Difference between revisions of "Cabomba caroliniana"

A. Gray

Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. New York 4: 47. 1837.

Common names: Fanwort
Selected by author to be illustratedWeedy
Synonyms: Cabomba caroliniana var. pulcherrima R. M. HarperCabomba pulcherrima unknown
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 3.
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--><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="leaf location;petiole some measurement"><b>Submersed </b>leaves: petiole to 4 cm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="leaf location;leaf-blade length;leaf-blade width;terminal segment quantity;terminal segment shape;terminal segment shape;terminal segment shape;terminal segment width">leaf-blade 1-3.5 × 1.5-5.5 cm, terminal segments 3-200, linear to slightly spatulate, to 1.8 mm wide.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="leaf growth form or location;blade length;blade width;margin shape;margin shape;margin shape;margin shape"><b>Floating </b>leaves: blade 0.6-3 cm × 1-4 mm, margins entire or notched to sagittate at base.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="flower diameter"><b>Flowers </b>6-15 mm diam.;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="sepal coloration;sepal coloration;sepal coloration;sepal coloration;sepal length;sepal width;margin coloration">sepals white to purplish [yellow] or with purple-tinged margins, 5-12 × 2-7 mm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="petal coloration;auricle position;auricle coloration;auricle architecture;auricle length;auricle width;auricle shape;auricle shape;apex position;apex coloration;apex architecture;apex length;apex width;apex shape;apex shape">petals colored as sepals but with proximal, yellow, nectar-bearing auricles, 4-12 × 2-5 mm, apex broadly obtuse or notched;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="stamen quantity;stamen quantity">stamens 3-6, mostly 6;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="pistil quantity;pistil quantity;pistil arrangement">pistils 2-4, mostly 3, divergent at maturity;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="ovule quantity">ovules 3.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="fruit some measurement"><b>Fruits </b>4-7 mm.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="seed quantity;seed length;seed width;row quantity;row dehiscence or orientation"><b>Seeds </b>1-3, 1.5-3 × 1-1.5 mm, tubercles in 4 longitudinal rows.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="2n chromosome quantity;2n chromosome quantity">2n = ca. 78, ca. 104.</span><!--
+
--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Submersed </b>leaves: petiole to 4 cm; leaf blade 1-3.5 × 1.5-5.5 cm, terminal segments 3-200, linear to slightly spatulate, to 1.8 mm wide. <b>Floating</b> leaves: blade 0.6-3 cm × 1-4 mm, margins entire or notched to sagittate at base. <b>Flowers</b> 6-15 mm diam.; sepals white to purplish [yellow] or with purple-tinged margins, 5-12 × 2-7 mm; petals colored as sepals but with proximal, yellow, nectar-bearing auricles, 4-12 × 2-5 mm, apex broadly obtuse or notched; stamens 3-6, mostly 6; pistils 2-4, mostly 3, divergent at maturity; ovules 3. <b>Fruits</b> 4-7 mm. <b>Seeds</b> 1-3, 1.5-3 × 1-1.5 mm, tubercles in 4 longitudinal rows. <b>2n</b> = ca. 78, ca. 104.</span><!--
  
 
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|habitat=Acidic to alkaline ponds, lakes, pools in marshes, rivers, streams, ditches, canals, and reservoirs
 
|habitat=Acidic to alkaline ponds, lakes, pools in marshes, rivers, streams, ditches, canals, and reservoirs
 
|elevation=0-300 m
 
|elevation=0-300 m
|distribution=Ont.;Ala.;Ark.;Conn.;D.C.;Fla.;Ga.;Ill.;Ind.;Ky.;La.;Md.;Mass.;Mich.;Miss.;Mo.;N.H.;N.J.;N.Y.;N.C.;Ohio;Okla.;Oreg.;Pa.;R.I.;S.C.;Tenn.;Tex.;Va.;s South America
+
|distribution=Ont.;Ala.;Ark.;Conn.;D.C.;Fla.;Ga.;Ill.;Ind.;Ky.;La.;Md.;Mass.;Mich.;Miss.;Mo.;N.H.;N.J.;N.Y.;N.C.;Ohio;Okla.;Oreg.;Pa.;R.I.;S.C.;Tenn.;Tex.;Va.;s South America.
 
