FNA>Volume Importer |
FNA>Volume Importer |
| Line 30: |
Line 30: |
| | }}<!-- | | }}<!-- |
| | | | |
| − | --><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="stem some measurement;stem pubescence"><b>Stems </b>75-250 cm, glabrous.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="petiole shape;petiole shape;petiole some measurement;petiole architecture;petiole pubescence"><b>Leaves:</b> petiole angled or ± terete, 15-60 cm, usually not grooved abaxially, glabrous.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="leaf-blade architecture"><b>Leaf-</b>blade 2-3-ternately compound;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="leaflet quantity">leaflets 20-70;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="terminal; segment leaflet shape;terminal; segment leaflet shape;terminal; segment leaflet shape;terminal; segment leaflet shape;terminal; segment leaflet length;terminal; segment leaflet width;vein quantity;vein prominence;vein orientation;base shape;base shape;base shape;margin architecture or shape;margin shape;margin shape;apex shape;apex shape;apex shape">terminal leaflet of central segment ovate to obovate, 3-lobed, 6-15 × 6-16.5 cm, with 3 prominent veins arising basally, base somewhat cuneate to somewhat cordate, margins dentate to deeply dentate-serrate or incised, apex acute to acuminate, surfaces glabrous, abaxially rarely pubescent on veins;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="surface pubescence;surface pubescence;leaflet length;leaflet width">other leaflets 4-12 × 3-8 cm.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="panicle orientation;panicle some measurement;panicle pubescence;branch quantity;branch shape;branch arrangement"><b>Inflorescences </b>erect panicles of 4-9 wandlike, racemelike branches, 10-60 cm, distally pubescent;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="beak quantity;beak shape;beak some measurement">bracts 1, subtending pedicel, subulate, 3-4 mm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="pedicel some measurement;pedicel pubescence;bracteole presence">pedicel 4-10 mm, pubescent, bracteoles absent.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="sepal quantity;sepal coloration"><b>Flowers:</b> sepals 4, greenish white;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="petal atypical quantity;petal atypical quantity;petal quantity;petal coloration;petal shape;petal some measurement;petal shape">petals (1-) 4 (-8), white, oblong, ca. 3 mm, clawed;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="nectary position">nectary basal;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="stamen quantity">stamens 55-110;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="filament some measurement">filaments 5-10 mm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="pistil atypical quantity;pistil quantity;pistil architecture;pistil pubescence">pistils 1 (-2), sessile, ± pubescent;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s15" data-properties="style height or length or size;style width">style short, thick;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s16" data-properties="stigma width">stigma 0.5 mm wide.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s17" data-properties="follicle quantity;follicle architecture;follicle shape;follicle shape;follicle some measurement;follicle width;follicle architecture"><b>Follicles </b>1, sessile, ovoid, ± laterally compressed, 5-10 mm, thick walled.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s18" data-properties=""><b>Seeds </b>brown, hemispheric, 3 mm, smooth or ± rough-ridged, without scales.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s19" data-properties="seed coloration;seed shape;seed some measurement;seed architecture or pubescence or relief;seed shape;2n chromosome quantity">2n = 16.</span><!-- | + | --><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Stems </b>75-250 cm, glabrous. <b>Leaves</b>: petiole angled or ± terete, 15-60 cm, usually not grooved abaxially, glabrous. <b>Leaf</b> blade 2-3-ternately compound; leaflets 20-70; terminal leaflet of central segment ovate to obovate, 3-lobed, 6-15 × 6-16.5 cm, with 3 prominent veins arising basally, base somewhat cuneate to somewhat cordate, margins dentate to deeply dentate-serrate or incised, apex acute to acuminate, surfaces glabrous, abaxially rarely pubescent on veins; other leaflets 4-12 × 3-8 cm. <b>Inflorescences</b> erect panicles of 4-9 wandlike, racemelike branches, 10-60 cm, distally pubescent; bracts 1, subtending pedicel, subulate, 3-4 mm; pedicel 4-10 mm, pubescent, bracteoles absent. <b>Flowers</b>: sepals 4, greenish white; petals (1-)4(-8), white, oblong, ca. 3 mm, clawed; nectary basal; stamens 55-110; filaments 5-10 mm; pistils 1(-2), sessile, ± pubescent; style short, thick; stigma 0.5 mm wide. <b>Follicles</b> 1, sessile, ovoid, ± laterally compressed, 5-10 mm, thick walled. <b>Seeds</b> brown, hemispheric, 3 mm, smooth or ± rough-ridged, without scales. <b>2n</b> = 16.</span><!-- |
| | | | |
| | -->{{Treatment/Body | | -->{{Treatment/Body |
| Line 63: |
Line 63: |
| | |publication year=1818 | | |publication year=1818 |
| | |special status=Endemic;Weedy | | |special status=Endemic;Weedy |
