelets; pedicels 3-15 mm, spreading to appressed, scabrous or hirsute; pulvini glabrous or pilose. <b>Spikelets</b> 1.4-2.4 mm long, 0.5-0.7 mm wide, usually green, glabrous. <b>Lower</b> glumes 0.5-0.9 mm, usually less than 1/2 as long as the spikelets, 3-4-veined, truncate to acuminate; upper glumes 1.6-2 mm, 7-veined, veins not prominent; lower lemmas 1.6-1.9 mm, 7-9-veined, veins not prominent; lower paleas absent; lower florets sterile; upper florets 1.5-1.7 mm long, about 0.4 mm wide, often dark brown, sometimes disarticulating, apices minutely papillose. <b>2n</b> = 18.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=Conn.;N.J.;N.Y.;Del.;D.C;Wis.;W.Va.;N.B.;N.S.;Ont.;Que.;Tex.;N.C.;S.C.;Ark.;Kans.;Okla.;Tenn.;Pa.;Va.;Mass.;Maine;N.H.;R.I.;Vt.;Ill.;Ga.;Ind.;Iowa;Md.;Ohio;Mo.;Minn.;Mich.;Ky.;Ala.
|discussion=<p>Panicum philadelphicum grows in open areas such as fallow fields, roadside ditches, receding shores, and rock crevices. It is restricted to the eastern part of the Flora region. It intergrades with P. capillare, possibly as a result of hybridization, especially in the southeastern United States. Seeds germinating on receding shores in late summer often produce tiny plants.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

--><div class="treatment-key">
==Key==
<div class="treatment-key-group">
  
{| class="wikitable fna-keytable"
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Spikelets less than 1/2 as wide as long; plants purplish
|[[Panicum philadelphicum subsp. lithophilum|Panicum philadelphicum subsp. lithophilum]]
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Spikelets usually more than 1/2 as wide as long; plants green or yellow-green.
|[[#key-0-2| > 2]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Spikelets 1.9-2.4 mm long; apices of the upper glumes and lower lemmas straight; secondary branches and pedicels divergent; blades often 6-12 mm wide, those of the flag leaves usually more than 1/2 as long as the panicles
|[[Panicum philadelphicum subsp. gattingeri|Panicum philadelphicum subsp. gattingeri]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Spikelets 1.4-2.1 mm long; apices of the upper glumes and lower lemmas curving over the upper florets at maturity; secondary panicle branches and pedicels appressed; blades usually 2-6 mm wide, those of the flag leaves usually less than M as long as the panicles
|[[Panicum philadelphicum subsp. philadelphicum|Panicum philadelphicum subsp. philadelphicum]]
|}
</div></div><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Panicum philadelphicum
|author=
|authority=Bernh. ex Trin.
|rank=species
|parent rank=section
|synonyms=Panicum tuckermanii
|basionyms=
|family=Poaceae
|distribution=Conn.;N.J.;N.Y.;Del.;D.C;Wis.;W.Va.;N.B.;N.S.;Ont.;Que.;Tex.;N.C.;S.C.;Ark.;Kans.;Okla.;Tenn.;Pa.;Va.;Mass.;Maine;N.H.;R.I.;Vt.;Ill.;Ga.;Ind.;Iowa;Md.;Ohio;Mo.;Minn.;Mich.;Ky.;Ala.
|reference=None
|publication title=
|publication year=
|special status=
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/9216fc802291cd3df363fd52122300479582ede7/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V25/V25_1233.xml
|subfamily=Poaceae subfam. Panicoideae
|tribe=Poaceae tribe Paniceae
|genus=Panicum
|subgenus=Panicum subg. Panicum
|section=Panicum sect. Panicum
|species=Panicum philadelphicum
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Panicum sect. Panicum]]