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| − | --><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="stem growth form;axillary tuber some measurement;axillary tuber count"><b>Stems </b>twining to 8 m, axillary tubers absent.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="petiole some measurement"><b>Leaves:</b> petiole 3–18 mm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="blade shape;blade shape;blade shape;blade length;blade width;base position;inflorescence shape;inflorescence shape;inflorescence shape;apex shape;apex shape;apex shape">blade ovate to elliptic, 2–16 × 0.5–9 cm, base of larger leaves proximal to inflorescence acute to cuneate, apex acute to obtuse.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="inflorescences raceme atypical some measurement;inflorescences raceme some measurement;panicle architecture"><b>Inflorescences </b>racemes or in branched panicles of racemes, 3–35 (–70) cm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="bract count;bract position;pedicel shape;pedicel length;pedicel width">single bract subtending each pedicel oblong-oblanceolate, 1–2 × 0.2–0.5 mm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="bract arrangement;bract position;flower duration;flower shape;flower length;flower width;flower fusion">paired bracts subtending each flower deciduous, triangular, 0.6–1 × 0.5–0.8 mm, distinct.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="flower reproduction;flower reproduction"><b>Flowers </b>bisexual or functionally unisexual;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="sepal fusion;sepal shape;sepal architecture;sepal coloration;sepal arrangement or shape;sepal length;sepal width;apex shape">sepals basally adnate to petals, keeled, becoming winged in fruit, cream-white, elliptic, 1.7–2 × 1–1.3 mm, apex obtuse;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="petal fusion;petal coloration;petal arrangement or shape;petal length;petal width;apex shape;apex orientation">petals basally connate, cream-white, elliptic, 1.5–2.3 × 0.8–1.1 mm, apex obtuse, spreading at anthesis;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="stamen texture;plant reproduction;plant architecture">stamens of bisexual and functionally staminate plants fleshy;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="filament fusion;filament shape;filament some measurement">filaments basally connate and dilated, 2.5–3.8 mm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="anther some measurement">anthers 0.8–1 mm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="stamen size;stamen reproduction;plant architecture">stamens of functionally pistillate plants reduced and sterile;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="plant reproduction;plant architecture;plant some measurement">pistils in bisexual and functionally pistillate plants 0.4–0.6 mm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="style some measurement;style fusion;style length">styles 0.8–1.5 mm, basally connate 1/3–1/2 their length;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s15" data-properties="stigma shape;stigma shape;stigma shape">stigmas clavate to bifid;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s16" data-properties="pistil size;plant architecture">pistils of functionally staminate plants reduced;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s17" data-properties="pedicel some measurement">pedicel 1–3 mm.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s18" data-properties="utricle shape;utricle some measurement;style base duration;plant architecture"><b>Utricles </b>with style bases persistent, not [rarely] produced in functionally staminate plants, obovoid, 1–1.4 mm.</span><!-- | + | --><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Stems </b>twining to 8 m, axillary tubers absent. <b>Leaves</b>: petiole 3–18 mm; blade ovate to elliptic, 2–16 × 0.5–9 cm, base of larger leaves proximal to inflorescence acute to cuneate, apex acute to obtuse. <b>Inflorescences</b> racemes or in branched panicles of racemes, 3–35(–70) cm; single bract subtending each pedicel oblong-oblanceolate, 1–2 × 0.2–0.5 mm; paired bracts subtending each flower deciduous, triangular, 0.6–1 × 0.5–0.8 mm, distinct. <b>Flowers</b> bisexual or functionally unisexual; sepals basally adnate to petals, keeled, becoming winged in fruit, cream-white, elliptic, 1.7–2 × 1–1.3 mm, apex obtuse; petals basally connate, cream-white, elliptic, 1.5–2.3 × 0.8–1.1 mm, apex obtuse, spreading at anthesis; stamens of bisexual and functionally staminate plants fleshy; filaments basally connate and dilated, 2.5–3.8 mm; anthers 0.8–1 mm; stamens of functionally pistillate plants reduced and sterile; pistils in bisexual and functionally pistillate plants 0.4–0.6 mm; styles 0.8–1.5 mm, basally connate 1/3–1/2 their length; stigmas clavate to bifid; pistils of functionally staminate plants reduced; pedicel 1–3 mm. <b>Utricles</b> with style bases persistent, not [rarely] produced in functionally staminate plants, obovoid, 1–1.4 mm.</span><!-- |
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| | -->{{Treatment/Body | | -->{{Treatment/Body |
| | + | |phenology=Flowering late summer–fall. |
| | |habitat=Disturbed areas, fencerows, roadsides, thickets | | |habitat=Disturbed areas, fencerows, roadsides, thickets |
| | |elevation=0-500 m | | |elevation=0-500 m |
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| | |basionyms=Basella vesicaria | | |basionyms=Basella vesicaria |
| | |family=Basellaceae | | |family=Basellaceae |
