FNA>Volume Importer |
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| − | --><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="tree some measurement"><b>Trees,</b> to 36 m.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="bark coloration;bark relief;bark shape"><b>Bark </b>dark gray, fissured or ridged.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="twig coloration;twig fragility or size;twig pubescence;twig architecture or pubescence"><b>Twigs </b>reddish-brown, stout, hirsute and scaly.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="terminal bud coloration;terminal bud shape;terminal bud some measurement;terminal bud pubescence"><b>Terminal </b>buds tan (after early loss of outer scales), broadly ovoid, 8-20 mm, tomentose;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="bud-scale arrangement">bud-scales imbricate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="hood fusion">axillary buds protected by bracteoles fused into hood.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="leaf some measurement"><b>Leaves </b>3-5 dm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="petiole some measurement;petiole pubescence;rachis pubescence;scale prominence;scale size;scale size;scale shape;scale architecture">petiole 3-12 cm, petiole and rachis hirsute, with conspicuous large and small round peltate scales.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="leaflet atypical quantity;leaflet quantity;lateral petiolule some measurement;terminal petiolule some measurement"><b>Leaflets </b>(5-) 7-9, lateral petiolules 0-2 mm, terminal petiolules 2-13 mm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="blade shape;blade shape;blade shape;blade shape;blade shape;blade length;blade width;margin architecture or shape;apex shape;apex shape">blades ovate to elliptic or obovate, not falcate, 4-19 × 2-8 cm, margins finely to coarsely serrate, apex acute, rarely acuminate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="surface pubescence;surface pubescence;surface pubescence;hair architecture;hair architecture or arrangement;hair architecture;scale size;scale size;scale shape;scale architecture;scale quantity;vein size;hair architecture or arrangement">surfaces abaxially hirsute with unicellular, 2-8-rayed fasciculate and multiradiate hairs, and with large and small round peltate scales abundant, adaxially hirsute along midrib and major veins, puberulent with fasciculate hairs and scales in spring.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="catkin architecture;catkin architecture;catkin some measurement;stalk pubescence;stalk architecture or pubescence;beak pubescence;beak architecture or pubescence;hair relief"><b>Staminate </b>catkins pedunculate, to 14 cm, stalks and bracts hirsute, scaly, apex of each bract with coarse hairs;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="anther pubescence">anthers hirsute.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="fruit coloration;fruit coloration;fruit shape;fruit shape;fruit shape;fruit shape;fruit shape;fruit shape;fruit shape;fruit shape;fruit shape;fruit shape;fruit shape;fruit shape;fruit length;fruit width"><b>Fruits </b>reddish-brown, finely mottled, spheric to ellipsoid or obovoid, not compressed to compressed, 3-5 × 3-5 cm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="husk pubescence or relief;husk thickness;husk dehiscence;husk position;husk position;suture architecture or pubescence or relief">husks rough, 4-10 mm thick, dehiscing to middle or nearly to base, sutures smooth;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s15" data-properties="nut coloration;nut shape;nut shape;nut shape;nut shape;nut shape;nut shape;nut shape;nut shape;nut shape;nut shape;nut shape;nut shape;nut shape;nut shape;nut shape;nut relief">nuts tan, spheric to ellipsoid, compressed, prominently to faintly 4-angled, rugulose;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s16" data-properties="shell width">shells thick.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s17" data-properties=""><b>Seeds </b>sweet.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s18" data-properties="seed taste;2n chromosome quantity">2n = 64.</span><!-- | + | --><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Trees,</b> to 36 m. <b>Bark</b> dark gray, fissured or ridged. <b>Twigs</b> reddish brown, stout, hirsute and scaly. <b>Terminal</b> buds tan (after early loss of outer scales), broadly ovoid, 8-20 mm, tomentose; bud scales imbricate; axillary buds protected by bracteoles fused into hood. <b>Leaves</b> 3-5 dm; petiole 3-12 cm, petiole and rachis hirsute, with conspicuous large and small round peltate scales. <b>Leaflets</b> (5-)7-9, lateral petiolules 0-2 mm, terminal petiolules 2-13 mm; blades ovate to elliptic or obovate, not falcate, 4-19 × 2-8 cm, margins finely to coarsely serrate, apex acute, rarely acuminate; surfaces abaxially hirsute with unicellular, 2-8-rayed fasciculate and multiradiate hairs, and with large and small round peltate scales abundant, adaxially hirsute along midrib and major veins, puberulent with fasciculate hairs and scales in spring. <b>Staminate</b> catkins pedunculate, to 14 cm, stalks and bracts hirsute, scaly, apex of each bract with coarse hairs; anthers hirsute. <b>Fruits</b> reddish brown, finely mottled, spheric to ellipsoid or obovoid, not compressed to compressed, 3-5 × 3-5 cm; husks rough, 4-10 mm thick, dehiscing to middle or nearly to base, sutures smooth; nuts tan, spheric to ellipsoid, compressed, prominently to faintly 4-angled, rugulose; shells thick. <b>Seeds</b> sweet. <b>2n</b> = 64.</span><!-- |
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| | |publication year=1818 | | |publication year=1818 |
