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| | |common_names=Knobcone pine | | |common_names=Knobcone pine |
| − | |basionyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym | + | |basionyms={{Treatment/ID/Basionym |
| | |name=Pinus tuberculata | | |name=Pinus tuberculata |
| | |authority=Gordon | | |authority=Gordon |
| | + | |rank=species |
| | + | |publication_title= |
| | + | |publication_place=1849, |
| | }} | | }} |
| | |synonyms= | | |synonyms= |
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| − | --><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="shrub some measurement;tree some measurement"><b>Shrubs </b>or trees to 24m;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="trunk diameter;trunk course">trunk to 0.8m diam., usually straight;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="crown shape">crown mostly narrowly to broadly conic.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="bark coloration;bark coloration;bark coloration;bark relief;plate architecture or course;plate prominence or shape;plate architecture or pubescence;upper section architecture or pubescence or relief"><b>Bark </b>purple-brown to dark-brown, shallowly and narrowly fissured, with irregular, flat, loose-scaly plates, on upper sections of trunk nearly smooth.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="branch orientation"><b>Branches </b>ascending;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="twig size;twig coloration">twigs slender, redbrown.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="bud shape;bud shape;bud shape;bud coloration;bud life cycle;bud coloration;bud some measurement;bud coating"><b>Buds </b>ovoid to ovoid-cylindric, dark redbrown, aging darker, ca. 1.5cm, resinous;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="scale margin shape;apex shape">scale margins fringed, apex attenuate.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="leaf count;leaf orientation;leaf orientation;leaf duration;leaf count;leaf atypical length;leaf atypical length;leaf length;leaf atypical width;leaf width;leaf course;leaf course;leaf architecture;leaf coloration;stomatal width;line width;margin architecture or shape;apex shape"><b>Leaves </b>3 per fascicle, spreading or ascending, persisting 4–5 years, (8–) 9–15 (–20) cm × (1–) 1.3–1.8mm, straight or slightly curved, twisted, yellow-green, all surfaces with fine stomatal lines, margins serrulate, apex abruptly conic-subulate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="sheath atypical some measurement;sheath some measurement;base duration">sheath (1–) 1.5–2cm, base persistent.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="pollen cone shape;pollen cone some measurement;pollen cone coloration"><b>Pollen </b>cones ellipsoid-cylindric, 10–15mm, orangebrown.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="seed-cone life cycle;seed-cone maturation;seed-cone duration;seed-cone condition;seed-cone texture;seed-cone architecture or shape;seed-cone shape;seed-cone shape;seed-cone distance;seed-cone coloration;seed-cone coloration;year count;burning count;stalk some measurement"><b>Seed-</b>cones maturing in 2 years, serotinous, long-persistent, remaining closed for 20 years or more, or opening on burning, in whorls, hard and heavy, very asymmetric, lanceoloid before opening, ovoid-cylindric when open, 8–15cm, yellow or pale redbrown, stalks to 1cm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="apophysis shape;apophysis shape;apophysis orientation;apophysis shape;base shape">apophyses toward outside base increasingly elongate, mammillate or raised-angled-conic, downcurved near base, scarcely raised on branchlet side, rhombic;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="umbo position;umbo shape;umbo shape;umbo orientation">umbo central, low-pyramidal, sharp, upcurved.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="seed shape"><b>Seeds </b>compressed-oblique-obovoid;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s15" data-properties="body some measurement;body coloration">body ca. 6–7mm, nearly black;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s16" data-properties="">wing narrow, to 20mm.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s17" data-properties="wing size or width;wing some measurement;2n chromosome count">2n =24.</span><!