Difference between revisions of "Quercus bicolor"
in G. H. E. Muhlenberg, Ges. Naturf. Freunde Berlin Neue Schriften 3: 396. 1801.
Common names: Swamp white oak chêne bicolore
EndemicIllustrated
Synonyms: Quercus bicolor var. angustifolia Dippel Quercus bicolor var. cuneiformis Dippel Quercus bicolor var. platanoides A. de Candolle Quercus platanoides
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 3.
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{{Treatment/ID | {{Treatment/ID | ||
|accepted_name=Quercus bicolor | |accepted_name=Quercus bicolor | ||
| − | |accepted_authority=Willdenow | + | |accepted_authority=Willdenow |
|publications={{Treatment/Publication | |publications={{Treatment/Publication | ||
|title=in G. H. E. Muhlenberg, Ges. Naturf. Freunde Berlin Neue Schriften | |title=in G. H. E. Muhlenberg, Ges. Naturf. Freunde Berlin Neue Schriften | ||
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}}{{Treatment/ID/Special_status | }}{{Treatment/ID/Special_status | ||
|code=F | |code=F | ||
| − | |label= | + | |label=Illustrated |
}} | }} | ||
|basionyms= | |basionyms= | ||
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym | |synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym | ||
| − | |name= | + | |name=Quercus bicolor var. angustifolia |
|authority=Dippel | |authority=Dippel | ||
| − | }}{{Treatment/ID/Synonym | + | |rank=variety |
| − | |name= | + | }} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym |
| + | |name=Quercus bicolor var. cuneiformis | ||
|authority=Dippel | |authority=Dippel | ||
| − | }}{{Treatment/ID/Synonym | + | |rank=variety |
| − | |name= | + | }} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym |
| + | |name=Quercus bicolor var. platanoides | ||
|authority=A. de Candolle | |authority=A. de Candolle | ||
| − | }}{{Treatment/ID/Synonym | + | |rank=variety |
| − | |name= | + | }} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym |
| − | |authority= | + | |name=Quercus platanoides |
| + | |authority= | ||
| + | |rank=species | ||
}} | }} | ||
|hierarchy=Fagaceae;Quercus;Quercus sect. Quercus;Quercus bicolor | |hierarchy=Fagaceae;Quercus;Quercus sect. Quercus;Quercus bicolor | ||
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}}<!-- | }}<!-- | ||
| − | --><span class="statement" id="st- | + | --><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Trees,</b> deciduous, to 30 m. <b>Bark</b> dark gray, scaly or flat-ridged. <b>Twigs</b> light brown or tan, 2-3(-4) mm diam., glabrous. <b>Buds</b> light or dark brown, globose to ovoid, 2-3 mm, glabrous. <b>Leaves</b>: petiole (4-)10-25(-30) mm. <b>Leaf</b> blade obovate to narrowly elliptic or narrowly obovate, (79-)120-180(-215) × (40-)70-110(-160) mm, base narrowly cuneate to acute, margins regularly toothed, or entire with teeth in distal 1/2 only, or moderately to deeply lobed, or sometimes lobed proximally and toothed distally, secondary veins arched, divergent, (3-)5-7 on each side, apex broadly rounded or ovate; surfaces abaxially light green or whitish, with minute, flat, appressed-stellate hairs and erect, 1-4-rayed hairs, velvety to touch, adaxially dark green, glossy, glabrous. <b>Acorns</b> 1-3(-5) mm, on thin axillary peduncle (20-)40-70 mm; cup hemispheric or turbinate, 10-15 mm deep × 15-25 mm wide, enclosing 1/2-3/4 nut, scales closely appressed, finely grayish tomentose, those near rim of cup often with short, stout, irregularly recurved and sometimes branched, spinose awns emerging from tubercle; nut light brown, ovoid-ellipsoid or oblong, (12-)15-21(-25) × 9-18 mm, glabrous. <b>Cotyledons</b> distinct. <b>2n</b> = 24.</span><!-- |
-->{{Treatment/Body | -->{{Treatment/Body | ||
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|elevation=0-1000 m | |elevation=0-1000 m | ||
|distribution=Ont.;Que.;Ala.;Conn.;Del.;Ill.;Ind.;Iowa;Ky.;Maine;Md.;Mass.;Mich.;Minn.;Mo.;N.H.;N.J.;N.Y.;N.C.;Ohio;Pa.;R.I.;Tenn.;Vt.;Va.;W.Va.;Wis. | |distribution=Ont.;Que.;Ala.;Conn.;Del.;Ill.;Ind.;Iowa;Ky.;Maine;Md.;Mass.;Mich.;Minn.;Mo.;N.H.;N.J.;N.Y.;N.C.;Ohio;Pa.;R.I.;Tenn.;Vt.;Va.;W.Va.;Wis. | ||
