familyElatinaceae
genusElatine
Difference between revisions of "Elatine"
Sp. Pl. 1: 367. 1753.
Common names: Waterwort élatine
Etymology: Greek name for a plant with firlike leaves
Synonyms: Crypta Nuttall
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|name=Crypta | |name=Crypta | ||
|authority=Nuttall | |authority=Nuttall | ||
| + | |rank=genus | ||
}} | }} | ||
|hierarchy=Elatinaceae;Elatine | |hierarchy=Elatinaceae;Elatine | ||
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| − | --><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Herbs,</b> submersed or emergent aquatic, glabrous. <b>Stems</b> erect, ascending, decumbent, or prostrate, with longitudinal air spaces, rooting at nodes. <b>Leaves</b>: stipules membranous; petiole present or absent; blade margins entire, with hydathodes. <b>Inflorescences</b>: flowers usually solitary, sometimes 2[–3] per node. <b>Pedicels</b> present or absent. <b>Flowers</b>: sepals 2–4, connate basally, equal or 1 smaller, not carinate, apex obtuse; petals (0 or) 2–4, apex obtuse; stamens [0–]1–8; pistil 2–4-carpellate, ovary 2–4-locular, apex truncate; styles 2–4; stigmas 2–4. <b>Capsules</b> membranous. <b>Seeds</b> 2–33[–44] per locule, brown to yellowish brown, straight or curved (nearly circular in E. californica), surface with hexagonal, rectangular, elliptic, or ± round pits (pits oriented with longer dimension at right angles to length of seed). <b>x</b> = 9.</span><!-- | + | --><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Herbs,</b> submersed or emergent aquatic, glabrous. <b>Stems</b> erect, ascending, decumbent, or prostrate, with longitudinal air spaces, rooting at nodes. <b>Leaves</b>: stipules membranous; petiole present or absent; blade margins entire, with hydathodes. <b>Inflorescences</b>: flowers usually solitary, sometimes 2[–3] per node. <b>Pedicels</b> present or absent. <b>Flowers</b>: sepals 2–4, connate basally, equal or 1 smaller, not carinate, apex obtuse; petals (0 or) 2–4, apex obtuse; stamens [0–]1–8; pistil 2–4-carpellate, ovary 2–4-locular, apex truncate; styles 2–4; stigmas 2–4. <b>Capsules</b> membranous. <b>Seeds</b> 2–33[–44] per locule, brown to yellowish brown, straight or curved (nearly circular in <i>E. californica</i>), surface with hexagonal, rectangular, elliptic, or ± round pits (pits oriented with longer dimension at right angles to length of seed). <b>x</b> = 9.</span><!-- |
-->{{Treatment/Body | -->{{Treatment/Body | ||
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{| class="wikitable fna-keytable" | {| class="wikitable fna-keytable" | ||
| − | |-id=key-0-1 | + | |- id="key-0-1" |
|1 | |1 | ||
|Petals 2; capsules 2-locular. | |Petals 2; capsules 2-locular. | ||
|[[Elatine minima|Elatine minima]] | |[[Elatine minima|Elatine minima]] | ||
| − | |-id=key-0-1 | + | |- id="key-0-1" |
|1 | |1 | ||
|Petals usually 3–4, sometimes 0; capsules 3–4-locular. | |Petals usually 3–4, sometimes 0; capsules 3–4-locular. | ||
|[[#key-0-2| > 2]] | |[[#key-0-2| > 2]] | ||
| − | |-id=key-0-2 | + | |- id="key-0-2" |
|2 | |2 | ||
|Sepals 4; petals 4; capsules 4-locular. | |Sepals 4; petals 4; capsules 4-locular. | ||
|[[#key-0-3| > 3]] | |[[#key-0-3| > 3]] | ||
| − | |-id=key-0-3 | + | |- id="key-0-2" |
| + | |2 | ||
| + | |Sepals 2–3 (rarely 4 in E. triandra); petals 3 (sometimes 0 in E. ambigua); capsules 3-locular. | ||
| + | |[[#key-0-4| > 4]] | ||