-- | + | --><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Shrubs </b>or trees to 24m; trunk to 0.8m diam., usually straight; crown mostly narrowly to broadly conic. <b>Bark</b> purple-brown to dark brown, shallowly and narrowly fissured, with irregular, flat, loose-scaly plates, on upper sections of trunk nearly smooth. <b>Branches</b> ascending; twigs slender, red-brown. <b>Buds</b> ovoid to ovoid-cylindric, dark red-brown, aging darker, ca. 1.5cm, resinous; scale margins fringed, apex attenuate. <b>Leaves</b> 3 per fascicle, spreading or ascending, persisting 4–5 years, (8–)9–15(–20)cm × (1–)1.3–1.8mm, straight or slightly curved, twisted, yellow-green, all surfaces with fine stomatal lines, margins serrulate, apex abruptly conic-subulate; sheath (1–)1.5–2cm, base persistent. <b>Pollen</b> cones ellipsoid-cylindric, 10–15mm, orange-brown. <b>Seed</b> cones maturing in 2 years, serotinous, long-persistent, remaining closed for 20 years or more, or opening on burning, in whorls, hard and heavy, very asymmetric, lanceoloid before opening, ovoid-cylindric when open, 8–15cm, yellow- or pale red-brown, stalks to 1cm; apophyses toward outside base increasingly elongate, mammillate or raised-angled-conic, downcurved near base, scarcely raised on branchlet side, rhombic; umbo central, low-pyramidal, sharp, upcurved. <b>Seeds</b> compressed-oblique-obovoid; body ca. 6–7mm, nearly black; wing narrow, to 20mm. <b>2n</b> =24.</span><!-- |
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| | -->{{Treatment/Body | | -->{{Treatment/Body |
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| | |elevation=300–1200m | | |elevation=300–1200m |
| | |distribution=Calif.;Oreg.;Mexico in Baja California. | | |distribution=Calif.;Oreg.;Mexico in Baja California. |
| − | |discussion=<p>Pinus attenuata, mostly a chaparral species, bears cones at an early age. Its seed crops are heavy, and a hot fire permits the seeds to be released. It forms hybrids with P. muricata and P. radiata.</p> | + | |discussion=<p><i>Pinus attenuata</i>, mostly a chaparral species, bears cones at an early age. Its seed crops are heavy, and a hot fire permits the seeds to be released. It forms hybrids with <i>P. muricata</i> and <i>P. radiata</i>.</p> |
| | |tables= | | |tables= |
| | |references= | | |references= |
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| | -->{{#Taxon: | | -->{{#Taxon: |
| | name=Pinus attenuata | | name=Pinus attenuata |
| − | |author=
| |
| | |authority=Lemmon | | |authority=Lemmon |
| | |rank=species | | |rank=species |
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| | |publication year=1892 | | |publication year=1892 |
| | |special status= | | |special status= |
| − | |source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/287ef3db526bd807d435a3c7423ef2df1e951227/V2/V2_38.xml | + | |source xml=https://bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation/src/2e0870ddd59836b60bcf96646a41e87ea5a5943a/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V2/V2_38.xml |
| | |genus=Pinus | | |genus=Pinus |
| | |species=Pinus attenuata | | |species=Pinus attenuata |
| − | |2n chromosome count=24
| |
| − | |apex shape=conic-subulate;attenuate
| |
| − | |apophysis orientation=downcurved
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| − | |apophysis shape=rhombic;raised-angled-conic;mammillate
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| − | |bark coloration=purple-brown;dark-brown
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| − | |bark relief=fissured
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| − | |base duration=persistent
| |
| − | |base shape=elongate
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| − | |body coloration=black
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| − | |body some measurement=6mm;7mm
| |
| − | |branch orientation=ascending
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| − | |bud coating=resinous
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| − | |bud coloration=darker;dark redbrown
| |
| − | |bud life cycle=aging
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| − | |bud shape=ovoid;ovoid-cylindric
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| − | |bud some measurement=1.5
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| − | |burning count=20
| |
| − | |crown shape=conic
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| − | |leaf architecture=twisted
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| − | |leaf atypical length=15cm;20cm
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| − | |leaf atypical width=1mm;1.3mm
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| − | |leaf coloration=yellow-green
| |
| − | |leaf count=4;5
| |
| − | |leaf course=curved;straight
| |
| − | |leaf duration=persisting
| |
| − | |leaf length=9cm;15cm
| |
| − | |leaf orientation=ascending;spreading
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| − | |leaf width=1.3mm;1.8mm
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| − | |line width=fine
