familyPinaceae
genusPicea
speciesPicea mariana

Difference between revisions of "Picea mariana"

(Miller) Britton

Prelim. Cat. 71. 1888.

Ronald J. Taylor
Common names: Black spruce épinette noire
Endemic
Basionym: Abies mariana Miller Gard. Dict. ed. 8, Abies no. 5. 1768
Synonyms: Picea brevifolia Peck Picea mariana var. brevifolia (Peck) Rehder Picea nigra Aiton Pinus nigra
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 2.
FNA>Volume Importer
 
m (Fixed Nfld. and Labr. distribution to match printed version.)
 
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}}
 
|common_names=Black spruce;épinette noire
 
|common_names=Black spruce;épinette noire
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|basionyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
+
|special_status={{Treatment/ID/Special_status
 +
|code=E
 +
|label=Endemic
 +
}}
 +
|basionyms={{Treatment/ID/Basionym
 
|name=Abies mariana
 
|name=Abies mariana
 
|authority=Miller
 
|authority=Miller
 +
|rank=species
 +
|publication_title=Gard. Dict. ed.
 +
|publication_place=8, Abies no. 5. 1768
 
}}
 
}}
 
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
 
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
 
|name=Picea brevifolia
 
|name=Picea brevifolia
 
|authority=Peck
 
|authority=Peck
−
}}{{Treatment/ID/Synonym
+
|rank=species
 +
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
 
|name=Picea mariana var. brevifolia
 
|name=Picea mariana var. brevifolia
 
|authority=(Peck) Rehder
 
|authority=(Peck) Rehder
−
}}{{Treatment/ID/Synonym
+
|rank=variety
 +
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
 
|name=Picea nigra
 
|name=Picea nigra
 
|authority=Aiton
 
|authority=Aiton
−
}}{{Treatment/ID/Synonym
+
|rank=species
 +
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
 
|name=Pinus nigra
 
|name=Pinus nigra
−
|authority=unknown
+
|authority=
 +
|rank=species
 
}}
 
}}
 
|hierarchy=Pinaceae;Picea;Picea mariana
 
|hierarchy=Pinaceae;Picea;Picea mariana
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}}<!--
 
}}<!--
  
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--><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="tree some measurement"><b>Trees </b>to 25m (often shrublike);</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="trunk diameter">trunk to 0.25m diam.;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="crown shape;crown shape;crown shape">crown narrowly conic to spirelike.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="bark coloration"><b>Bark </b>gray-brown.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="branch height or length or size;branch orientation;branch architecture"><b>Branches </b>short and drooping, frequently layering;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="twig orientation;twig size;twig coloration;twig pubescence">twigs not pendent, rather slender, yellowbrown, pubescent.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="bud coloration;bud some measurement;apex shape"><b>Buds </b>gray-brown, ca. 3mm, apex acute.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="leaf atypical some measurement;leaf some measurement;leaf shape;leaf texture;leaf coloration;leaf pubescence;apex architecture"><b>Leaves </b>0.6–1.5 (–2) cm, 4-angled in cross-section, rigid, pale blue-green, glaucous, bearing stomates on all surfaces, apex mostly blunt-tipped.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="seed-cone atypical distance;seed-cone distance"><b>Seed-</b>cones 1.5–2.5 (–3.5) cm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="scale shape;scale width;scale length;scale width;scale texture;apex shape">scales fan-shaped, broadest near apex, 8–12 × 8–12mm, rigid, margin at apex irregularly toothed.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="2n chromosome count">2n =24.</span><!--
+
--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Trees </b>to 25m (often shrublike); trunk to 0.25m diam.; crown narrowly conic to spirelike. <b>Bark</b> gray-brown. <b>Branches</b> short and drooping, frequently layering; twigs not pendent, rather slender, yellow-brown, pubescent. <b>Buds</b> gray-brown, ca. 3mm, apex acute. <b>Leaves</b> 0.6–1.5(–2)cm, 4-angled in cross section, rigid, pale blue-green, glaucous, bearing stomates on all surfaces, apex mostly blunt-tipped. <b>Seed</b> cones 1.5–2.5(–3.5)cm; scales fan-shaped, broadest near apex, 8–12 × 8–12mm, rigid, margin at apex irregularly toothed. <b>2n</b> =24.</span><!--
  
