Difference between revisions of "Trianthema portulacastrum"

Linnaeus

Sp. Pl. 1: 223. 1753.

Common names: Desert horse-purslane
Synonyms: Trianthema monogyna LinnaeusTrianthema procumbens Miller
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 4. Treatment on page 83.
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--><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="plant duration;plant texture;plant pubescence"><b>Plants </b>annual, succulent, usually glabrous.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="stem growth form or orientation;stem growth form or orientation;stem architecture;stem some measurement"><b>Stems </b>prostrate or decumbent, diffusely branched, to 10 dm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="branch life cycle;line position;hair size">young branches with lines of minute hairs proximal to petioles.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="leaf size;leaf arrangement"><b>Leaves:</b> unequal pairs alternating along stem;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="stipule shape">stipules dilated at base;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="blade variability">petiole usually equaling blade;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="blade shape;blade shape;blade shape;blade some measurement;apex shape;apex shape;apex shape;apex shape;apex shape">blade elliptic to orbiculate, to 4 cm, apex obtuse, often notched, or apiculate.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="flower architecture or arrangement or growth form;flower architecture;stipule architecture or shape;bract architecture or shape"><b>Inflorescences:</b> flowers usually solitary, sessile, in axils of smaller leaves (bracts) of some pairs, partly covered by sheathing stipule of bracts;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="bracteole fusion;bracteole some measurement;apex shape">bracteoles connate, 1–1.5 mm, apex acute.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="calyx some measurement"><b>Flowers:</b> calyx 3–5 mm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="calyx lobe coloration or density;calyx lobe shape;calyx lobe some measurement">calyx lobes purple adaxially, lanceolate, 2.5 mm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="stamen count">stamens 5–10.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="capsule shape;capsule course;capsule some measurement;capsule pubescence or texture;stem position relational;seed count"><b>Capsules </b>cylindric, ± curved, 4–5 mm, corky, basal portion appearing embedded in stem, apical portion containing 1 seed;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="apical wing count;apical wing prominence;apical wing orientation;apical wing shape">apical wings 2, prominent, erect, crestlike.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="seed count;seed coloration;seed coloration;seed coloration;seed coloration;seed shape;seed some measurement"><b>Seeds </b>ca. 7, dull reddish-brown to black, ridged, 1.5–2 mm.</span><!--
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--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Plants </b>annual, succulent, usually glabrous. <b>Stems</b> prostrate or decumbent, diffusely branched, to 10 dm; young branches with lines of minute hairs proximal to petioles. <b>Leaves</b>: unequal pairs alternating along stem; stipules dilated at base; petiole usually equaling blade; blade elliptic to orbiculate, to 4 cm, apex obtuse, often notched, or apiculate. <b>Inflorescences</b>: flowers usually solitary, sessile, in axils of smaller leaves (bracts) of some pairs, partly covered by sheathing stipule of bracts; bracteoles connate, 1–1.5 mm, apex acute. <b>Flowers</b>: calyx 3–5 mm; calyx lobes purple adaxially, lanceolate, 2.5 mm; stamens 5–10. <b>Capsules</b> cylindric, ± curved, 4–5 mm, corky, basal portion appearing embedded in stem, apical portion containing 1 seed; apical wings 2, prominent, erect, crestlike. <b>Seeds</b> ca. 7, dull reddish brown to black, ridged, 1.5–2 mm.</span><!--
  
 
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|phenology=Flowering spring–fall.
 
|habitat=Moist or seasonally dry, usually open, wetlands including alkaline flats, playa lakes, banks of rivers, creeks, roadside depressions, beaches, disturbed areas including gardens, irrigated soils and ditches, fields, ballast, stockyards, sidewalks, railroad tracks
 
|habitat=Moist or seasonally dry, usually open, wetlands including alkaline flats, playa lakes, banks of rivers, creeks, roadside depressions, beaches, disturbed areas including gardens, irrigated soils and ditches, fields, ballast, stockyards, sidewalks, railroad tracks
 
|elevation=0-1000 m
 
|elevation=0-1000 m
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|basionyms=
 
|basionyms=
 
|family=Aizoaceae
 
|family=Aizoaceae
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|phenology=Flowering spring–fall.
 
|habitat=Moist or seasonally dry, usually open, wetlands including alkaline flats, playa lakes, banks of rivers, creeks, roadside depressions, beaches, disturbed areas including gardens, irrigated soils and ditches, fields, ballast, stockyards, sidewalks, railroad tracks
 
|habitat=Moist or seasonally dry, usually open, wetlands including alkaline flats, playa lakes, banks of rivers, creeks, roadside depressions, beaches, disturbed areas including gardens, irrigated soils and ditches, fields, ballast, stockyards, sidewalks, railroad tracks
 
|elevation=0-1000 m
 
|elevation=0-1000 m
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|publication year=1753
 
|publication year=1753
 
|special status=
 
|special status=
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/287ef3db526bd807d435a3c7423ef2df1e951227/V4/V4_171.xml
+
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/9216fc802291cd3df363fd52122300479582ede7/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V4/V4_171.xml
 
