Difference between revisions of "Ephedra californica"

S. Watson

Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 14: 300. 1879.

Common names: California ephedra cañatillo
Illustrated
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 2.
FNA>Volume Importer
 
imported>Volume Importer
 
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}}
 
}}
 
|common_names=California ephedra;cañatillo
 
|common_names=California ephedra;cañatillo
 +
|special_status={{Treatment/ID/Special_status
 +
|code=F
 +
|label=Illustrated
 +
}}
 
|basionyms=
 
|basionyms=
 
|synonyms=
 
|synonyms=
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}}<!--
 
}}<!--
  
--><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="shrub orientation;shrub some measurement"><b>Shrubs </b>erect, 0.25–1 m.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="bark coloration;bark condition;bark relief"><b>Bark </b>gray-brown, cracked and irregularly fissured.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="branch arrangement;branch arrangement;branch fragility;branch texture;angle degree"><b>Branches </b>alternate or whorled, semiflexible to rigid, angle of divergence about 45°.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="twig coloration;twig coloration;twig coloration;twig pubescence;groove count;groove width;groove dehiscence or orientation"><b>Twigs </b>yellow-green, becoming yellow, then yellowbrown with age, glaucous, with numerous very fine longitudinal grooves;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="internode some measurement">internodes 3–10 cm.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="terminal bud shape;terminal bud some measurement;apex shape"><b>Terminal </b>buds conic, 2–3 mm, apex acute.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="leaf some measurement;leaf fusion;leaf length;whorl count"><b>Leaves </b>in whorls of 3, 2–6 mm, connate to 1/2–3/4 their length;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="base texture;base size or width;base duration">bases at first membranous, then becoming thickened, completely deciduous;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="apex shape">apex acute.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="pollen cone count;pollen cone shape;pollen cone some measurement;peduncle height or length or size;peduncle architecture or pubescence"><b>Pollen </b>cones 1–several at node, ovoid, 6–8 mm, on short, scaly peduncles;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="bract coloration;bract shape;bract length;bract width;bract texture;bract fusion;whorl count;whorl count">bracts in 8–12 whorls of 3, light orange-yellow, ovate, 2–3 × 2–3 mm, membranous, slightly united at base;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="bracteole variability;bracteole variability">bracteoles equaling or slightly exceeding bracts;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="sporangiophore some measurement;sporangiophore position;sporangiophore length;microsporangium count;microsporangium architecture;microsporangium architecture;microsporangium architecture">sporangiophores 3–5 mm, exserted to 1/3 their length, with 3–7 sessile to short-stalked microsporangia.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="seed-cone count;seed-cone shape;seed-cone distance;peduncle height or length or size;peduncle architecture or pubescence"><b>Seed-</b>cones 1–several at node, ovoid, 8–10 mm, on very short, scaly peduncles;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="bract arrangement or shape;bract length;bract width;bract texture;bract shape;whorl count;whorl count;center coloration;center coloration;center coloration;margin architecture or shape">bracts in 4–6 whorls of 3, circular, 5–7 × 5–10 mm, papery, with orange to green-yellow center and base, slightly clawed, margins entire.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s15" data-properties="seed atypical count;seed count;seed shape;seed diameter;seed coloration;seed architecture or pubescence or relief"><b>Seeds </b>1 (–2), nearly globose, 7–10 mm diam., brown, smooth.</span><!--
+
--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Shrubs </b>erect, 0.25–1 m. <b>Bark</b> gray-brown, cracked and irregularly fissured. <b>Branches</b> alternate or whorled, semiflexible to rigid, angle of divergence about 45°. <b>Twigs</b> yellow-green, becoming yellow, then yellow-brown with age, glaucous, with numerous very fine longitudinal grooves; internodes 3–10 cm. <b>Terminal</b> buds conic, 2–3 mm, apex acute. <b>Leaves</b> in whorls of 3, 2–6 mm, connate to 1/2–3/4 their length; bases at first membranous, then becoming thickened, completely deciduous; apex acute. <b>Pollen</b> cones 1–several at node, ovoid, 6–8 mm, on short, scaly peduncles; bracts in 8–12 whorls of 3, light orange-yellow, ovate, 2–3 × 2–3 mm, membranous, slightly united at base; bracteoles equaling or slightly exceeding bracts; sporangiophores 3–5 mm, exserted to 1/3 their length, with 3–7 sessile to short-stalked microsporangia. <b>Seed</b> cones 1–several at node, ovoid, 8–10 mm, on very short, scaly peduncles; bracts in 4–6 whorls of 3, circular, 5–7 × 5–10 mm, papery, with orange- to green-yellow center and base, slightly clawed, margins entire. <b>Seeds</b> 1(–2), nearly globose, 7–10 mm diam., brown, smooth.</span><!--
  
 
-->{{Treatment/Body
 
-->{{Treatment/Body
 +
|phenology=Coning March–April.
 
