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| − | --><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="tree orientation;tree orientation;tree orientation;tree orientation;tree architecture;shrub orientation;shrub orientation;shrub orientation;shrub orientation;shrub architecture;plant life cycle;branch arrangement;branch orientation;crown size or width"><b>Trees </b>or shrubs, erect to ascending or reclining, usually branched in basal portion, older plants with closely parallel, erect branches forming narrow crown;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="trunk count;trunk count;trunk diameter">trunk absent or present, 8–12+ cm diam.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="root density"><b>Roots </b>diffuse.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="stem architecture;stem coloration;stem coloration;stem coloration;stem coloration;stem shape;stem atypical length;stem length;stem atypical width;stem width;stem pubescence"><b>Stems </b>unsegmented, green to bluish or blue-green, columnar, [0.5–] 3–10 m × [2.8–] 5–8 cm, glabrous;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="rib count;rib position;rib shape;furrow course;rib crest shape">ribs 3–30, low, rounded, furrows straight [or wavy], rib crests sometimes notched between areoles [ribs strongly tuberculate in 1 Brazilian species];</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="areole arrangement;areole arrangement or shape;areole arrangement or shape;areole arrangement or shape;areole pubescence">areoles usually closely spaced along ribs [often confluent in flowering region], circular to elliptic, woolly;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="hair coloration;hair coloration;hair pubescence or texture;hair atypical some measurement;hair some measurement;hair length">hairs usually white or tawny [to blackish] soft, to 8 [–50] mm, longest on flower-producing areoles along each rib or on one side of stem in distal region;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="areolar gland prominence">areolar glands not apparent;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="cortex coating;pith coating">cortex and pith extremely mucilaginous.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties=""><b>Spines </b>6–31 per areole, yellow [to brown or black], often aging gray, acicular, straight, terete, [2–] 10–15 (–25) [–40] × 0.25 mm, smooth;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="spine count;spine coloration;spine life cycle;spine coloration;spine shape;spine course;spine shape;spine atypical length;spine atypical length;spine length;spine width;spine architecture or pubescence or relief;spine arrangement;central spine prominence">radial and central spines not distinguishable.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="flower duration;flower duration;flower position;flower position;flower position;flower shape;flower shape;flower shape;flower atypical length;flower atypical length;flower length;flower atypical width;flower width;areole arrangement;areole arrangement"><b>Flowers </b>nocturnal or crepuscular, lateral to subterminal on stems, from closely adjacent or confluent areoles, funnelform to narrowly campanulate, [2.5–] 5–6 [–9] × 2–5 [–7] cm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="flower tube course;flower tube course">flower tube straight or slightly curved;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="outer tepal coloration;margin shape;margin shape">outer tepals greenish [blue, red, or purplish], margins entire or minutely denticulate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="inner tepal coloration;inner tepal length;inner tepal width;margin architecture or shape">inner tepals white [pinkish to reddish], 9–26 × 7.5 mm, margins entire;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s15" data-properties="ovary architecture or pubescence or relief;scale count;spine count">ovary smooth, scales absent (or 1–2), spines absent;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s16" data-properties="stigma lobe count">stigma lobes usually 8–12.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s17" data-properties="fruit dehiscence;side count;scale dehiscence;scale shape;scale texture;scale coloration;scale coloration;spine dehiscence;spine shape;spine texture;spine coloration;spine coloration;side count;scale dehiscence;scale shape;scale texture;scale length;scale width;spine dehiscence;spine shape;spine texture;spine length;spine width;side count;scale dehiscence;scale shape;scale texture;scale count;spine dehiscence;spine shape;spine texture;spine count"><b>Fruits </b>dehiscent along 1 side or apparently indehiscent, red or purple [to blue-green], [spheric or] depressed-spheric [to ovoid or oblong], 20–45 × 30–50 mm, fleshy, scales and spines absent (rarely 1–2 scales);</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s18" data-properties="pulp color">pulp color variable;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s19" data-properties="floral remnant duration">floral remnant usually persistent.