|genus=Trianthema
 
|genus=Trianthema
 
|species=Trianthema portulacastrum
 
|species=Trianthema portulacastrum
|apex shape=acute;apiculate;notched;apiculate;notched;obtuse
 
|apical wing count=2
 
|apical wing orientation=erect
 
|apical wing prominence=prominent
 
|apical wing shape=crestlike
 
|blade shape=elliptic;orbiculate
 
|blade some measurement=0cm;4cm
 
|blade variability=equaling
 
|bract architecture or shape=sheathing
 
|bracteole fusion=connate
 
|bracteole some measurement=1mm;1.5mm
 
|branch life cycle=young
 
|calyx lobe coloration or density=purple
 
|calyx lobe shape=lanceolate
 
|calyx lobe some measurement=2.5
 
|calyx some measurement=3mm;5mm
 
|capsule course=curved
 
|capsule pubescence or texture=corky
 
|capsule shape=cylindric
 
|capsule some measurement=4mm;5mm
 
|flower architecture=sessile
 
|flower architecture or arrangement or growth form=solitary
 
|hair size=minute
 
|leaf arrangement=alternating
 
|leaf size=unequal
 
|line position=proximal
 
|plant duration=annual
 
|plant pubescence=glabrous
 
|plant texture=succulent
 
|seed coloration=reddish-brown;black
 
|seed count=7;1
 
|seed shape=ridged
 
|seed some measurement=1.5mm;2mm
 
|stamen count=5;10
 
|stem architecture=branched
 
|stem growth form or orientation=decumbent;prostrate
 
|stem position relational=embedded
 
|stem some measurement=0dm;10dm
 
|stipule architecture or shape=sheathing
 
|stipule shape=dilated
 
 
}}<!--
 
}}<!--
  
 
-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Trianthema]]
 
-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Trianthema]]

Revision as of 13:58, 27 July 2019

Plants annual, succulent, usually glabrous. Stems prostrate or decumbent, diffusely branched, to 10 dm; young branches with lines of minute hairs proximal to petioles. Leaves: unequal pairs alternating along stem; stipules dilated at base; petiole usually equaling blade; blade elliptic to orbiculate, to 4 cm, apex obtuse, often notched, or apiculate. Inflorescences: flowers usually solitary, sessile, in axils of smaller leaves (bracts) of some pairs, partly covered by sheathing stipule of bracts; bracteoles connate, 1–1.5 mm, apex acute. Flowers: calyx 3–5 mm; calyx lobes purple adaxially, lanceolate, 2.5 mm; stamens 5–10. Capsules cylindric, ± curved, 4–5 mm, corky, basal portion appearing embedded in stem, apical portion containing 1 seed; apical wings 2, prominent, erect, crestlike. Seeds ca. 7, dull reddish brown to black, ridged, 1.5–2 mm.


Phenology: Flowering spring–fall.
Habitat: Moist or seasonally dry, usually open, wetlands including alkaline flats, playa lakes, banks of rivers, creeks, roadside depressions, beaches, disturbed areas including gardens, irrigated soils and ditches, fields, ballast, stockyards, sidewalks, railroad tracks
Elevation: 0-1000 m

Distribution

V4 171-distribution-map.gif

Ala., Ariz., Ark., Calif., Fla., Ga., La., Md., Miss., Mo., Nev., N.J., N.Mex., N.C., Okla., S.C., Tenn., Tex., Utah, Va., Mexico, West Indies, Central America, South America, Africa.

Discussion

In Arizona, Trianthema portulacastrum is a host plant of the beet leafhopper (T. H. Kearney and R. H. Peebles 1960). Seed dispersal is achieved by several methods: one seed is dispersed in the detached cap of the capsule, which can float, and the other seeds are either dispersed individually from the capsule or remain on the annual, parent plant where they will germinate and establish new plants where the parent once grew or was deposited.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.
... more about "Trianthema portulacastrum"
Wayne R. Ferren Jr. +
Linnaeus +
Desert horse-purslane +
Ala. +, Ariz. +, Ark. +, Calif. +, Fla. +, Ga. +, La. +, Md. +, Miss. +, Mo. +, Nev. +, N.J. +, N.Mex. +, N.C. +, Okla. +, S.C. +, Tenn. +, Tex. +, Utah +, Va. +, Mexico +, West Indies +, Central America +, South America +  and Africa. +
0-1000 m +
Moist or seasonally dry, usually open, wetMoist or seasonally dry, usually open, wetlands including alkaline flats, playa lakes, banks of rivers, creeks, roadside depressions, beaches, disturbed areas including gardens, irrigated soils and ditches, fields, ballast, stockyards, sidewalks, railroad tracksst, stockyards, sidewalks, railroad tracks +
Flowering spring–fall. +
Trianthema monogyna +  and Trianthema procumbens +
Trianthema portulacastrum +
Trianthema +
species +