Difference between revisions of "Alnus glutinosa"
Fruct. Sem. Pl. 2: 54. 1790.
Common names: Black alder European alder
Basionym: Betula alnus var. (a) glutinosa Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 2: 983. 1753
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 3.
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|common_names=Black alder;European alder | |common_names=Black alder;European alder | ||
|special_status={{Treatment/ID/Special_status | |special_status={{Treatment/ID/Special_status | ||
| − | |code= | + | |code=W1 |
| − | |label= | + | |label= |
}} | }} | ||
| − | |basionyms={{Treatment/ID/ | + | |basionyms={{Treatment/ID/Basionym |
| − | |name=Betula alnus var. (a) | + | |name=Betula alnus var. (a) glutinosa |
|authority=Linnaeus | |authority=Linnaeus | ||
| + | |rank=variety | ||
| + | |publication_title=Sp. Pl. | ||
| + | |publication_place=2: 983. 1753 | ||
}} | }} | ||
|synonyms= | |synonyms= | ||
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}}<!-- | }}<!-- | ||
| − | --><span class="statement" id="st- | + | --><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Trees,</b> to 20 m; trunks often several, crowns narrow. <b>Bark</b> dark brown, smooth, becoming darker and breaking into shallow fissures in age; lenticels pale, horizontal. <b>Winter</b> buds stipitate, ellipsoid to obovoid, 6–10 mm, apex obtuse; stalks 2–5 mm; scales 2–3, outer 2 equal, valvate, usually heavily resin-coated. <b>Leaf</b> blade obovate to nearly orbiculate, 3–9 × 3–8 cm, leathery, base obtuse to broadly cuneate, margins flat, coarsely and often irregularly doubly serrate to nearly dentate, major teeth acute to obtuse or rounded, apex often retuse or obcordate, or occasionally rounded; surfaces abaxially glabrous to sparsely pubescent, often more heavily on veins, both surfaces heavily resin-coated. <b>Inflorescences</b> formed season before flowering and exposed during winter; staminate catkins in 1 or more clusters of 2–5, 4–13 cm; pistillate catkins in 1 or more clusters of 2–5. <b>Flowering</b> before new growth in spring. <b>Infructescences</b> ovoid to nearly globose, 1.2–2.5 × 1–1.5 cm; peduncles 1–10(–20) mm. <b>Samaras</b> obovate, wings reduced to narrow, thickened ridges. <b>2n</b> = 28.</span><!-- |
-->{{Treatment/Body | -->{{Treatment/Body | ||
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|habitat=Stream banks, moist flood plains, damp depressions, borders of wetlands | |habitat=Stream banks, moist flood plains, damp depressions, borders of wetlands | ||
|elevation=0–200 m | |elevation=0–200 m | ||
| − | |distribution=Ont.;Conn.;Ill.;Ind.;Iowa;Mass.;Mich.;Minn.;N.J.;N.Y.;Ohio;Pa.;R.I.;Wis.;Europe | + | |distribution=Ont.;Conn.;Ill.;Ind.;Iowa;Mass.;Mich.;Minn.;N.J.;N.Y.;Ohio;Pa.;R.I.;Wis.;Europe. |
| − | |discussion=<p>Alnus glutinosa is cultivated as an ornamental tree throughout eastern North America and is available in a variety of cultivars, including cut-leafed and compact-branching forms. This species has also been used extensively to control erosion and improve the soil on recently cleared or unstable substrates, such as sand dunes and mine spoils. It has escaped and become widely naturalized throughout the temperate Northeast, occasionally becoming a weedy pest. In Europe the black alder has served for many centuries as an important source of hardwood for timbers and carved items, including wooden shoes.</p><!-- | + | |discussion=<p><i>Alnus glutinosa</i> is cultivated as an ornamental tree throughout eastern North America and is available in a variety of cultivars, including cut-leafed and compact-branching forms. This species has also been used extensively to control erosion and improve the soil on recently cleared or unstable substrates, such as sand dunes and mine spoils. It has escaped and become widely naturalized throughout the temperate Northeast, occasionally becoming a weedy pest. In Europe the black alder has served for many centuries as an important source of hardwood for timbers and carved items, including wooden shoes.</p><!-- |