|discussion=<p>Cabomba caroliniana, an important aquarium plant, is introduced in Oregon and probably in the northern part of its range where it is uncommon in several states. Formerly known from Kansas, it is thought to be extirpated there now. Although Delaware and West Virginia lie within the mapped area, I know of no collections from those states. In New England and parts of southeast United States, it is sometimes an aggressive weed. In parts of the southeastern United States, plants with purple-tinted flowers, possibly a response to some environmental factor, have been treated as Cabomba caroliniana var. pulcherrima. South American plants with yellow flowers have been called C. caroliniana var. flavida O/rgaard.</p><!--
 
|discussion=<p>Cabomba caroliniana, an important aquarium plant, is introduced in Oregon and probably in the northern part of its range where it is uncommon in several states. Formerly known from Kansas, it is thought to be extirpated there now. Although Delaware and West Virginia lie within the mapped area, I know of no collections from those states. In New England and parts of southeast United States, it is sometimes an aggressive weed. In parts of the southeastern United States, plants with purple-tinted flowers, possibly a response to some environmental factor, have been treated as Cabomba caroliniana var. pulcherrima. South American plants with yellow flowers have been called C. caroliniana var. flavida O/rgaard.</p><!--
 
--><p>The submersed leaves of Cabomba caroliniana are similar in form to those of Limnophila (Scrophulariaceae; introduced in southeastern United States). The latter has whorled leaves in contrast to the opposite leaves of Cabomba.</p>
 
--><p>The submersed leaves of Cabomba caroliniana are similar in form to those of Limnophila (Scrophulariaceae; introduced in southeastern United States). The latter has whorled leaves in contrast to the opposite leaves of Cabomba.</p>
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|habitat=Acidic to alkaline ponds, lakes, pools in marshes, rivers, streams, ditches, canals, and reservoirs
 
|habitat=Acidic to alkaline ponds, lakes, pools in marshes, rivers, streams, ditches, canals, and reservoirs
 
|elevation=0-300 m
 
|elevation=0-300 m
|distribution=Ont.;Ala.;Ark.;Conn.;D.C.;Fla.;Ga.;Ill.;Ind.;Ky.;La.;Md.;Mass.;Mich.;Miss.;Mo.;N.H.;N.J.;N.Y.;N.C.;Ohio;Okla.;Oreg.;Pa.;R.I.;S.C.;Tenn.;Tex.;Va.;s South America
+
|distribution=Ont.;Ala.;Ark.;Conn.;D.C.;Fla.;Ga.;Ill.;Ind.;Ky.;La.;Md.;Mass.;Mich.;Miss.;Mo.;N.H.;N.J.;N.Y.;N.C.;Ohio;Okla.;Oreg.;Pa.;R.I.;S.C.;Tenn.;Tex.;Va.;s South America.
 
|reference=schneider1982a
 
|reference=schneider1982a
 
|publication title=Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. New York
 
|publication title=Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. New York
 
|publication year=1837
 
|publication year=1837
 
|special status=Selected by author to be illustrated;Weedy
 
|special status=Selected by author to be illustrated;Weedy
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/287ef3db526bd807d435a3c7423ef2df1e951227/V3/V3_511.xml
+
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/9216fc802291cd3df363fd52122300479582ede7/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V3/V3_511.xml
 