 
-->{{Treatment/Body
 
-->{{Treatment/Body
 
|habitat=Muskegs, bogs, bottomlands, dry peatlands
 
|habitat=Muskegs, bogs, bottomlands, dry peatlands
 
|elevation=0–1500m
 
|elevation=0–1500m
−
|distribution=St. Pierre and Miquelon;Alta.;B.C.;Man.;N.B.;Nfld.;N.W.T.;N.S.;Ont.;P.E.I.;Que.;Sask.;Yukon;Alaska;Conn.;Maine;Mass.;Mich.;Minn.;N.H.;N.J.;N.Y.;Pa.;R.I.;Vt.;Wis.
+
|distribution=St. Pierre and Miquelon;Alta.;B.C.;Man.;N.B.;Nfld. and Labr.;N.W.T.;N.S.;Nunavut;Ont.;P.E.I.;Que.;Sask.;Yukon;Alaska;Conn.;Maine;Mass.;Mich.;Minn.;N.H.;N.J.;N.Y.;Pa.;R.I.;Vt.;Wis.
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|discussion=<p>To a limited extent, Picea mariana hybridizes with P. rubens, e.g., on disturbed sites in eastern Canada. Natural hybridization with P. glauca, though reported, remains unverified (A.G. Gordon 1976).</p><!--
+
|discussion=<p>To a limited extent, <i>Picea mariana</i> hybridizes with <i>P. rubens</i>, e.g., on disturbed sites in eastern Canada. Natural hybridization with <i>P. glauca</i>, though reported, remains unverified (A.G. Gordon 1976).</p><!--
−
--><p>Because Picea mariana is a small tree, it has limited commercial value. Frequently it is harvested with P. glauca and used for pulp.</p><!--
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--><p>Because <i>Picea mariana</i> is a small tree, it has limited commercial value. Frequently it is harvested with <i>P. glauca</i> and used for pulp.</p><!--
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--><p>Black spruce (Picea mariana) is the provincial tree of Newfoundland.</p>
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--><p>Black spruce (<i>Picea mariana</i>) is the provincial tree of Newfoundland.</p>
 
|tables=
 
|tables=
 
|references={{Treatment/Reference
 
|references={{Treatment/Reference
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-->{{#Taxon:
 
-->{{#Taxon:
 
name=Picea mariana
 
name=Picea mariana
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|author=
 
 
|authority=(Miller) Britton
 
|authority=(Miller) Britton
 
|rank=species
 
|rank=species
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|habitat=Muskegs, bogs, bottomlands, dry peatlands
 
|habitat=Muskegs, bogs, bottomlands, dry peatlands
 
|elevation=0–1500m
 
|elevation=0–1500m
−
|distribution=St. Pierre and Miquelon;Alta.;B.C.;Man.;N.B.;Nfld.;N.W.T.;N.S.;Ont.;P.E.I.;Que.;Sask.;Yukon;Alaska;Conn.;Maine;Mass.;Mich.;Minn.;N.H.;N.J.;N.Y.;Pa.;R.I.;Vt.;Wis.
+
|distribution=St. Pierre and Miquelon;Alta.;B.C.;Man.;N.B.;Nfld. and Labr.;N.W.T.;N.S.;Nunavut;Ont.;P.E.I.;Que.;Sask.;Yukon;Alaska;Conn.;Maine;Mass.;Mich.;Minn.;N.H.;N.J.;N.Y.;Pa.;R.I.;Vt.;Wis.
 
|reference=little1958a;morgenstern1964a
 
|reference=little1958a;morgenstern1964a
 
|publication title=Prelim. Cat.
 
|publication title=Prelim. Cat.
 
|publication year=1888
 
|publication year=1888
−
|special status=
+
|special status=Endemic
−
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/287ef3db526bd807d435a3c7423ef2df1e951227/V2/V2_284.xml
+
|source xml=https://bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation/src/2e0870ddd59836b60bcf96646a41e87ea5a5943a/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V2/V2_284.xml
 