| − | --><p>Alnus glutinosa has been called A. vulgaris Hill in some older literature; that name was not validly published.</p> | + | --><p><i>Alnus glutinosa</i> has been called <i>A. vulgaris</i> Hill in some older literature; that name was not validly published.</p> |
|tables= | |tables= | ||
|references= | |references= | ||
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-->{{#Taxon: | -->{{#Taxon: | ||
name=Alnus glutinosa | name=Alnus glutinosa | ||
| − | |||
|authority=(Linnaeus) Gaertner | |authority=(Linnaeus) Gaertner | ||
|rank=species | |rank=species | ||
|parent rank=genus | |parent rank=genus | ||
|synonyms= | |synonyms= | ||
| − | |basionyms=Betula alnus var. (a) | + | |basionyms=Betula alnus var. (a) glutinosa |
|family=Betulaceae | |family=Betulaceae | ||
|phenology=Flowering early spring. | |phenology=Flowering early spring. | ||
|habitat=Stream banks, moist flood plains, damp depressions, borders of wetlands | |habitat=Stream banks, moist flood plains, damp depressions, borders of wetlands | ||
|elevation=0–200 m | |elevation=0–200 m | ||
| − | |distribution=Ont.;Conn.;Ill.;Ind.;Iowa;Mass.;Mich.;Minn.;N.J.;N.Y.;Ohio;Pa.;R.I.;Wis.;Europe | + | |distribution=Ont.;Conn.;Ill.;Ind.;Iowa;Mass.;Mich.;Minn.;N.J.;N.Y.;Ohio;Pa.;R.I.;Wis.;Europe. |
|reference=None | |reference=None | ||
|publication title=Fruct. Sem. Pl. | |publication title=Fruct. Sem. Pl. | ||
|publication year=1790 | |publication year=1790 | ||
| − | |special status= | + | |special status=W1 |
| − | |source xml=https:// | + | |source xml=https://bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation/src/2e0870ddd59836b60bcf96646a41e87ea5a5943a/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V3/V3_733.xml |
|subfamily=Betulaceae subfam. Betuloideae | |subfamily=Betulaceae subfam. Betuloideae | ||
|genus=Alnus | |genus=Alnus | ||
|species=Alnus glutinosa | |species=Alnus glutinosa | ||
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}}<!-- | }}<!-- | ||
-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Alnus]] | -->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Alnus]] | ||
Latest revision as of 19:19, 7 December 2022
Trees, to 20 m; trunks often several, crowns narrow. Bark dark brown, smooth, becoming darker and breaking into shallow fissures in age; lenticels pale, horizontal. Winter buds stipitate, ellipsoid to obovoid, 6–10 mm, apex obtuse; stalks 2–5 mm; scales 2–3, outer 2 equal, valvate, usually heavily resin-coated. Leaf blade obovate to nearly orbiculate, 3–9 × 3–8 cm, leathery, base obtuse to broadly cuneate, margins flat, coarsely and often irregularly doubly serrate to nearly dentate, major teeth acute to obtuse or rounded, apex often retuse or obcordate, or occasionally rounded; surfaces abaxially glabrous to sparsely pubescent, often more heavily on veins, both surfaces heavily resin-coated. Inflorescences formed season before flowering and exposed during winter; staminate catkins in 1 or more clusters of 2–5, 4–13 cm; pistillate catkins in 1 or more clusters of 2–5. Flowering before new growth in spring. Infructescences ovoid to nearly globose, 1.2–2.5 × 1–1.5 cm; peduncles 1–10(–20) mm. Samaras obovate, wings reduced to narrow, thickened ridges. 2n = 28.
Phenology: Flowering early spring.
Habitat: Stream banks, moist flood plains, damp depressions, borders of wetlands
Elevation: 0–200 m
Distribution
Ont., Conn., Ill., Ind., Iowa, Mass., Mich., Minn., N.J., N.Y., Ohio, Pa., R.I., Wis., Europe.
Discussion
Alnus glutinosa is cultivated as an ornamental tree throughout eastern North America and is available in a variety of cultivars, including cut-leafed and compact-branching forms. This species has also been used extensively to control erosion and improve the soil on recently cleared or unstable substrates, such as sand dunes and mine spoils. It has escaped and become widely naturalized throughout the temperate Northeast, occasionally becoming a weedy pest. In Europe the black alder has served for many centuries as an important source of hardwood for timbers and carved items, including wooden shoes.
Alnus glutinosa has been called A. vulgaris Hill in some older literature; that name was not validly published.
Selected References
None.
Lower Taxa
None.