Difference between revisions of "Fagus"

Revision as of 13:36, 27 July 2019

Trees, winter-deciduous. Terminal buds present, long, tapered in maturity, all scales imbricate. Leaves: stipules prominent on new growth, soon deciduous. Leaf blade thin, secondary veins unbranched, ± parallel, extending to margin, each vein ending in acute or obscure tooth. Inflorescences unisexual, axillary in new growth leaves; staminate inflorescence lax, loosely capitate cluster of flowers; pistillate inflorescence short, stiff, cupule 1, terminal. Staminate flowers: sepals connate; stamens 6-16; pistillode typically absent. Pistillate flowers 2 per cupule; sepals distinct; carpels and styles 3. Fruits: maturation in 1st year following pollination; cupule 4-valved, valves distinct, ±completely enclosing nuts until maturity, prickly, prickles stout, unbranched, short, not obscuring surface of cupule, internal valves absent; nuts 2 per cupule, sharply 3-angled, slightly winged. x = 12.

Distribution

Temperate, subtropical, and montane tropical forests, North America (e United States), Mexico, Europe, Asia.

Discussion

Species 8-10 (1 in the flora).

Selected References

Cooper, A. W. and E. P. Mercer. 1977. Morphological variation in Fagus grandifolia Ehrh. in North Carolina. J. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. 93: 136-149.

Hardin, J. W. and G. P. Johnson. 1985. Atlas of foliar surface features in woody plants, VIII. Fagus and Castanea (Fagaceae) of eastern North America. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 112: 11-20.

Rehder, A. J. 1907. Some new or little known forms of New England trees. Rhodora 9: 109-116.

