Difference between revisions of "Themeda quadrivalvis"
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Revision as of 18:05, 30 April 2021
Plants annual. Culms to 2 m, glabrous. Sheaths glabrous, flattened at the base; ligules 1-2.5 mm; blades to 60 cm long, 1-6 mm wide, usually folded. False panicles to 130 cm; sheaths subtending the rame clusters 17-50 mm, distal sheaths shorter and more strongly keeled, margins tuberculate; rames 1-3 per cluster, 8-10 mm, with 1-2 heterogamous spikelet pairs. Homogamous spikelets 4-7 mm; lower glumes many-veined, hairy distally, hairs papillose-based; upper glumes subequal to the lower glumes, 3-veined. Sessile heterogamous spikelets 4-6 mm; calluses 0.5-3 mm; lower glumes glabrous or sparsely hirsute; upper glumes 4.5-5.5 mm; awns 4-5 cm; pedicellate spikelets 4.5-5.5 mm, sterile. 2n = 18.
Distribution
Kans., Fla., Calif., La.
Discussion
A native of Malaysia, Themeda quadrivalvis has been found at scattered locations in the contiguous United States. Towne and Ballard (2002) reported that it is a common contaminant of the thistle seed sold for bird feeders. Most of the seeds are sterile, but a few are not. It is established in St. Landry and Iberia parishes, Louisiana, in addition to having escaped from cultivation in Florida (Baird and Thieret 1985)