Difference between revisions of "Tsuga heterophylla"
Silva 12: 73, plate 605. 1898.
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| − | --><span class="statement" id="st- | + | --><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Trees </b>to 50m; trunk to 2m diam.; crown narrowly conic. <b>Bark</b> gray-brown, scaly and moderately fissured. <b>Twigs</b> yellow-brown, finely pubescent. <b>Buds</b> ovoid, gray-brown, 2.5–3.5mm. <b>Leaves</b> (5–)10–20(–30)mm, mostly appearing 2-ranked, flattened; abaxial surface glaucous with 2 broad, conspicuous stomatal bands, adaxial surface shiny green (yellow-green); margins minutely dentate. <b>Seed</b> cones ovoid, (1–)1.5–2.5(–3) × 1–2.5cm; scales ovate, 8–15 × 6–10mm, apex round to pointed. <b>2n</b> =24.</span><!-- |
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|publication year=1898 | |publication year=1898 | ||
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|genus=Tsuga | |genus=Tsuga | ||
|species=Tsuga heterophylla | |species=Tsuga heterophylla | ||
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Revision as of 13:19, 27 July 2019
Trees to 50m; trunk to 2m diam.; crown narrowly conic. Bark gray-brown, scaly and moderately fissured. Twigs yellow-brown, finely pubescent. Buds ovoid, gray-brown, 2.5–3.5mm. Leaves (5–)10–20(–30)mm, mostly appearing 2-ranked, flattened; abaxial surface glaucous with 2 broad, conspicuous stomatal bands, adaxial surface shiny green (yellow-green); margins minutely dentate. Seed cones ovoid, (1–)1.5–2.5(–3) × 1–2.5cm; scales ovate, 8–15 × 6–10mm, apex round to pointed. 2n =24.
Habitat: Coastal to midmontane forests
Elevation: 0–1500m
Distribution
Alta., B.C., Alaska, Calif., Idaho, Mont., Oreg., Wash.
Discussion
Tsuga heterophylla is a dominant species over much of its broad distributional range. It has become the most important timber hemlock in North America. The wood is superior to that of other hemlocks for building purposes and it makes excellent pulp for paper production.
Tsuga × jeffreyi (Henry) Henry was described from southwestern British Columbia and western Washington as a hybrid between T. heterophylla and T. mertensiana. Hybridization is rare, if it occurs at all, and it is therefore of little consequence (R.J. Taylor 1972). At the upper elevational limits of its distribution and under stressful conditions, T. heterophylla tends to resemble T. mertensiana, e.g., leaves are less strictly 2-ranked and stomatal bands on the abaxial leaf surfaces are less conspicuous than at lower elevations.
Western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla) is the state tree of Washington.
Selected References
None.