|genus=Picea
 
|genus=Picea
 
|species=Picea mariana
 
|species=Picea mariana
−
|2n chromosome count=24
 
−
|apex architecture=blunt-tipped
 
−
|apex shape=toothed;acute
 
−
|bark coloration=gray-brown
 
−
|branch architecture=layering
 
−
|branch height or length or size=short
 
−
|branch orientation=drooping
 
−
|bud coloration=gray-brown
 
−
|bud some measurement=3
 
−
|crown shape=narrowly conic;spirelike
 
−
|leaf atypical some measurement=1.5cm;2cm
 
−
|leaf coloration=pale blue-green
 
−
|leaf pubescence=glaucous
 
−
|leaf shape=4-angled
 
−
|leaf some measurement=0.6cm;1.5cm
 
−
|leaf texture=rigid
 
−
|scale length=8mm;12mm
 
−
|scale shape=fan-shaped
 
−
|scale texture=rigid
 
−
|scale width=8mm;12mm
 
−
|seed-cone atypical distance=2.5cm;3.5cm
 
−
|seed-cone distance=1.5cm;2.5cm
 
−
|tree some measurement=0m;25m
 
−
|trunk diameter=0m;0.25m
 
−
|twig coloration=yellowbrown
 
−
|twig orientation=not pendent
 
−
|twig pubescence=pubescent
 
−
|twig size=slender
 
 
}}<!--
 
}}<!--
  
 
-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Picea]]
 
-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Picea]]

Latest revision as of 21:24, 20 February 2024

Trees to 25m (often shrublike); trunk to 0.25m diam.; crown narrowly conic to spirelike. Bark gray-brown. Branches short and drooping, frequently layering; twigs not pendent, rather slender, yellow-brown, pubescent. Buds gray-brown, ca. 3mm, apex acute. Leaves 0.6–1.5(–2)cm, 4-angled in cross section, rigid, pale blue-green, glaucous, bearing stomates on all surfaces, apex mostly blunt-tipped. Seed cones 1.5–2.5(–3.5)cm; scales fan-shaped, broadest near apex, 8–12 × 8–12mm, rigid, margin at apex irregularly toothed. 2n =24.


Habitat: Muskegs, bogs, bottomlands, dry peatlands
Elevation: 0–1500m

Distribution

V2 284-distribution-map.gif

St. Pierre and Miquelon, Alta., B.C., Man., N.B., Nfld. and Labr., N.W.T., N.S., Nunavut, Ont., P.E.I., Que., Sask., Yukon, Alaska, Conn., Maine, Mass., Mich., Minn., N.H., N.J., N.Y., Pa., R.I., Vt., Wis.

Discussion

To a limited extent, Picea mariana hybridizes with P. rubens, e.g., on disturbed sites in eastern Canada. Natural hybridization with P. glauca, though reported, remains unverified (A.G. Gordon 1976).

Because Picea mariana is a small tree, it has limited commercial value. Frequently it is harvested with P. glauca and used for pulp.

Black spruce (Picea mariana) is the provincial tree of Newfoundland.

Selected References

Little, E. L. Jr. and S.S. Pauley. 1958. A natural hybrid between black and white spruce in Minnesota. Amer. Midl. Naturalist 60: 202--211.

Morgenstern, E.K. and J.L. Farrar. 1964. Introgressive Hybridization in Red Spruce and Black Spruce. [Toronto.] [Univ. Toronto, Fac. Forest., Techn. Rep. 4.]

Lower Taxa

None.
... more about "Picea mariana"
RDF feed
Author
Ronald J. Taylor +
Authority
(Miller) Britton +
Basionyms
Abies mariana +
Common name
Black spruce +  and épinette noire +
Distribution
St. Pierre and Miquelon +, Alta. +, B.C. +, Man. +, N.B. +, Nfld. and Labr. +, N.W.T. +, N.S. +, Nunavut +, Ont. +, P.E.I. +, Que. +, Sask. +, Yukon +, Alaska +, Conn. +, Maine +, Mass. +, Mich. +, Minn. +, N.H. +, N.J. +, N.Y. +, Pa. +, R.I. +, Vt. +  and Wis. +
Elevation
0–1500m +
Habitat
Muskegs, bogs, bottomlands, dry peatlands +
Illustration copyright
Flora of North America Association +
Illustrator
John Myers +
Number of lower taxa
0 +
Publication title
Prelim. Cat. +
Publication year
1888 +
Reference
little1958a +  and morgenstern1964a +
Source xml
https://bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation/src/2e0870ddd59836b60bcf96646a41e87ea5a5943a/coarse grained fna xml/V2/V2 284.xml +
Special status
Endemic +
Synonyms
Picea brevifolia +, Picea mariana var. brevifolia +, Picea nigra +  and Pinus nigra +
Taxon family
Pinaceae +
Taxon name
Picea mariana +
Taxon parent
Picea +
Taxon rank
species +
Volume
Volume 2 +