Difference between revisions of "Allium cepa"
Sp. Pl. 1: 301. 1753.
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|elevation=0–500 m | |elevation=0–500 m | ||
|distribution=Ark.;Calif.;Kans.;La.;Mont.;Oreg.;Tex.;Wash.;cultivated in Europe;Asia. | |distribution=Ark.;Calif.;Kans.;La.;Mont.;Oreg.;Tex.;Wash.;cultivated in Europe;Asia. | ||
| − | |discussion=<p>The onion of commerce, Allium cepa is widely cultivated as a biennial in North America, Europe, and Asia. It is unknown in the wild and is probably derived from A. oschanini of central Asia. The cultivated form is often polyploid (2n = 16, 32, 54) and possibly of hybrid origin. It exists in numerous cultivars, a few of which form large bulbils in the umbel.</p> | + | |discussion=<p>The onion of commerce, <i>Allium cepa</i> is widely cultivated as a biennial in North America, Europe, and Asia. It is unknown in the wild and is probably derived from A. oschanini of central Asia. The cultivated form is often polyploid (2n = 16, 32, 54) and possibly of hybrid origin. It exists in numerous cultivars, a few of which form large bulbils in the umbel.</p> |
|tables= | |tables= | ||
|references= | |references= | ||
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-->{{#Taxon: | -->{{#Taxon: | ||
name=Allium cepa | name=Allium cepa | ||
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|authority=Linnaeus | |authority=Linnaeus | ||
|rank=species | |rank=species | ||
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|publication year=1753 | |publication year=1753 | ||
|special status= | |special status= | ||
| − | |source xml=https:// | + | |source xml=https://bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation/src/2e0870ddd59836b60bcf96646a41e87ea5a5943a/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V26/V26_428.xml |
|genus=Allium | |genus=Allium | ||
|species=Allium cepa | |species=Allium cepa | ||
Latest revision as of 22:15, 5 November 2020
Bulbs 1–3, not rhizomatous, mostly depressed-globose, varying in size from cultivar to cultivar, 5–8 × 3–10 cm; outer coats enclosing 1 or more bulbs, yellowish brown, red, or white, membranous, without reticulation; inner coats white to pink, cells obscure to quadrate. Leaves persistent, 4–10, sheathing proximal 1/6–1/4 scape; blade fistulose, usually ± semicircular in cross section, 10–50 cm × 4–20 mm. Scape persistent, solitary, erect, fistulose, inflated below middle, 30–100 cm × 3–20 mm. Umbel persistent, erect, compact, to 500-flowered, globose, bulbils occasionally found; spathe bracts caducous, 2–3, 3–4-veined, ovate, ± equal, apex acute to acuminate. Flowers stellate to campanulate to urceolate, 3–7 mm; tepals erect to ± spreading, white to pink with greenish midveins, withering in fruit, margins entire, apex obtuse or acute, outer ovate, inner oblong; stamens exserted; anthers white; pollen white; ovary crestless; style linear, ± equaling stamens; stigma capitate, unlobed; pedicel 10–50 mm. Seed coat not known.
Phenology: Flowering Jun–Aug.
Habitat: Disturbed sites adjacent to areas where cultivated
Elevation: 0–500 m
Distribution
Ark., Calif., Kans., La., Mont., Oreg., Tex., Wash., cultivated in Europe, Asia.
Discussion
The onion of commerce, Allium cepa is widely cultivated as a biennial in North America, Europe, and Asia. It is unknown in the wild and is probably derived from A. oschanini of central Asia. The cultivated form is often polyploid (2n = 16, 32, 54) and possibly of hybrid origin. It exists in numerous cultivars, a few of which form large bulbils in the umbel.
Selected References
None.