| | |special status=Endemic;Selected by author to be illustrated | | |special status=Endemic;Selected by author to be illustrated |
| − | |source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/287ef3db526bd807d435a3c7423ef2df1e951227/V3/V3_921.xml | + | |source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/9216fc802291cd3df363fd52122300479582ede7/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V3/V3_921.xml |
| | |genus=Carya | | |genus=Carya |
| | |species=Carya tomentosa | | |species=Carya tomentosa |
| − | |2n chromosome quantity=64
| |
| − | |anther pubescence=hirsute
| |
| − | |apex shape=acuminate;acute
| |
| − | |bark coloration=dark gray
| |
| − | |bark relief=fissured
| |
| − | |bark shape=ridged
| |
| − | |beak architecture or pubescence=scaly
| |
| − | |beak pubescence=hirsute
| |
| − | |blade length=4cm;19cm
| |
| − | |blade shape=not falcate;ovate;elliptic or obovate
| |
| − | |blade width=2cm;8cm
| |
| − | |bud-scale arrangement=imbricate
| |
| − | |catkin architecture=pedunculate;staminate
| |
| − | |catkin some measurement=0cm;14cm
| |
| − | |fruit coloration=mottled;reddish-brown
| |
| − | |fruit length=3cm;5cm
| |
| − | |fruit shape=spheric;ellipsoid or obovoid not compressed
| |
| − | |fruit width=3cm;5cm
| |
| − | |hair architecture=multiradiate;unicellular
| |
| − | |hair architecture or arrangement=fasciculate;fasciculate
| |
| − | |hair relief=coarse
| |
| − | |hood fusion=fused
| |
| − | |husk dehiscence=dehiscing
| |
| − | |husk position=nearly;middle
| |
| − | |husk pubescence or relief=rough
| |
| − | |husk thickness=4mm;10mm
| |
| − | |lateral petiolule some measurement=0mm;2mm
| |
| − | |leaf some measurement=3dm;5dm
| |
| − | |leaflet atypical quantity=5;7
| |
| − | |leaflet quantity=7;9
| |
| − | |margin architecture or shape=serrate
| |
| − | |nut coloration=tan
| |
| − | |nut relief=rugulose
| |
| − | |nut shape=spheric;ellipsoid compressed
| |
| − | |petiole pubescence=hirsute
| |
| − | |petiole some measurement=3cm;12cm
| |
| − | |rachis pubescence=hirsute
| |
| − | |scale architecture=peltate;peltate
| |
| − | |scale prominence=conspicuous
| |
| − | |scale quantity=abundant
| |
| − | |scale shape=round;round
| |
| − | |scale size=small;large;small;large
| |
| − | |seed taste=sweet
| |
| − | |shell width=thick
| |
| − | |stalk architecture or pubescence=scaly
| |
| − | |stalk pubescence=hirsute
| |
| − | |surface pubescence=puberulent;hirsute;hirsute
| |
| − | |suture architecture or pubescence or relief=smooth
| |
| − | |terminal bud coloration=tan
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| − | |terminal bud pubescence=tomentose
| |
| − | |terminal bud shape=ovoid
| |
| − | |terminal bud some measurement=8mm;20mm
| |
| − | |terminal petiolule some measurement=2mm;13mm
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| − | |tree some measurement=0m;36m
| |
| − | |twig architecture or pubescence=scaly
| |
| − | |twig coloration=reddish-brown
| |
| − | |twig fragility or size=stout
| |
| − | |twig pubescence=hirsute
| |
| − | |vein size=major
| |
| | }}<!-- | | }}<!-- |
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| | -->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Carya]] | | -->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Carya]] |
Trees, to 36 m. Bark dark gray, fissured or ridged. Twigs reddish brown, stout, hirsute and scaly. Terminal buds tan (after early loss of outer scales), broadly ovoid, 8-20 mm, tomentose; bud scales imbricate; axillary buds protected by bracteoles fused into hood. Leaves 3-5 dm; petiole 3-12 cm, petiole and rachis hirsute, with conspicuous large and small round peltate scales. Leaflets (5-)7-9, lateral petiolules 0-2 mm, terminal petiolules 2-13 mm; blades ovate to elliptic or obovate, not falcate, 4-19 × 2-8 cm, margins finely to coarsely serrate, apex acute, rarely acuminate; surfaces abaxially hirsute with unicellular, 2-8-rayed fasciculate and multiradiate hairs, and with large and small round peltate scales abundant, adaxially hirsute along midrib and major veins, puberulent with fasciculate hairs and scales in spring. Staminate catkins pedunculate, to 14 cm, stalks and bracts hirsute, scaly, apex of each bract with coarse hairs; anthers hirsute. Fruits reddish brown, finely mottled, spheric to ellipsoid or obovoid, not compressed to compressed, 3-5 × 3-5 cm; husks rough, 4-10 mm thick, dehiscing to middle or nearly to base, sutures smooth; nuts tan, spheric to ellipsoid, compressed, prominently to faintly 4-angled, rugulose; shells thick. Seeds sweet. 2n = 64.
Phenology: Flowering spring.
Habitat: Well-drained sandy soils, rolling hills and rocky hillsides, occasionally on limestone outcrops
Elevation: 0-900 m
Distribution
Ala., Ark., Conn., Del., Fla., Ga., Ill., Ind., Iowa, Kans., Ky., La., Md., Mass., Miss., Mo., N.J., N.Y., N.C., Ohio, Okla., Pa., R.I., S.C., Tenn., Tex., Va., W.Va.
Discussion
Both the mockernut hickory and the shagbark hickory were formerly known as Carya alba (Linnaeus) K. Koch [or Hicoria alba (Linnaeus) Britton], based on Juglans alba of Linnaeus. A. J. Rehder (1945) pointed out that the original circumscription included two taxa, and C. alba (J. alba) should therefore be rejected as ambiguous in favor of C. tomentosa and C. ovata, respectively.
Carya tomentosa hybridizes with C. texana (C. ×collina Laughlin) and is reported to hybridize with the diploid C. illinoinensis (C. ×schneckii Sargent).
Cherokee Indians used Carya tomentosa medicinally as an analgesic, especially as an aid for polio, and as an oral and a cold aid; the Delaware, as a gynecological aid and a tonic (D. E. Moerman 1986).
Selected References
None.