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s20" data-properties="seed coloration;seed coloration;seed shape;seed some measurement;seed architecture or pubescence or relief;seed reflectance"><b>Seeds </b>black or dark-brown, snail-shaped, 1.2–2.6 mm, smooth, shiny;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s21" data-properties="">testa cells flat.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s22" data-properties="testa cell prominence or shape;x chromosome count">x = 11.</span><!-- | + | --><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Trees </b>or shrubs, erect to ascending or reclining, usually branched in basal portion, older plants with closely parallel, erect branches forming narrow crown; trunk absent or present, 8–12+ cm diam. <b>Roots</b> diffuse. <b>Stems</b> unsegmented, green to bluish or blue-green, columnar, [0.5–]3–10 m × [2.8–]5–8 cm, glabrous; ribs 3–30, low, rounded, furrows straight [or wavy], rib crests sometimes notched between areoles [ribs strongly tuberculate in 1 Brazilian species]; areoles usually closely spaced along ribs [often confluent in flowering region], circular to elliptic, woolly; hairs usually white or tawny [to blackish] soft, to 8[–50] mm, longest on flower-producing areoles along each rib or on one side of stem in distal region; areolar glands not apparent; cortex and pith extremely mucilaginous. <b>Spines</b> 6–31 per areole, yellow [to brown or black], often aging gray, acicular, straight, terete, [2–]10–15(–25)[–40] × 0.25 mm, smooth; radial and central spines not distinguishable. <b>Flowers</b> nocturnal or crepuscular, lateral to subterminal on stems, from closely adjacent or confluent areoles, funnelform to narrowly campanulate, [2.5–]5–6[–9] × 2–5[–7] cm; flower tube straight or slightly curved; outer tepals greenish [blue, red, or purplish], margins entire or minutely denticulate; inner tepals white [pinkish to reddish], 9–26 × 7.5 mm, margins entire; ovary smooth, scales absent (or 1–2), spines absent; stigma lobes usually 8–12. <b>Fruits</b> dehiscent along 1 side or apparently indehiscent, red or purple [to blue-green], [spheric or] depressed-spheric [to ovoid or oblong], 20–45 × 30–50 mm, fleshy, scales and spines absent (rarely 1–2 scales); pulp color variable; floral remnant usually persistent. <b>Seeds</b> black or dark brown, snail-shaped, 1.2–2.6 mm, smooth, shiny; testa cells flat. <b>x</b> = 11.</span><!-- |
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| | |publication year=1957 | | |publication year=1957 |
| | |special status= | | |special status= |
| − | |source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/287ef3db526bd807d435a3c7423ef2df1e951227/V4/V4_343.xml | + | |source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/9216fc802291cd3df363fd52122300479582ede7/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V4/V4_343.xml |
| | |subfamily=Cactaceae subfam. Cactoideae | | |subfamily=Cactaceae subfam. Cactoideae |
| | |genus=Pilosocereus | | |genus=Pilosocereus |
| − | |areolar gland prominence=not apparent
| |
| − | |areole arrangement=confluent;adjacent;spaced
| |
| − | |areole arrangement or shape=circular;elliptic
| |
| − | |areole pubescence=woolly
| |
| − | |branch arrangement=parallel
| |
| − | |branch orientation=erect
| |
| − | |central spine prominence=not distinguishable
| |
| − | |cortex coating=mucilaginous
| |
| − | |crown size or width=narrow
| |
| − | |floral remnant duration=persistent
| |
| − | |flower atypical length=6cm;9cm
| |
| − | |flower atypical width=5cm;7cm
| |
| − | |flower duration=crepuscular;nocturnal
| |
| − | |flower length=5cm;6cm
| |
| − | |flower position=lateral;subterminal
| |
| − | |flower shape=funnelform;narrowly campanulate
| |
| − | |flower tube course=curved;straight
| |
| − | |flower width=2cm;5cm
| |
| − | |fruit dehiscence=dehiscent
| |
| − | |furrow course=straight
| |
| − | |hair atypical some measurement=8mm;50mm
| |
| − | |hair coloration=tawny;white
| |
| − | |hair length=longest
| |
| − | |hair pubescence or texture=soft
| |
| − | |hair some measurement=0mm;8mm
| |
| − | |inner tepal coloration=white
| |
| − | |inner tepal length=9mm;26mm
| |
| − | |inner tepal width=7.5
| |
| − | |margin architecture or shape=entire
| |
| − | |margin shape=denticulate;entire
