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| − | --><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="root coloration;root coloration;root coloration;root coloration;root coloration;root width;root texture"><b>Roots </b>yellow to medium brown or black, thin, fibrous.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="stem orientation;stem atypical some measurement;stem some measurement;stem pubescence;rhizome development"><b>Stems </b>erect, 30-100 (-120) dm, glabrous, often from well-developed rhizomes.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="leaf position"><b>Leaves </b>mostly cauline.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="leaf-blade architecture"><b>Leaf-</b>blade 3-4×-ternately compound;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="leaflet shape;leaflet shape;leaflet shape;leaflet shape;leaflet shape;leaflet width;lobe margin shape;surface pubescence;surface pubescence;surface pubescence">leaflets orbiculate to obovate-cuneate or cordate, apically 3-lobed, 10-30 mm wide, lobe margins coarsely crenate, surfaces glabrous to glandular.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="inflorescence position or structure subtype;panicle architecture;panicle quantity;panicle architecture"><b>Inflorescences </b>terminal (some flowers in axils of distal leaves), panicles, rather open, many flowered.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="sepal coloration;sepal coloration;sepal coloration;sepal shape;sepal some measurement;sepal some measurement;flower architecture;flower architecture"><b>Flowers:</b> sepals whitish or greenish or purplish tinged, ovate, 3.5-4.4 mm in staminate flowers, 1.5-2 mm in pistillate flowers;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="filament coloration;filament some measurement">filaments purplish, 4-10 mm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="anther some measurement;anther architecture or shape">anthers 1.5-4 mm, long-apiculate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="stigma coloration">stigma often purplish.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="achene quantity;achene orientation;achene orientation;achene orientation;achene architecture"><b>Achenes </b>6-9, spreading to reflexed, short-stipitate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="stipe some measurement">stipe 0.4-1.2 mm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="body shape;body shape;body atypical some measurement;body atypical some measurement;body some measurement;body shape;body architecture or function or pubescence;body architecture;vein architecture">body fusiform, not laterally compressed, (4-) 6-9 (-10) mm, tapering at both ends, glandular, strongly 3-veined on each side, veins not anastomosing;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="beak atypical some measurement;beak some measurement">beak 3-4.5 (-6) mm.</span><!-- | + | --><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Roots </b>yellow to medium brown or black, thin, fibrous. <b>Stems</b> erect, 30-100(-120) dm, glabrous, often from well-developed rhizomes. <b>Leaves</b> mostly cauline. <b>Leaf</b> blade 3-4×-ternately compound; leaflets orbiculate to obovate-cuneate or cordate, apically 3-lobed, 10-30 mm wide, lobe margins coarsely crenate, surfaces glabrous to glandular. <b>Inflorescences</b> terminal (some flowers in axils of distal leaves), panicles, rather open, many flowered. <b>Flowers</b>: sepals whitish or greenish or purplish tinged, ovate, 3.5-4.4 mm in staminate flowers, 1.5-2 mm in pistillate flowers; filaments purplish, 4-10 mm; anthers 1.5-4 mm, long-apiculate; stigma often purplish. <b>Achenes</b> 6-9, spreading to reflexed, short-stipitate; stipe 0.4-1.2 mm; body fusiform, not laterally compressed, (4-)6-9(-10) mm, tapering at both ends, glandular, strongly 3-veined on each side, veins not anastomosing; beak 3-4.5(-6) mm.</span><!-- |
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| | |publication year=1873 | | |publication year=1873 |
| | |special status=Endemic;Selected by author to be illustrated | | |special status=Endemic;Selected by author to be illustrated |
| − | |source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/287ef3db526bd807d435a3c7423ef2df1e951227/V3/V3_982.xml | + | |source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/9216fc802291cd3df363fd52122300479582ede7/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V3/V3_982.xml |