|genus=Cabomba
 
|genus=Cabomba
 
|species=Cabomba caroliniana
 
|species=Cabomba caroliniana
|2n chromosome quantity=104;78
 
|apex architecture=nectar-bearing
 
|apex coloration=yellow
 
|apex length=4mm;12mm
 
|apex position=proximal
 
|apex shape=notched;obtuse
 
|apex width=2mm;5mm
 
|auricle architecture=nectar-bearing
 
|auricle coloration=yellow
 
|auricle length=4mm;12mm
 
|auricle position=proximal
 
|auricle shape=notched;obtuse
 
|auricle width=2mm;5mm
 
|blade length=0.6cm;3cm
 
|blade width=1mm;4mm
 
|flower diameter=6mm;15mm
 
|fruit some measurement=4mm;7mm
 
|leaf growth form or location=floating
 
|leaf location=submersed;submersed
 
|leaf-blade length=1cm;3.5cm
 
|leaf-blade width=1.5cm;5.5cm
 
|margin coloration=purple-tinged
 
|margin shape=notched;sagittate
 
|ovule quantity=3
 
|petal coloration=colored
 
|petiole some measurement=0cm;4cm
 
|pistil arrangement=divergent
 
|pistil quantity=3;2;4
 
|row dehiscence or orientation=longitudinal
 
|row quantity=4
 
|seed length=1.5mm;3mm
 
|seed quantity=1;3
 
|seed width=1mm;1.5mm
 
|sepal coloration=with purple-tinged margins;white;purplish
 
|sepal length=5mm;12mm
 
|sepal width=2mm;7mm
 
|stamen quantity=6;3;6
 
|terminal segment quantity=3;200
 
|terminal segment shape=linear;slightly spatulate
 
|terminal segment width=0mm;1.8mm
 
 
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-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Cabomba]]
 
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Revision as of 13:42, 27 July 2019

Submersed leaves: petiole to 4 cm; leaf blade 1-3.5 × 1.5-5.5 cm, terminal segments 3-200, linear to slightly spatulate, to 1.8 mm wide. Floating leaves: blade 0.6-3 cm × 1-4 mm, margins entire or notched to sagittate at base. Flowers 6-15 mm diam.; sepals white to purplish [yellow] or with purple-tinged margins, 5-12 × 2-7 mm; petals colored as sepals but with proximal, yellow, nectar-bearing auricles, 4-12 × 2-5 mm, apex broadly obtuse or notched; stamens 3-6, mostly 6; pistils 2-4, mostly 3, divergent at maturity; ovules 3. Fruits 4-7 mm. Seeds 1-3, 1.5-3 × 1-1.5 mm, tubercles in 4 longitudinal rows. 2n = ca. 78, ca. 104.


Phenology: Flowering late spring–early fall, earlier and later further south.
Habitat: Acidic to alkaline ponds, lakes, pools in marshes, rivers, streams, ditches, canals, and reservoirs
Elevation: 0-300 m

Distribution

V3 511-distribution-map.gif

Ont., Ala., Ark., Conn., D.C., Fla., Ga., Ill., Ind., Ky., La., Md., Mass., Mich., Miss., Mo., N.H., N.J., N.Y., N.C., Ohio, Okla., Oreg., Pa., R.I., S.C., Tenn., Tex., Va., s South America.

Discussion

Cabomba caroliniana, an important aquarium plant, is introduced in Oregon and probably in the northern part of its range where it is uncommon in several states. Formerly known from Kansas, it is thought to be extirpated there now. Although Delaware and West Virginia lie within the mapped area, I know of no collections from those states. In New England and parts of southeast United States, it is sometimes an aggressive weed. In parts of the southeastern United States, plants with purple-tinted flowers, possibly a response to some environmental factor, have been treated as Cabomba caroliniana var. pulcherrima. South American plants with yellow flowers have been called C. caroliniana var. flavida O/rgaard.

The submersed leaves of Cabomba caroliniana are similar in form to those of Limnophila (Scrophulariaceae; introduced in southeastern United States). The latter has whorled leaves in contrast to the opposite leaves of Cabomba.

Lower Taxa

None.
... more about "Cabomba caroliniana"
John. H. Wiersema +
A. Gray +
Fanwort +
Ont. +, Ala. +, Ark. +, Conn. +, D.C. +, Fla. +, Ga. +, Ill. +, Ind. +, Ky. +, La. +, Md. +, Mass. +, Mich. +, Miss. +, Mo. +, N.H. +, N.J. +, N.Y. +, N.C. +, Ohio +, Okla. +, Oreg. +, Pa. +, R.I. +, S.C. +, Tenn. +, Tex. +, Va. +  and s South America. +
0-300 m +
Acidic to alkaline ponds, lakes, pools in marshes, rivers, streams, ditches, canals, and reservoirs +
Flowering late spring–early fall, earlier and later further south. +
Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. New York +
schneider1982a +
Selected by author to be illustrated +  and Weedy +
Cabomba caroliniana var. pulcherrima +  and Cabomba pulcherrima +
Cabomba caroliniana +
species +