|habitat=Dry slopes and fans to valley grasslands
 
|habitat=Dry slopes and fans to valley grasslands
 
|elevation=50–1000 m
 
|elevation=50–1000 m
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-->{{#Taxon:
 
-->{{#Taxon:
 
name=Ephedra californica
 
name=Ephedra californica
|author=
 
 
|authority=S. Watson
 
|authority=S. Watson
 
|rank=species
 
|rank=species
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|basionyms=
 
|basionyms=
 
|family=Ephedraceae
 
|family=Ephedraceae
 +
|phenology=Coning March–April.
 
|habitat=Dry slopes and fans to valley grasslands
 
|habitat=Dry slopes and fans to valley grasslands
 
|elevation=50–1000 m
 
|elevation=50–1000 m
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|publication title=Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts
 
|publication title=Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts
 
|publication year=1879
 
|publication year=1879
|special status=
+
|special status=Illustrated
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/287ef3db526bd807d435a3c7423ef2df1e951227/V2/V2_210.xml
+
|source xml=https://bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation/src/2e0870ddd59836b60bcf96646a41e87ea5a5943a/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V2/V2_210.xml
 
|genus=Ephedra
 
|genus=Ephedra
 
|species=Ephedra californica
 
|species=Ephedra californica
|angle degree=45°
 
|apex shape=acute;acute
 
|bark coloration=gray-brown
 
|bark condition=cracked
 
|bark relief=fissured
 
|base duration=deciduous
 
|base size or width=thickened
 
|base texture=membranous
 
|bract arrangement or shape=circular
 
|bract coloration=light orange-yellow
 
|bract fusion=united
 
|bract length=5mm;7mm
 
|bract shape=clawed;ovate
 
|bract texture=papery;membranous
 
|bract width=5mm;10mm
 
|bracteole variability=slightly exceeding bracts;equaling
 
|branch arrangement=whorled;alternate
 
|branch fragility=semiflexible
 
|branch texture=rigid
 
|center coloration=orange;green-yellow
 
|groove count=numerous
 
|groove dehiscence or orientation=longitudinal
 
|groove width=fine
 
|internode some measurement=3cm;10cm
 
|leaf fusion=connate
 
|leaf length=0;1/2-3/4
 
|leaf some measurement=2mm;6mm
 
|margin architecture or shape=entire
 
|microsporangium architecture=sessile;short-stalked
 
|microsporangium count=3;7
 
|peduncle architecture or pubescence=scaly;scaly
 
|peduncle height or length or size=short;short
 
|pollen cone count=1;several
 
|pollen cone shape=ovoid
 
|pollen cone some measurement=6mm;8mm
 
|seed architecture or pubescence or relief=smooth
 
|seed atypical count=1;2
 
|seed coloration=brown
 
|seed count=1
 
|seed diameter=7mm;10mm
 
|seed shape=globose
 
|seed-cone count=1;several
 
|seed-cone distance=8mm;10mm
 
|seed-cone shape=ovoid
 
|shrub orientation=erect
 
|shrub some measurement=0.25m;1m
 
|sporangiophore length=1/3
 
|sporangiophore position=exserted
 
|sporangiophore some measurement=3mm;5mm
 
|terminal bud shape=conic
 
|terminal bud some measurement=2mm;3mm
 
|twig coloration=yellowbrown;yellow;yellow-green
 
|twig pubescence=glaucous
 
|whorl count=3;4;6
 
 
}}<!--
 
}}<!--
  
 
-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Ephedra]]
 
-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Ephedra]]

Latest revision as of 20:22, 5 November 2020

Shrubs erect, 0.25–1 m. Bark gray-brown, cracked and irregularly fissured. Branches alternate or whorled, semiflexible to rigid, angle of divergence about 45°. Twigs yellow-green, becoming yellow, then yellow-brown with age, glaucous, with numerous very fine longitudinal grooves; internodes 3–10 cm. Terminal buds conic, 2–3 mm, apex acute. Leaves in whorls of 3, 2–6 mm, connate to 1/2–3/4 their length; bases at first membranous, then becoming thickened, completely deciduous; apex acute. Pollen cones 1–several at node, ovoid, 6–8 mm, on short, scaly peduncles; bracts in 8–12 whorls of 3, light orange-yellow, ovate, 2–3 × 2–3 mm, membranous, slightly united at base; bracteoles equaling or slightly exceeding bracts; sporangiophores 3–5 mm, exserted to 1/3 their length, with 3–7 sessile to short-stalked microsporangia. Seed cones 1–several at node, ovoid, 8–10 mm, on very short, scaly peduncles; bracts in 4–6 whorls of 3, circular, 5–7 × 5–10 mm, papery, with orange- to green-yellow center and base, slightly clawed, margins entire. Seeds 1(–2), nearly globose, 7–10 mm diam., brown, smooth.


Phenology: Coning March–April.
Habitat: Dry slopes and fans to valley grasslands
Elevation: 50–1000 m

Distribution

V2 210-distribution-map.gif

Calif., Mexico in Baja California.

Discussion

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.