| | |genus=Thalictrum | | |genus=Thalictrum |
| | |section=Thalictrum sect. Heterogamia | | |section=Thalictrum sect. Heterogamia |
| | |species=Thalictrum occidentale | | |species=Thalictrum occidentale |
| − | |achene architecture=short-stipitate
| |
| − | |achene orientation=spreading;reflexed
| |
| − | |achene quantity=6;9
| |
| − | |anther architecture or shape=long-apiculate
| |
| − | |anther some measurement=1.5mm;4mm
| |
| − | |beak atypical some measurement=4.5mm;6mm
| |
| − | |beak some measurement=3mm;4.5mm
| |
| − | |body architecture=3-veined
| |
| − | |body architecture or function or pubescence=glandular
| |
| − | |body atypical some measurement=9mm;10mm
| |
| − | |body shape=tapering;compressed;fusiform
| |
| − | |body some measurement=6mm;9mm
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| − | |filament coloration=purplish
| |
| − | |filament some measurement=4mm;10mm
| |
| − | |flower architecture=pistillate;staminate
| |
| − | |inflorescence position or structure subtype=terminal
| |
| − | |leaf position=cauline
| |
| − | |leaf-blade architecture=compound
| |
| − | |leaflet shape=3-lobed;orbiculate;obovate-cuneate or cordate
| |
| − | |leaflet width=10mm;30mm
| |
| − | |lobe margin shape=crenate
| |
| − | |panicle architecture=flowered;open
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| − | |panicle quantity=many
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| − | |rhizome development=well-developed
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| − | |root coloration=yellow;medium brown or black
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| − | |root texture=fibrous
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| − | |root width=thin
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| − | |sepal coloration=purplish tinged;greenish;whitish
| |
| − | |sepal shape=ovate
| |
| − | |sepal some measurement=1.5mm;2mm
| |
| − | |stem atypical some measurement=100dm;120dm
| |
| − | |stem orientation=erect
| |
| − | |stem pubescence=glabrous
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| − | |stem some measurement=30dm;100dm
| |
| − | |stigma coloration=purplish
| |
| − | |stipe some measurement=0.4mm;1.2mm
| |
| − | |surface pubescence=glabrous;glandular
| |
| − | |vein architecture=not anastomosing
| |
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| | -->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Thalictrum sect. Heterogamia]] | | -->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Thalictrum sect. Heterogamia]] |
Roots yellow to medium brown or black, thin, fibrous. Stems erect, 30-100(-120) dm, glabrous, often from well-developed rhizomes. Leaves mostly cauline. Leaf blade 3-4×-ternately compound; leaflets orbiculate to obovate-cuneate or cordate, apically 3-lobed, 10-30 mm wide, lobe margins coarsely crenate, surfaces glabrous to glandular. Inflorescences terminal (some flowers in axils of distal leaves), panicles, rather open, many flowered. Flowers: sepals whitish or greenish or purplish tinged, ovate, 3.5-4.4 mm in staminate flowers, 1.5-2 mm in pistillate flowers; filaments purplish, 4-10 mm; anthers 1.5-4 mm, long-apiculate; stigma often purplish. Achenes 6-9, spreading to reflexed, short-stipitate; stipe 0.4-1.2 mm; body fusiform, not laterally compressed, (4-)6-9(-10) mm, tapering at both ends, glandular, strongly 3-veined on each side, veins not anastomosing; beak 3-4.5(-6) mm.
Phenology: Flowering early summer-mid summer (Jun–Aug).
Habitat: Open woods, meadows, and copses
Elevation: 200-3400 m
Distribution
Alta., B.C., Sask., Yukon, Alaska, Calif., Colo., Idaho, Mont., Nev., N.Dak., Oreg., Utah, Wash., Wyo.
Discussion
Thalictrum occidentale is similar to T. confine and T. venulosum; thorough field studies are needed to determine whether or not they should be maintained as separate species. Thalictrum occidentale can usually be distinguished by its reflexed achenes.
Plants of northern British Columbia, sometimes called Thalictrum occidentale var. breitungii (B. Boivin) Brayshaw, appear to be intermediate between T. occidentale and T. venulosum (T. C. Brayshaw, pers. comm.); achenes are ascending, ± compressed, and beaks rather short (2-4 mm) (T. C. Brayshaw 1989).
Some of the Native Americans used Thalictrum occidentale medicinally for headaches, eye trouble, and sore legs, to loosen phlem, and to improve blood circulation (D. E. Moerman 1986).
Selected References
None.