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| − | |margin architecture or shape=serrulate
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| − | |plate architecture or course=irregular
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| − | |plate architecture or pubescence=loose-scaly
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| − | |plate prominence or shape=flat
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| − | |pollen cone coloration=orangebrown
| |
| − | |pollen cone shape=ellipsoid-cylindric
| |
| − | |pollen cone some measurement=10mm;15mm
| |
| − | |scale margin shape=fringed
| |
| − | |seed shape=compressed-oblique-obovoid
| |
| − | |seed-cone architecture or shape=asymmetric
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| − | |seed-cone coloration=pale redbrown;yellow
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| − | |seed-cone condition=closed
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| − | |seed-cone distance=8cm;15cm
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| − | |seed-cone duration=long-persistent
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| − | |seed-cone life cycle=maturing
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| − | |seed-cone maturation=serotinous
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| − | |seed-cone shape=ovoid-cylindric;lanceoloid
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| − | |seed-cone texture=hard
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| − | |sheath atypical some measurement=1cm;1.5cm
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| − | |sheath some measurement=1.5cm;2cm
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| − | |shrub some measurement=0m;24m
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| − | |stalk some measurement=1
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| − | |stomatal width=fine
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| − | |tree some measurement=0m;24m
| |
| − | |trunk course=straight
| |
| − | |trunk diameter=0m;0.8m
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| − | |twig coloration=redbrown
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| − | |twig size=slender
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| − | |umbo orientation=upcurved
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| − | |umbo position=central
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| − | |umbo shape=sharp;low-pyramidal
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| − | |upper section architecture or pubescence or relief=smooth
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| − | |wing size or width=narrow
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| − | |wing some measurement=0mm;20mm
| |
| − | |year count=2
| |
| | }}<!-- | | }}<!-- |
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| | -->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Pinus]] | | -->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Pinus]] |
Shrubs or trees to 24m; trunk to 0.8m diam., usually straight; crown mostly narrowly to broadly conic. Bark purple-brown to dark brown, shallowly and narrowly fissured, with irregular, flat, loose-scaly plates, on upper sections of trunk nearly smooth. Branches ascending; twigs slender, red-brown. Buds ovoid to ovoid-cylindric, dark red-brown, aging darker, ca. 1.5cm, resinous; scale margins fringed, apex attenuate. Leaves 3 per fascicle, spreading or ascending, persisting 4–5 years, (8–)9–15(–20)cm × (1–)1.3–1.8mm, straight or slightly curved, twisted, yellow-green, all surfaces with fine stomatal lines, margins serrulate, apex abruptly conic-subulate; sheath (1–)1.5–2cm, base persistent. Pollen cones ellipsoid-cylindric, 10–15mm, orange-brown. Seed cones maturing in 2 years, serotinous, long-persistent, remaining closed for 20 years or more, or opening on burning, in whorls, hard and heavy, very asymmetric, lanceoloid before opening, ovoid-cylindric when open, 8–15cm, yellow- or pale red-brown, stalks to 1cm; apophyses toward outside base increasingly elongate, mammillate or raised-angled-conic, downcurved near base, scarcely raised on branchlet side, rhombic; umbo central, low-pyramidal, sharp, upcurved. Seeds compressed-oblique-obovoid; body ca. 6–7mm, nearly black; wing narrow, to 20mm. 2n =24.
Habitat: Fire successional on dry slopes and foothills of Sierra Nevada and the Cascade and Coast ranges
Elevation: 300–1200m
Distribution
Calif., Oreg., Mexico in Baja California.
Discussion
Pinus attenuata, mostly a chaparral species, bears cones at an early age. Its seed crops are heavy, and a hot fire permits the seeds to be released. It forms hybrids with P. muricata and P. radiata.
Selected References
None.
