Difference between revisions of "Cyperus echinatus"
Class-book Bot. ed. s.n.(b), 734. 1861.
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|name=Cyperus ovularis | |name=Cyperus ovularis | ||
|authority=(Michaux) Torrey | |authority=(Michaux) Torrey | ||
| − | }}{{Treatment/ID/Synonym | + | }} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym |
|name=Cyperus ovularis var. americanus | |name=Cyperus ovularis var. americanus | ||
|authority=Boeckeler | |authority=Boeckeler | ||
| − | }}{{Treatment/ID/Synonym | + | }} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym |
|name=Cyperus ovularis var. sphaericus | |name=Cyperus ovularis var. sphaericus | ||
|authority=Boeckeler | |authority=Boeckeler | ||
| − | }}{{Treatment/ID/Synonym | + | }} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym |
|name=Cyperus ovularis var. wolfii | |name=Cyperus ovularis var. wolfii | ||
|authority=(Alph. Wood) Kükenthal | |authority=(Alph. Wood) Kükenthal | ||
| − | }}{{Treatment/ID/Synonym | + | }} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym |
|name=Cyperus wolfii | |name=Cyperus wolfii | ||
|authority=unknown | |authority=unknown | ||
| − | }}{{Treatment/ID/Synonym | + | }} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym |
|name=Kyllinga ovularis | |name=Kyllinga ovularis | ||
|authority=unknown | |authority=unknown | ||
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|name=Mariscus ovularis | |name=Mariscus ovularis | ||
|authority=unknown | |authority=unknown | ||
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|distribution=Ala.;Ark.;Del.;D.C.;Fla.;Ga.;Ill.;Ind.;Kans.;Ky.;La.;Md.;Miss.;Mo.;N.J.;N.Y.;N.C.;Ohio;Okla.;Pa.;R.I.;S.C.;Tenn.;Tex.;Va.;W.Va.;Wis.;West Indies. | |distribution=Ala.;Ark.;Del.;D.C.;Fla.;Ga.;Ill.;Ind.;Kans.;Ky.;La.;Md.;Miss.;Mo.;N.J.;N.Y.;N.C.;Ohio;Okla.;Pa.;R.I.;S.C.;Tenn.;Tex.;Va.;W.Va.;Wis.;West Indies. | ||
|discussion=<p>The records for Rhode Island and Wisconsin are according to M. L. Horvat (1941); we have not seen specimens from those states.</p><!-- | |discussion=<p>The records for Rhode Island and Wisconsin are according to M. L. Horvat (1941); we have not seen specimens from those states.</p><!-- | ||
| − | --><p>Cyperus echinatus is usually recognized by its tight, nearly spheric spikes; it may occasionally be hard to distinguish from C. croceus and C. retrorsus. Compared to C. retrorsus, C. echinatus has larger spikelets and longer floral scales, anthers, and achenes. In contrast to C. echinatus, C. croceus has looser spikes, shorter, broader, greenish or yellowish floral scales, shorter, more ovoid achenes, and shorter anthers. Furthermore, C. echinatus is predominantly an inland species of roadsides, pastures, and other disturbed ground; C. retrorsus is primarily a coastal species and occurs in drier, sandier sites.</p> | + | --><p><i>Cyperus echinatus</i> is usually recognized by its tight, nearly spheric spikes; it may occasionally be hard to distinguish from <i>C. croceus</i> and <i>C. retrorsus</i>. Compared to <i>C. retrorsus</i>, <i>C. echinatus</i> has larger spikelets and longer floral scales, anthers, and achenes. In contrast to <i>C. echinatus</i>, <i>C. croceus</i> has looser spikes, shorter, broader, greenish or yellowish floral scales, shorter, more ovoid achenes, and shorter anthers. Furthermore, <i>C. echinatus</i> is predominantly an inland species of roadsides, pastures, and other disturbed ground; <i>C. retrorsus</i> is primarily a coastal species and occurs in drier, sandier sites.</p> |
|tables= | |tables= | ||
|references= | |references= | ||
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|publication year=1861 | |publication year=1861 | ||
|special status= | |special status= | ||
| − | |source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/ | + | |source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/8f726806613d60c220dc4493de13607dd3150896/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V23/V23_312.xml |
|genus=Cyperus | |genus=Cyperus | ||
|subgenus=Cyperus subg. Cyperus | |subgenus=Cyperus subg. Cyperus | ||
Revision as of 17:07, 18 September 2019
Herbs, perennial, single-stemmed to loosely cespitose. Culms basally cormlike, trigonous, (15–)30–100 cm × 0.5–3.5 mm, glabrous. Leaves flat to V-shaped, 10–65 cm × 3–9 mm, adaxial surface, margins minutely scabridulous. Inflorescences: spikes densely globose to globose-ovoid, 8–17 mm wide; rays 3–12, 2–12 cm, scaberous adaxially especially distally; rachis 4–8 mm; bracts (3–)4–7, ascending at 30(–45)°, flat, 5–35 cm × 2–9 mm; rachilla persistent, wings 0.5–0.7 mm wide. Spikelets 50–100, oblong-lanceoloid, ± terete-quadrangular, (3.5–)4–7 × 1–1.4 mm; distal spikelet spreading or ascending; floral scales persistent, 3–5, appressed, stramineous to brownish, 4-ribbed laterally, oblong-elliptic, 3.5–4.5 × 1–1.8 mm, membranous, apex entire or emarginate with mucro to 0.3 mm. Flowers: anthers 0.4–0.8 mm; styles 0.5–0.6 mm; stigmas 1 mm. Achenes brown, ± stipitate, oblong, (1.5–)1.8–2.3 × 0.5–0.6(–0.7) mm (1/2 length of floral scales), apex obtuse, surfaces puncticulate.
Phenology: Fruiting summer–early fall.
Habitat: Disturbed, sunny sites, in mesic places, well-drained soils
Elevation: 0–500 m
Distribution
Ala., Ark., Del., D.C., Fla., Ga., Ill., Ind., Kans., Ky., La., Md., Miss., Mo., N.J., N.Y., N.C., Ohio, Okla., Pa., R.I., S.C., Tenn., Tex., Va., W.Va., Wis., West Indies.
Discussion
The records for Rhode Island and Wisconsin are according to M. L. Horvat (1941); we have not seen specimens from those states.
Cyperus echinatus is usually recognized by its tight, nearly spheric spikes; it may occasionally be hard to distinguish from C. croceus and C. retrorsus. Compared to C. retrorsus, C. echinatus has larger spikelets and longer floral scales, anthers, and achenes. In contrast to C. echinatus, C. croceus has looser spikes, shorter, broader, greenish or yellowish floral scales, shorter, more ovoid achenes, and shorter anthers. Furthermore, C. echinatus is predominantly an inland species of roadsides, pastures, and other disturbed ground; C. retrorsus is primarily a coastal species and occurs in drier, sandier sites.
Selected References
None.