Lower Taxa

Fagus grandifolia

@@ Line 21: / Line 21: @@
 }}<!--
---><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="tree duration"><b>Trees,</b> winter-deciduous.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="terminal bud presence;terminal bud length or size;terminal bud shape;scale life cycle;scale arrangement"><b>Terminal </b>buds present, long, tapered in maturity, all scales imbricate.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="stipule prominence;stipule duration;growth life cycle"><b>Leaves:</b> stipules prominent on new growth, soon deciduous.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="leaf-blade width;secondary-vein architecture;secondary-vein arrangement;tooth shape;tooth prominence"><b>Leaf-</b>blade thin, secondary-veins unbranched, ± parallel, extending to margin, each vein ending in acute or obscure tooth.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="inflorescence reproduction;inflorescence position;growth leaf life cycle"><b>Inflorescences </b>unisexual, axillary in new growth leaves;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="inflorescence architecture;inflorescence architecture or arrangement;inflorescence architecture or shape;inflorescence arrangement">staminate inflorescence lax, loosely capitate cluster of flowers;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="inflorescence architecture;inflorescence height or length or size;inflorescence fragility;cupule quantity;cupule position or structure subtype">pistillate inflorescence short, stiff, cupule 1, terminal.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="flower architecture;sepal fusion"><b>Staminate </b>flowers: sepals connate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="flower architecture;stamen quantity">stamens 6-16;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="flower architecture;pistillode presence">pistillode typically absent.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="flower architecture;flower quantity"><b>Pistillate </b>flowers 2 per cupule;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="sepal fusion">sepals distinct;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="style quantity">carpels and styles 3.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties=""><b>Fruits:</b> maturation in 1st year following pollination;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="cupule architecture;valve fusion;prickle life cycle;prickle architecture;prickle fragility or size;prickle architecture;prickle height or length or size;prickle presence;surface life cycle;surface architecture;surface fragility or size;surface architecture;surface height or length or size;surface presence;valve life cycle;valve architecture;valve fragility or size;valve architecture;valve height or length or size;valve presence">cupule 4-valved, valves distinct, ±completely enclosing nuts until maturity, prickly, prickles stout, unbranched, short, not obscuring surface of cupule, internal valves absent;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s15" data-properties="">nuts 2 per cupule, sharply 3-angled, slightly winged.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s16" data-properties="nut quantity;nut shape;nut architecture;x chromosome quantity">x = 12.</span><!--
+--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Trees,</b> winter-deciduous. <b>Terminal</b> buds present, long, tapered in maturity, all scales imbricate. <b>Leaves</b>: stipules prominent on new growth, soon deciduous. <b>Leaf</b> blade thin, secondary veins unbranched, ± parallel, extending to margin, each vein ending in acute or obscure tooth. <b>Inflorescences</b> unisexual, axillary in new growth leaves; staminate inflorescence lax, loosely capitate cluster of flowers; pistillate inflorescence short, stiff, cupule 1, terminal. <b>Staminate</b> flowers: sepals connate; stamens 6-16; pistillode typically absent. <b>Pistillate</b> flowers 2 per cupule; sepals distinct; carpels and styles 3. <b>Fruits</b>: maturation in 1st year following pollination; cupule 4-valved, valves distinct, ±completely enclosing nuts until maturity, prickly, prickles stout, unbranched, short, not obscuring surface of cupule, internal valves absent; nuts 2 per cupule, sharply 3-angled, slightly winged. <b>x</b> = 12.</span><!--
 -->{{Treatment/Body
-|distribution=Temperate;subtropical;and montane tropical forests;North America (e United States);Mexico;Europe;Asia
+|distribution=Temperate;subtropical;and montane tropical forests;North America (e United States);Mexico;Europe;Asia.
 |discussion=<p>Species 8-10 (1 in the flora).</p>
 |tables=
@@ Line 50: / Line 50: @@
 |basionyms=
 |family=Fagaceae
-|distribution=Temperate;subtropical;and montane tropical forests;North America (e United States);Mexico;Europe;Asia
+|distribution=Temperate;subtropical;and montane tropical forests;North America (e United States);Mexico;Europe;Asia.
 |reference=cooper1977a;hardin1985a;rehder1907a
 |publication title=Sp. Pl.;Gen. Pl. ed.
 |publication year=;1754
 |special status=
-|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/287ef3db526bd807d435a3c7423ef2df1e951227/V3/V3_235.xml
+|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/9216fc802291cd3df363fd52122300479582ede7/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V3/V3_235.xml
 |genus=Fagus
-|cupule architecture=4-valved
-|cupule position or structure subtype=terminal
-|cupule quantity=1
-|flower architecture=pistillate;staminate;staminate;staminate
-|flower quantity=2
-|growth leaf life cycle=new
-|growth life cycle=new
-|inflorescence architecture=pistillate;staminate
-|inflorescence architecture or arrangement=lax
-|inflorescence architecture or shape=capitate
-|inflorescence arrangement=cluster
-|inflorescence fragility=stiff
-|inflorescence height or length or size=short
-|inflorescence position=axillary
-|inflorescence reproduction=unisexual
-|leaf-blade width=thin
-|nut architecture=winged
-|nut quantity=2
-|nut shape=3-angled
-|pistillode presence=absent
-|prickle architecture=unbranched;prickly
-|prickle fragility or size=stout
-|prickle height or length or size=short
-|prickle life cycle=maturity
-|prickle presence=absent
-|scale arrangement=imbricate
-|scale life cycle=maturity
-|secondary-vein architecture=unbranched
-|secondary-vein arrangement=parallel
-|sepal fusion=distinct;connate
-|stamen quantity=6;16
-|stipule duration=deciduous
-|stipule prominence=prominent
-|style quantity=3
-|surface architecture=unbranched;prickly
-|surface fragility or size=stout
-|surface height or length or size=short
-|surface life cycle=maturity
-|surface presence=absent
-|terminal bud length or size=long
-|terminal bud presence=absent
-|terminal bud shape=tapered
-|tooth prominence=obscure
-|tooth shape=acute
-|tree duration=winter-deciduous
-|valve architecture=unbranched;prickly
-|valve fragility or size=stout
-|valve fusion=distinct
-|valve height or length or size=short
-|valve life cycle=maturity
-|valve presence=absent
-|x chromosome quantity=12
 }}<!--
 -->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Fagaceae]]