| − | |discussion=<p>Putative hybrids between Quercus bicolor and Q. macrocarpa are common in areas of contact. The hybrids tend to have more deeply lobed leaves and varying degrees of development of awns as a fringe along the margin of the acorn cup. Such characteristics occur sporadically throughout many populations of Q. bicolor; in some cases they may occur because of subtle introgression.</p><!-- | + | |discussion=<p>Putative hybrids between <i>Quercus bicolor</i> and <i>Q. macrocarpa</i> are common in areas of contact. The hybrids tend to have more deeply lobed leaves and varying degrees of development of awns as a fringe along the margin of the acorn cup. Such characteristics occur sporadically throughout many populations of <i>Q. bicolor</i>; in some cases they may occur because of subtle introgression.</p><!-- |
| − | --><p>The Iroquois used Quercus bicolor in the treatment of cholera, broken bones, consumption, and as a witchcraft medicine (D. E. Moerman 1986).</p> | + | --><p>The Iroquois used <i>Quercus bicolor</i> in the treatment of cholera, broken bones, consumption, and as a witchcraft medicine (D. E. Moerman 1986).</p> |
|tables= | |tables= | ||
|references= | |references= | ||
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-->{{#Taxon: | -->{{#Taxon: | ||
name=Quercus bicolor | name=Quercus bicolor | ||
| − | + | |authority=Willdenow | |
| − | |authority=Willdenow | ||
|rank=species | |rank=species | ||
|parent rank=section | |parent rank=section | ||
| − | |synonyms= | + | |synonyms=Quercus bicolor var. angustifolia;Quercus bicolor var. cuneiformis;Quercus bicolor var. platanoides;Quercus platanoides |
|basionyms= | |basionyms= | ||
|family=Fagaceae | |family=Fagaceae | ||
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|publication title=in G. H. E. Muhlenberg, Ges. Naturf. Freunde Berlin Neue Schriften | |publication title=in G. H. E. Muhlenberg, Ges. Naturf. Freunde Berlin Neue Schriften | ||
|publication year=1801 | |publication year=1801 | ||
| − | |special status=Endemic; | + | |special status=Endemic;Illustrated |
| − | |source xml=https:// | + | |source xml=https://bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation/src/2e0870ddd59836b60bcf96646a41e87ea5a5943a/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V3/V3_385.xml |
|genus=Quercus | |genus=Quercus | ||
|section=Quercus sect. Quercus | |section=Quercus sect. Quercus | ||
|species=Quercus bicolor | |species=Quercus bicolor | ||
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-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Quercus sect. Quercus]] | -->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Quercus sect. Quercus]] | ||
Latest revision as of 21:48, 5 November 2020
Trees, deciduous, to 30 m. Bark dark gray, scaly or flat-ridged. Twigs light brown or tan, 2-3(-4) mm diam., glabrous. Buds light or dark brown, globose to ovoid, 2-3 mm, glabrous. Leaves: petiole (4-)10-25(-30) mm. Leaf blade obovate to narrowly elliptic or narrowly obovate, (79-)120-180(-215) × (40-)70-110(-160) mm, base narrowly cuneate to acute, margins regularly toothed, or entire with teeth in distal 1/2 only, or moderately to deeply lobed, or sometimes lobed proximally and toothed distally, secondary veins arched, divergent, (3-)5-7 on each side, apex broadly rounded or ovate; surfaces abaxially light green or whitish, with minute, flat, appressed-stellate hairs and erect, 1-4-rayed hairs, velvety to touch, adaxially dark green, glossy, glabrous. Acorns 1-3(-5) mm, on thin axillary peduncle (20-)40-70 mm; cup hemispheric or turbinate, 10-15 mm deep × 15-25 mm wide, enclosing 1/2-3/4 nut, scales closely appressed, finely grayish tomentose, those near rim of cup often with short, stout, irregularly recurved and sometimes branched, spinose awns emerging from tubercle; nut light brown, ovoid-ellipsoid or oblong, (12-)15-21(-25) × 9-18 mm, glabrous. Cotyledons distinct. 2n = 24.
Phenology: Flowering in spring.
Habitat: Low swamp forests, moist slopes, poorly drained uplands
Elevation: 0-1000 m
Distribution
Ont., Que., Ala., Conn., Del., Ill., Ind., Iowa, Ky., Maine, Md., Mass., Mich., Minn., Mo., N.H., N.J., N.Y., N.C., Ohio, Pa., R.I., Tenn., Vt., Va., W.Va., Wis.
Discussion
Putative hybrids between Quercus bicolor and Q. macrocarpa are common in areas of contact. The hybrids tend to have more deeply lobed leaves and varying degrees of development of awns as a fringe along the margin of the acorn cup. Such characteristics occur sporadically throughout many populations of Q. bicolor; in some cases they may occur because of subtle introgression.
The Iroquois used Quercus bicolor in the treatment of cholera, broken bones, consumption, and as a witchcraft medicine (D. E. Moerman 1986).
Selected References
None.
Lower Taxa
None.