| + | |- id="key-0-3" | ||
|3 | |3 | ||
|Seeds curved 90–180°; pedicels 1.5–2.5(–3.5) mm, recurved in fruit; w United States. | |Seeds curved 90–180°; pedicels 1.5–2.5(–3.5) mm, recurved in fruit; w United States. | ||
|[[Elatine californica|Elatine californica]] | |[[Elatine californica|Elatine californica]] | ||
| − | |-id=key-0-3 | + | |- id="key-0-3" |
|3 | |3 | ||
|Seeds straight or curved to 15º; pedicels 0.1–23 mm, erect; Quebec. | |Seeds straight or curved to 15º; pedicels 0.1–23 mm, erect; Quebec. | ||
|[[Elatine ojibwayensis|Elatine ojibwayensis]] | |[[Elatine ojibwayensis|Elatine ojibwayensis]] | ||
| − | |-id= | + | |- id="key-0-4" |
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
|4 | |4 | ||
|Pedicels recurved in fruit, 0.5–2.5 mm. | |Pedicels recurved in fruit, 0.5–2.5 mm. | ||
|[[Elatine ambigua|Elatine ambigua]] | |[[Elatine ambigua|Elatine ambigua]] | ||
| − | |-id=key-0-4 | + | |- id="key-0-4" |
|4 | |4 | ||
|Pedicels erect, 0–0.5 mm. | |Pedicels erect, 0–0.5 mm. | ||
|[[#key-0-5| > 5]] | |[[#key-0-5| > 5]] | ||
| − | |-id=key-0-5 | + | |- id="key-0-5" |
|5 | |5 | ||
|Stamens 1–6, number variable within plant. | |Stamens 1–6, number variable within plant. | ||
|[[Elatine heterandra|Elatine heterandra]] | |[[Elatine heterandra|Elatine heterandra]] | ||
| − | |-id=key-0-5 | + | |- id="key-0-5" |
|5 | |5 | ||
|Stamens 3. | |Stamens 3. | ||
|[[#key-0-6| > 6]] | |[[#key-0-6| > 6]] | ||
| − | |-id=key-0-6 | + | |- id="key-0-6" |
|6 | |6 | ||
|Seed pits ± round, (9–)14–17 per row. | |Seed pits ± round, (9–)14–17 per row. | ||
|[[Elatine brachysperma|Elatine brachysperma]] | |[[Elatine brachysperma|Elatine brachysperma]] | ||
| − | |-id=key-0-6 | + | |- id="key-0-6" |
|6 | |6 | ||
|Seed pits angular-hexagonal, (13–)16–35 per row. | |Seed pits angular-hexagonal, (13–)16–35 per row. | ||
|[[#key-0-7| > 7]] | |[[#key-0-7| > 7]] | ||
| − | |-id=key-0-7 | + | |- id="key-0-7" |
|7 | |7 | ||
|Seeds ellipsoid, pit length 3–5 times width; stipule margins entire. | |Seeds ellipsoid, pit length 3–5 times width; stipule margins entire. | ||
|[[Elatine chilensis|Elatine chilensis]] | |[[Elatine chilensis|Elatine chilensis]] | ||
| − | |-id=key-0-7 | + | |- id="key-0-7" |
|7 | |7 | ||
|Seeds oblong or slenderly cylindric, pit length 1–3 times width; stipule margins dentate. | |Seeds oblong or slenderly cylindric, pit length 1–3 times width; stipule margins dentate. | ||
|[[#key-0-8| > 8]] | |[[#key-0-8| > 8]] | ||
| − | |-id=key-0-8 | + | |- id="key-0-8" |
|8 | |8 | ||
|Leaves reddish green; seed pit length 1–2 times width. | |Leaves reddish green; seed pit length 1–2 times width. | ||
|[[Elatine rubella|Elatine rubella]] | |[[Elatine rubella|Elatine rubella]] | ||
| − | |-id=key-0-8 | + | |- id="key-0-8" |
|8 | |8 | ||
|Leaves light green to green; seed pit length 2–3 times width. | |Leaves light green to green; seed pit length 2–3 times width. | ||
|[[#key-0-9| > 9]] | |[[#key-0-9| > 9]] | ||
| − | |-id=key-0-9 | + | |- id="key-0-9" |
|9 | |9 | ||
|Leaf blades linear, lanceolate or narrowly oblong, apices acute or obtuse. | |Leaf blades linear, lanceolate or narrowly oblong, apices acute or obtuse. | ||
|[[Elatine triandra|Elatine triandra]] | |[[Elatine triandra|Elatine triandra]] | ||
| − | |-id=key-0-9 | + | |- id="key-0-9" |
|9 | |9 | ||
|Leaf blades obovate or broadly spatulate, apices rounded to shallowly emarginate. | |Leaf blades obovate or broadly spatulate, apices rounded to shallowly emarginate. | ||
