Difference between revisions of "Alnus rubra"
Mém. Acad. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg, Sér. 6, Sci. Math. 2: 162. 1833.
Common names: Red alder Oregon alder
EndemicIllustrated
Synonyms: Alnus oregona Nuttall Alnus rubra var. pinnatisecta Starker
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 3.
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|common_names=Red alder;Oregon alder | |common_names=Red alder;Oregon alder | ||
|special_status={{Treatment/ID/Special_status | |special_status={{Treatment/ID/Special_status | ||
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|label=Endemic | |label=Endemic | ||
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|code=F | |code=F | ||
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|basionyms= | |basionyms= | ||
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|name=Alnus oregona | |name=Alnus oregona | ||
|authority=Nuttall | |authority=Nuttall | ||
| − | }}{{Treatment/ID/Synonym | + | |rank=species |
| + | }} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym | ||
|name=Alnus rubra var. pinnatisecta | |name=Alnus rubra var. pinnatisecta | ||
|authority=Starker | |authority=Starker | ||
| + | |rank=variety | ||
}} | }} | ||
|hierarchy=Betulaceae;Betulaceae subfam. Betuloideae;Alnus;Alnus rubra | |hierarchy=Betulaceae;Betulaceae subfam. Betuloideae;Alnus;Alnus rubra | ||
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| − | --><span class="statement" id="st- | + | --><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Trees,</b> to 28 m; trunks often several, crowns narrow or pyramidal. <b>Bark</b> gray, smooth, darkening and breaking into shallow rectangular plates in age; lenticels inconspicuous. <b>Winter</b> buds stipitate, ellipsoid, 6–10 mm, apex rounded, long; stalks 2–8 mm; scales 2–3, outer 2 equal and valvate, usually heavily resin-coated. <b>Leaf</b> blade ovate to elliptic, 6–16 × 3–11 cm, leathery, base broadly cuneate to rounded, margins strongly revolute, deeply doubly serrate or crenate, with distinctly larger secondary teeth, apex acute to obtuse; surfaces abaxially glabrous to sparsely pubescent. <b>Inflorescences</b> formed season before flowering and exposed during winter; staminate catkins in 1 or more clusters of 2–6, 3.5–14 cm; sistillate catkins in 1 or more clusters of 3–8. <b>Flowering</b> before new growth in spring. <b>Infructescences</b> ovoid to nearly globose, 1–3.5 × 0.6–1.5 cm; peduncles 1–10 mm. <b>Samaras</b> ovate or elliptic, wings much narrower than body, irregularly elliptic to obovate, leathery. <b>2n</b> = 28.</span><!-- |
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|elevation=0–300 m | |elevation=0–300 m | ||
|distribution=B.C.;Yukon;Alaska;Calif.;Idaho;Oreg.;Wash. | |distribution=B.C.;Yukon;Alaska;Calif.;Idaho;Oreg.;Wash. | ||
| − | |discussion=<p>Alnus rubra is the largest alder in North America north of Mexico; it often forms extensive stands along streams and on low-lying flood plains in the Pacific Northwest. The strongly revolute margins of its leaf blades make it easily distinguished from all of the other alders in the flora. It is an important commercial tree; the wood is used to make inexpensive furniture, small wooden items, and paper pulp.</p><!-- | + | |discussion=<p><i>Alnus rubra</i> is the largest alder in North America north of Mexico; it often forms extensive stands along streams and on low-lying flood plains in the Pacific Northwest. The strongly revolute margins of its leaf blades make it easily distinguished from all of the other alders in the flora. It is an important commercial tree; the wood is used to make inexpensive furniture, small wooden items, and paper pulp.</p><!-- |
| − | --><p>Native Americans used various parts of plants of Alnus rubra medicinally as a purgative, an emetic, for aching bones, headaches, coughs, biliousness, stomach problems, scrofula sores, tuberculosis, asthma, and eczema, and as a general panacea (D. E. Moerman 1986).</p> | + | --><p>Native Americans used various parts of plants of <i>Alnus rubra</i> medicinally as a purgative, an emetic, for aching bones, headaches, coughs, biliousness, stomach problems, scrofula sores, tuberculosis, asthma, and eczema, and as a general panacea (D. E. Moerman 1986).</p> |
|tables= | |tables= | ||
|references= | |references= | ||
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-->{{#Taxon: | -->{{#Taxon: | ||
name=Alnus rubra | name=Alnus rubra | ||
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|authority=Bongard | |authority=Bongard | ||
|rank=species | |rank=species | ||
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|publication title=Mém. Acad. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg, Sér. | |publication title=Mém. Acad. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg, Sér. | ||
|publication year=1833 | |publication year=1833 | ||
| − | |special status=Endemic; | + | |special status=W1;Endemic;Illustrated |
| − | |source xml=https:// | + | |source xml=https://bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation/src/2e0870ddd59836b60bcf96646a41e87ea5a5943a/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V3/V3_6.xml |
|subfamily=Betulaceae subfam. Betuloideae | |subfamily=Betulaceae subfam. Betuloideae | ||
|genus=Alnus | |genus=Alnus | ||
|species=Alnus rubra | |species=Alnus rubra | ||
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Latest revision as of 22:50, 5 November 2020
Trees, to 28 m; trunks often several, crowns narrow or pyramidal. Bark gray, smooth, darkening and breaking into shallow rectangular plates in age; lenticels inconspicuous. Winter buds stipitate, ellipsoid, 6–10 mm, apex rounded, long; stalks 2–8 mm; scales 2–3, outer 2 equal and valvate, usually heavily resin-coated. Leaf blade ovate to elliptic, 6–16 × 3–11 cm, leathery, base broadly cuneate to rounded, margins strongly revolute, deeply doubly serrate or crenate, with distinctly larger secondary teeth, apex acute to obtuse; surfaces abaxially glabrous to sparsely pubescent. Inflorescences formed season before flowering and exposed during winter; staminate catkins in 1 or more clusters of 2–6, 3.5–14 cm; sistillate catkins in 1 or more clusters of 3–8. Flowering before new growth in spring. Infructescences ovoid to nearly globose, 1–3.5 × 0.6–1.5 cm; peduncles 1–10 mm. Samaras ovate or elliptic, wings much narrower than body, irregularly elliptic to obovate, leathery. 2n = 28.
Phenology: Flowering early spring.
Habitat: Stream banks, moist flood plains, lake shores, wet slopes, and sandy, open coasts
Elevation: 0–300 m
Distribution
B.C., Yukon, Alaska, Calif., Idaho, Oreg., Wash.
Discussion
Alnus rubra is the largest alder in North America north of Mexico; it often forms extensive stands along streams and on low-lying flood plains in the Pacific Northwest. The strongly revolute margins of its leaf blades make it easily distinguished from all of the other alders in the flora. It is an important commercial tree; the wood is used to make inexpensive furniture, small wooden items, and paper pulp.
Native Americans used various parts of plants of Alnus rubra medicinally as a purgative, an emetic, for aching bones, headaches, coughs, biliousness, stomach problems, scrofula sores, tuberculosis, asthma, and eczema, and as a general panacea (D. E. Moerman 1986).
Selected References
None.
Lower Taxa
None.