View source for Acorus americanus

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Acorus americanus
|accepted_authority=(Rafinesque) Rafinesque
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=New Flora and Botany of North America
|place=1: 57. 1836
|year=1836
}}
|common_names=Sweet-flag;belle-angélique
|basionyms={{Treatment/ID/Basionym
|name=Acorus calamus var. americanus
|authority=Rafinesque
|publication_title=Med. Fl.
|publication_place=1: 25. 1828
}}
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Acorus calamus var. americanus
|authority=(Rafinesque) H. Wulff
}}
|hierarchy=Acoraceae;Acorus;Acorus americanus
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Acoraceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Acorus]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Acorus americanus]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 22
|mention_page=
|treatment_page=
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Leaves </b>basally white with pink or red, otherwise bright green; major veins 2–6, ± equally raised above leaf surface; cross section swollen in center, gradually tapering to ends. <b>Vegetative</b> leaves to 1.45 m; sheathing base (proximal part of leaf) 18.1–51.8(–58.8) cm; distal part of leaf 31.2–88.6(–100.4) × 0.3–1.2 cm, usually slightly longer to more than 2 times length of distal leaf, margins usually entire. <b>Sympodial</b> leaf (46–)56.8–148(–166.7) cm, usually equal to or slightly longer than vegetative leaves; sheathing base (20.9–)25.3–74.1(–100.2) cm; distal part of leaf (20.9–)27.9–77.9(–92.6) × 0.3–1.3 cm. <b>Spadix</b> 3.3–7.4(–8.7) cm × 4.7–10(–13.3) mm at anthesis; fruiting spadix 3.5–7.8(–8.8) cm × 6.9–18.2 mm. <b>Flowers</b> 2–3 mm; pollen grains usually deeply staining in aniline blue. <b>Fruits</b> obpyramidal, 4–6 mm. <b>Seeds</b> (1–)6(–14), tan, narrowly oblong to obovate, (2–)3–4 mm. <b>2n</b> = 24.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|phenology=Flowering late spring–mid summer.
|habitat=Wet open areas, marshes, swales, and along edges of quiet water
|elevation=0–900 m
|distribution=Alta.;B.C.;Man.;N.B.;Nfld. and Labr. (Nfld.);N.W.T.;N.S.;Ont.;P.E.I.;Que.;Sask.;Alaska;Conn.;D.C.;Idaho;Ill.;Ind.;Iowa;Maine;Mass.;Mich.;Minn.;Mont.;Nebr.;N.H.;N.J.;N.Y.;N.Dak.;Ohio;Pa.;R.I.;S.Dak.;Vt.;Va.;Wash.;Wis.
|discussion=<p><i>Acorus americanus</i>, a fertile diploid, occurs from northeastern United States across Canada and the northern plains. Specimens from central Siberia with similar leaf venation were examined, and the species is perhaps holarctic in distribution. Examination of additional material is necessary to determine if northern Asian diploid plants are conspecific with <i>A. americanus</i>. In North America, Native Americans probably played a significant role in the present-day distribution of <i>A. americanus</i> because sweet-flag rhizomes and plants were valued by many groups and were objects of trade. Disjunct populations occur in localities that are often near old Native American village sites or camping areas (M. R. Gilmore 1931).</p><!--
--><p><i>Acorus americanus</i> is susceptible to infection by Uromyces sparganii (Uredinales).</p>
|tables=
|references={{Treatment/Reference
|id=browne1992a
|text=Browne, E. T. Jr. and R. Athey. 1992. Vascular Plants of Kentucky: An Annotated Checklist. Lexington, Ky.
}}{{Treatment/Reference
|id=duvall1993b
|text=Duvall, M. R., G. H. Learn Jr., L. E. Eguiarte, and M. T. Clegg. 1993. Phylogenetic analysis of rbcL sequences identifies Acorus calamus as the primal extant monocotyledon. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 90: 4641--4644.
}}{{Treatment/Reference
|id=gilmore1931a
|text=Gilmore, M. R. 1931. Dispersal by Indians a factor in the extension of discontinuous distribution of certain species of native plants. Pap. Michigan Acad. Sci. 13: 89--94.
}}{{Treatment/Reference
|id=r1979a
|text=Röst, L. C. M. 1979. Biosystematic investigations with Acorus 4. Communication. A synthetic approach to the classification of the genus. Pl.anta Med. (Stuttgart) 37: 289--307.
}}{{Treatment/Reference
|id=ray1987a
|text=Ray, T. S. 1987. Leaf types in the Araceae. Amer. J. Bot. 74: 1359--1372.
}}{{Treatment/Reference
|id=wilson1960b
|text=Wilson, K. A. 1960. The genera of the Arales in the southeastern United States. J. Arnold Arbor. 41: 47--72.
}}
}}<!--

--><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Acorus americanus
|author=
|authority=(Rafinesque) Rafinesque
|rank=species
|parent rank=genus
|synonyms=Acorus calamus var. americanus
|basionyms=Acorus calamus var. americanus
|family=Acoraceae
|phenology=Flowering late spring–mid summer.
|habitat=Wet open areas, marshes, swales, and along edges of quiet water
|elevation=0–900 m
|distribution=Alta.;B.C.;Man.;N.B.;Nfld. and Labr. (Nfld.);N.W.T.;N.S.;Ont.;P.E.I.;Que.;Sask.;Alaska;Conn.;D.C.;Idaho;Ill.;Ind.;Iowa;Maine;Mass.;Mich.;Minn.;Mont.;Nebr.;N.H.;N.J.;N.Y.;N.Dak.;Ohio;Pa.;R.I.;S.Dak.;Vt.;Va.;Wash.;Wis.
|reference=browne1992a;duvall1993b;gilmore1931a;r1979a;ray1987a;wilson1960b
|publication title=New Flora and Botany of North America
|publication year=1836
|special status=
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/f6b125a955440c0872999024f038d74684f65921/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V22/V22_42.xml
|genus=Acorus
|species=Acorus americanus
}}<!--

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