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-->{{#Taxon: | -->{{#Taxon: | ||
name=Elatine | name=Elatine | ||
| − | |author=Hamid Razifard; Gordon C. Tucker; Donald H. Les | + | |author=Hamid Razifard;Gordon C. Tucker;Donald H. Les |
|authority=Linnaeus | |authority=Linnaeus | ||
|rank=genus | |rank=genus | ||
| Line 136: | Line 137: | ||
|publication year=1753 | |publication year=1753 | ||
|special status= | |special status= | ||
| − | |source xml=https:// | + | |source xml=https://bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation/src/2e0870ddd59836b60bcf96646a41e87ea5a5943a/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V12/V12_1045.xml |
|genus=Elatine | |genus=Elatine | ||
}}<!-- | }}<!-- | ||
| − | -->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Elatinaceae]] | + | --> |
| + | [[Category:Treatment]] | ||
| + | [[Category:Elatinaceae]] | ||
Latest revision as of 16:00, 29 May 2024
Herbs, submersed or emergent aquatic, glabrous. Stems erect, ascending, decumbent, or prostrate, with longitudinal air spaces, rooting at nodes. Leaves: stipules membranous; petiole present or absent; blade margins entire, with hydathodes. Inflorescences: flowers usually solitary, sometimes 2[–3] per node. Pedicels present or absent. Flowers: sepals 2–4, connate basally, equal or 1 smaller, not carinate, apex obtuse; petals (0 or) 2–4, apex obtuse; stamens [0–]1–8; pistil 2–4-carpellate, ovary 2–4-locular, apex truncate; styles 2–4; stigmas 2–4. Capsules membranous. Seeds 2–33[–44] per locule, brown to yellowish brown, straight or curved (nearly circular in E. californica), surface with hexagonal, rectangular, elliptic, or ± round pits (pits oriented with longer dimension at right angles to length of seed). x = 9.
Distribution
North America, Mexico, South America, Europe, Asia, Africa, Pacific Islands, Australia.
Discussion
Species ca. 25 (10 in the flora).
Selected References
Lower Taxa
Key
| 1 | Petals 2; capsules 2-locular. | Elatine minima |
| 1 | Petals usually 3–4, sometimes 0; capsules 3–4-locular. | > 2 |
| 2 | Sepals 4; petals 4; capsules 4-locular. | > 3 |
| 2 | Sepals 2–3 (rarely 4 in E. triandra); petals 3 (sometimes 0 in E. ambigua); capsules 3-locular. | > 4 |
| 3 | Seeds curved 90–180°; pedicels 1.5–2.5(–3.5) mm, recurved in fruit; w United States. | Elatine californica |
| 3 | Seeds straight or curved to 15º; pedicels 0.1–23 mm, erect; Quebec. | Elatine ojibwayensis |
| 4 | Pedicels recurved in fruit, 0.5–2.5 mm. | Elatine ambigua |
| 4 | Pedicels erect, 0–0.5 mm. | > 5 |
| 5 | Stamens 1–6, number variable within plant. | Elatine heterandra |
| 5 | Stamens 3. | > 6 |
| 6 | Seed pits ± round, (9–)14–17 per row. | Elatine brachysperma |
| 6 | Seed pits angular-hexagonal, (13–)16–35 per row. | > 7 |
| 7 | Seeds ellipsoid, pit length 3–5 times width; stipule margins entire. | Elatine chilensis |
| 7 | Seeds oblong or slenderly cylindric, pit length 1–3 times width; stipule margins dentate. | > 8 |
| 8 | Leaves reddish green; seed pit length 1–2 times width. | Elatine rubella |
| 8 | Leaves light green to green; seed pit length 2–3 times width. | > 9 |
| 9 | Leaf blades linear, lanceolate or narrowly oblong, apices acute or obtuse. | Elatine triandra |
| 9 | Leaf blades obovate or broadly spatulate, apices rounded to shallowly emarginate. | Elatine americana |