| − | |source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/287ef3db526bd807d435a3c7423ef2df1e951227/V3/V3_208.xml | + | |source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/9216fc802291cd3df363fd52122300479582ede7/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V3/V3_208.xml |
| | |genus=Cimicifuga | | |genus=Cimicifuga |
| | |species=Cimicifuga racemosa | | |species=Cimicifuga racemosa |
| − | |2n chromosome quantity=16
| |
| − | |apex shape=acute;acuminate
| |
| − | |base shape=cordate;cuneate to somewhat;cuneate
| |
| − | |beak quantity=1
| |
| − | |beak shape=subulate
| |
| − | |beak some measurement=3mm;4mm
| |
| − | |bracteole presence=absent
| |
| − | |branch arrangement=raceme-like
| |
| − | |branch quantity=4;9
| |
| − | |branch shape=wand-like
| |
| − | |filament some measurement=5mm;10mm
| |
| − | |follicle architecture=walled;sessile
| |
| − | |follicle quantity=1
| |
| − | |follicle shape=compressed;ovoid
| |
| − | |follicle some measurement=5mm;10mm
| |
| − | |follicle width=thick
| |
| − | |leaf-blade architecture=compound
| |
| − | |leaflet length=4cm;12cm
| |
| − | |leaflet quantity=20;70
| |
| − | |leaflet width=3cm;8cm
| |
| − | |margin architecture or shape=dentate
| |
| − | |margin shape=incised;dentate-serrate
| |
| − | |nectary position=basal
| |
| − | |panicle orientation=erect
| |
| − | |panicle pubescence=pubescent
| |
| − | |panicle some measurement=10cm;60cm
| |
| − | |pedicel pubescence=pubescent
| |
| − | |pedicel some measurement=4mm;10mm
| |
| − | |petal atypical quantity=4;8
| |
| − | |petal coloration=white
| |
| − | |petal quantity=4
| |
| − | |petal shape=clawed;oblong
| |
| − | |petal some measurement=3
| |
| − | |petiole architecture=grooved
| |
| − | |petiole pubescence=glabrous
| |
| − | |petiole shape=terete;angled
| |
| − | |petiole some measurement=15cm;60cm
| |
| − | |pistil architecture=sessile
| |
| − | |pistil atypical quantity=1;2
| |
| − | |pistil pubescence=pubescent
| |
| − | |pistil quantity=1
| |
| − | |seed architecture or pubescence or relief=smooth
| |
| − | |seed coloration=brown
| |
| − | |seed shape=rough-ridged;hemispheric
| |
| − | |seed some measurement=3
| |
| − | |sepal coloration=greenish white
| |
| − | |sepal quantity=4
| |
| − | |stamen quantity=55;110
| |
| − | |stem pubescence=glabrous
| |
| − | |stem some measurement=75cm;250cm
| |
| − | |stigma width=0.5
| |
| − | |style height or length or size=short
| |
| − | |style width=thick
| |
| − | |surface pubescence=pubescent;glabrous
| |
| − | |terminal; segment leaflet length=6cm;15cm
| |
| − | |terminal; segment leaflet shape=3-lobed;ovate;obovate
| |
| − | |terminal; segment leaflet width=6cm;16.5cm
| |
| − | |vein orientation=arising
| |
| − | |vein prominence=prominent
| |
| − | |vein quantity=3
| |
| | }}<!-- | | }}<!-- |
| | | | |
| | -->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Cimicifuga]] | | -->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Cimicifuga]] |
Stems 75-250 cm, glabrous. Leaves: petiole angled or ± terete, 15-60 cm, usually not grooved abaxially, glabrous. Leaf blade 2-3-ternately compound; leaflets 20-70; terminal leaflet of central segment ovate to obovate, 3-lobed, 6-15 × 6-16.5 cm, with 3 prominent veins arising basally, base somewhat cuneate to somewhat cordate, margins dentate to deeply dentate-serrate or incised, apex acute to acuminate, surfaces glabrous, abaxially rarely pubescent on veins; other leaflets 4-12 × 3-8 cm. Inflorescences erect panicles of 4-9 wandlike, racemelike branches, 10-60 cm, distally pubescent; bracts 1, subtending pedicel, subulate, 3-4 mm; pedicel 4-10 mm, pubescent, bracteoles absent. Flowers: sepals 4, greenish white; petals (1-)4(-8), white, oblong, ca. 3 mm, clawed; nectary basal; stamens 55-110; filaments 5-10 mm; pistils 1(-2), sessile, ± pubescent; style short, thick; stigma 0.5 mm wide. Follicles 1, sessile, ovoid, ± laterally compressed, 5-10 mm, thick walled. Seeds brown, hemispheric, 3 mm, smooth or ± rough-ridged, without scales. 2n = 16.
Phenology: Flowering summer (Jun–Sep).
Habitat: Moist, mixed deciduous forests, wooded slopes, ravines, creek margins, thickets, moist meadowlands, forest margins, and especially mountainous terrain
Elevation: 0-1500 m
Distribution
Ont., Ala., Ark., Conn., Del., D.C., Ga., Ill., Ind., Ky., Md., Mass., Mo., N.J., N.Y., N.C., Ohio, Pa., S.C., Tenn., Va., W.Va.
Discussion
Maine and Vermont specimens probably were planted originally.
Several varieties (A. Gray et al. 1878-1897, vol. 1(1,1), pp. 53-55) or forms (M. L. Fernald 1950) have been named. Specimens with extremely dissected leaves from Connecticut to Delaware and Virginia have been called Cimicifuga racemosa var. dissecta A. Gray, or C. racemosa forma dissecta (A. Gray) Fernald. Of the approximately 2500 specimens of C. racemosa examined, only twelve represent var. dissecta, and only two of those have flowers or fruits. Because of the limited knowledge concerning the dissected-leaf form, and because plants similar to those referred to by Gray and Fernald have not been collected in this century, the form is of uncertain taxonomic significance. Further study is needed.
Native Americans used infusions of plants of Cimicifuga racemosa medicinally to stimulate menstruation, to treat rheumatic pains, coughs and colds, constipation, and kidney trouble, to make babies sleep, and to promote milk flow in women (D. E. Moerman 1986).
Selected References
None.