| |
| − | |outer tepal coloration=greenish
| |
| − | |ovary architecture or pubescence or relief=smooth
| |
| − | |pith coating=mucilaginous
| |
| − | |plant life cycle=older
| |
| − | |pulp color=variable
| |
| − | |rib count=3;30
| |
| − | |rib crest shape=notched
| |
| − | |rib position=low
| |
| − | |rib shape=rounded
| |
| − | |root density=diffuse
| |
| − | |scale coloration=purple;red
| |
| − | |scale count=absent;absent
| |
| − | |scale dehiscence=indehiscent;indehiscent;indehiscent
| |
| − | |scale length=20mm;45mm
| |
| − | |scale shape=depressed-spheric;depressed-spheric;depressed-spheric
| |
| − | |scale texture=fleshy;fleshy;fleshy
| |
| − | |scale width=30mm;50mm
| |
| − | |seed architecture or pubescence or relief=smooth
| |
| − | |seed coloration=dark-brown;black
| |
| − | |seed reflectance=shiny
| |
| − | |seed shape=snail-shaped
| |
| − | |seed some measurement=1.2mm;2.6mm
| |
| − | |shrub architecture=branched
| |
| − | |shrub orientation=erect;ascending or reclining
| |
| − | |side count=1;1;1
| |
| − | |spine architecture or pubescence or relief=smooth
| |
| − | |spine arrangement=radial
| |
| − | |spine atypical length=15mm;25mm
| |
| − | |spine coloration=purple;red;gray;yellow
| |
| − | |spine count=absent;absent;6;31
| |
| − | |spine course=straight
| |
| − | |spine dehiscence=indehiscent;indehiscent;indehiscent
| |
| − | |spine length=20mm;45mm
| |
| − | |spine life cycle=aging
| |
| − | |spine shape=depressed-spheric;depressed-spheric;depressed-spheric;terete;acicular
| |
| − | |spine texture=fleshy;fleshy;fleshy
| |
| − | |spine width=30mm;50mm
| |
| − | |stem architecture=unsegmented
| |
| − | |stem atypical length=0.5m;3m
| |
| − | |stem atypical width=2.8cm;5cm
| |
| − | |stem coloration=green;bluish or blue-green
| |
| − | |stem length=3m;10m
| |
| − | |stem pubescence=glabrous
| |
| − | |stem shape=columnar
| |
| − | |stem width=5cm;8cm
| |
| − | |stigma lobe count=8;12
| |
| − | |testa cell prominence or shape=flat
| |
| − | |tree architecture=branched
| |
| − | |tree orientation=erect;ascending or reclining
| |
| − | |trunk count=present;absent
| |
| − | |trunk diameter=8cm;12cm
| |
| − | |x chromosome count=11
| |
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| | -->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Cactaceae subfam. Cactoideae]] | | -->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Cactaceae subfam. Cactoideae]] |
Trees or shrubs, erect to ascending or reclining, usually branched in basal portion, older plants with closely parallel, erect branches forming narrow crown; trunk absent or present, 8–12+ cm diam. Roots diffuse. Stems unsegmented, green to bluish or blue-green, columnar, [0.5–]3–10 m × [2.8–]5–8 cm, glabrous; ribs 3–30, low, rounded, furrows straight [or wavy], rib crests sometimes notched between areoles [ribs strongly tuberculate in 1 Brazilian species]; areoles usually closely spaced along ribs [often confluent in flowering region], circular to elliptic, woolly; hairs usually white or tawny [to blackish] soft, to 8[–50] mm, longest on flower-producing areoles along each rib or on one side of stem in distal region; areolar glands not apparent; cortex and pith extremely mucilaginous. Spines 6–31 per areole, yellow [to brown or black], often aging gray, acicular, straight, terete, [2–]10–15(–25)[–40] × 0.25 mm, smooth; radial and central spines not distinguishable. Flowers nocturnal or crepuscular, lateral to subterminal on stems, from closely adjacent or confluent areoles, funnelform to narrowly campanulate, [2.5–]5–6[–9] × 2–5[–7] cm; flower tube straight or slightly curved; outer tepals greenish [blue, red, or purplish], margins entire or minutely denticulate; inner tepals white [pinkish to reddish], 9–26 × 7.5 mm, margins entire; ovary smooth, scales absent (or 1–2), spines absent; stigma lobes usually 8–12. Fruits dehiscent along 1 side or apparently indehiscent, red or purple [to blue-green], [spheric or] depressed-spheric [to ovoid or oblong], 20–45 × 30–50 mm, fleshy, scales and spines absent (rarely 1–2 scales); pulp color variable; floral remnant usually persistent. Seeds black or dark brown, snail-shaped, 1.2–2.6 mm, smooth, shiny; testa cells flat. x = 11.
Distribution
Fla., Mexico, West Indies, Central America, South America.
Discussion
Species ca. 40 (1 in the flora).
The name Pilosocereus was created to replace the illegitimate name Pilocereus, which was earlier applied to this genus. Cephalocereus Pfeiffer, also formerly misapplied to the North American species, is now recognized as restricted to southern Mexico (W. Barthlott and D. R. Hunt 1993; E. F. Anderson 2001), although generic boundaries continue to be the subject of debate.