| | + | |phenology=Flowering late summer–fall. |
| | |habitat=Disturbed areas, fencerows, roadsides, thickets | | |habitat=Disturbed areas, fencerows, roadsides, thickets |
| | |elevation=0-500 m | | |elevation=0-500 m |
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| | |publication year=1807 | | |publication year=1807 |
| | |special status= | | |special status= |
| − | |source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/287ef3db526bd807d435a3c7423ef2df1e951227/V4/V4_1031.xml | + | |source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/9216fc802291cd3df363fd52122300479582ede7/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V4/V4_1031.xml |
| | |genus=Anredera | | |genus=Anredera |
| | |species=Anredera vesicaria | | |species=Anredera vesicaria |
| − | |anther some measurement=0.8mm;1mm
| |
| − | |apex orientation=spreading
| |
| − | |apex shape=obtuse;obtuse;acute;obtuse
| |
| − | |axillary tuber count=absent
| |
| − | |axillary tuber some measurement=8
| |
| − | |base position=proximal
| |
| − | |blade length=2cm;16cm
| |
| − | |blade shape=ovate;elliptic
| |
| − | |blade width=0.5cm;9cm
| |
| − | |bract arrangement=paired
| |
| − | |bract count=single
| |
| − | |bract position=subtending;subtending
| |
| − | |filament fusion=connate
| |
| − | |filament shape=dilated
| |
| − | |filament some measurement=2.5mm;3.8mm
| |
| − | |flower duration=deciduous
| |
| − | |flower fusion=distinct
| |
| − | |flower length=0.6mm;1mm
| |
| − | |flower reproduction=unisexual;bisexual
| |
| − | |flower shape=triangular
| |
| − | |flower width=0.5mm;0.8mm
| |
| − | |inflorescence shape=acute;cuneate
| |
| − | |inflorescences raceme atypical some measurement=35cm;70cm
| |
| − | |inflorescences raceme some measurement=3cm;35cm
| |
| − | |panicle architecture=branched
| |
| − | |pedicel length=1mm;2mm
| |
| − | |pedicel shape=oblong-oblanceolate
| |
| − | |pedicel some measurement=1mm;3mm
| |
| − | |pedicel width=0.2mm;0.5mm
| |
| − | |petal arrangement or shape=elliptic
| |
| − | |petal coloration=cream-white
| |
| − | |petal fusion=connate
| |
| − | |petal length=1.5mm;2.3mm
| |
| − | |petal width=0.8mm;1.1mm
| |
| − | |petiole some measurement=3mm;18mm
| |
| − | |pistil size=reduced
| |
| − | |plant architecture=staminate;staminate;pistillate;pistillate;staminate
| |
| − | |plant reproduction=bisexual;bisexual
| |
| − | |plant some measurement=0.4mm;0.6mm
| |
| − | |sepal architecture=winged
| |
| − | |sepal arrangement or shape=elliptic
| |
| − | |sepal coloration=cream-white
| |
| − | |sepal fusion=adnate
| |
| − | |sepal length=1.7mm;2mm
| |
| − | |sepal shape=keeled
| |
| − | |sepal width=1mm;1.3mm
| |
| − | |stamen reproduction=sterile
| |
| − | |stamen size=reduced
| |
| − | |stamen texture=fleshy
| |
| − | |stem growth form=twining
| |
| − | |stigma shape=clavate;bifid
| |
| − | |style base duration=persistent
| |
| − | |style fusion=connate
| |
| − | |style length=1/3;1/2
| |
| − | |style some measurement=0.8mm;1.5mm
| |
| − | |utricle shape=not obovoid
| |
| − | |utricle some measurement=1mm;1.4mm
| |
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| | -->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Anredera]] | | -->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Anredera]] |
Stems twining to 8 m, axillary tubers absent. Leaves: petiole 3–18 mm; blade ovate to elliptic, 2–16 × 0.5–9 cm, base of larger leaves proximal to inflorescence acute to cuneate, apex acute to obtuse. Inflorescences racemes or in branched panicles of racemes, 3–35(–70) cm; single bract subtending each pedicel oblong-oblanceolate, 1–2 × 0.2–0.5 mm; paired bracts subtending each flower deciduous, triangular, 0.6–1 × 0.5–0.8 mm, distinct. Flowers bisexual or functionally unisexual; sepals basally adnate to petals, keeled, becoming winged in fruit, cream-white, elliptic, 1.7–2 × 1–1.3 mm, apex obtuse; petals basally connate, cream-white, elliptic, 1.5–2.3 × 0.8–1.1 mm, apex obtuse, spreading at anthesis; stamens of bisexual and functionally staminate plants fleshy; filaments basally connate and dilated, 2.5–3.8 mm; anthers 0.8–1 mm; stamens of functionally pistillate plants reduced and sterile; pistils in bisexual and functionally pistillate plants 0.4–0.6 mm; styles 0.8–1.5 mm, basally connate 1/3–1/2 their length; stigmas clavate to bifid; pistils of functionally staminate plants reduced; pedicel 1–3 mm. Utricles with style bases persistent, not [rarely] produced in functionally staminate plants, obovoid, 1–1.4 mm.
Phenology: Flowering late summer–fall.
Habitat: Disturbed areas, fencerows, roadsides, thickets
Elevation: 0-500 m
Distribution
Fla., Tex., Mexico, West Indies, Central America, South America, Eurasia, Africa, Pacific Islands, Australia.
Discussion
Anredera vesicaria as treated here has two morphologically distinct forms, which C. R. Sperling (1987) considered as functionally staminate and functionally pistillate forms of the same species. Functionally pistillate plants (traditional A. vesicaria) apparently do not produce pollen, yet produce fruit. Functionally staminate plants (traditional A. (Boussingaultia) leptostachys) produce pollen, but rarely produce fruit. Both forms produce tubers at the base of the stem and below ground, and it is the apparent means of reproduction of the staminate plants. Further biosystematic and molecular study of these organisms is warranted to determine whether this treatment is valid.
Anredera vesicaria is cultivated for its showy inflorescences and fragrant flowers (C. R. Sperling 1987).
Selected References
None.
