Difference between revisions of "Piptatherum miliaceum"
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|common_names=Smilo grass | |common_names=Smilo grass | ||
| + | |special_status={{Treatment/ID/Special_status | ||
| + | |code=I | ||
| + | |label=Introduced | ||
| + | }} | ||
|basionyms= | |basionyms= | ||
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym | |synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym | ||
|name=Oryzopsis miliacea | |name=Oryzopsis miliacea | ||
| − | |authority= | + | |authority= |
| + | |rank=species | ||
}} | }} | ||
|hierarchy=Poaceae;Poaceae subfam. Pooideae;Poaceae tribe Stipeae;Piptatherum;Piptatherum miliaceum | |hierarchy=Poaceae;Poaceae subfam. Pooideae;Poaceae tribe Stipeae;Piptatherum;Piptatherum miliaceum | ||
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-->{{#Taxon: | -->{{#Taxon: | ||
name=Piptatherum miliaceum | name=Piptatherum miliaceum | ||
| − | |||
|authority=(L.) Coss. | |authority=(L.) Coss. | ||
|rank=species | |rank=species | ||
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|basionyms= | |basionyms= | ||
|family=Poaceae | |family=Poaceae | ||
| + | |illustrator=Cindy Roché;Hana Pazdírková | ||
| + | |illustration copyright=Utah State University | ||
|distribution=Md.;N.J.;Utah;Calif.;Pa.;Ariz.;Idaho;Nev. | |distribution=Md.;N.J.;Utah;Calif.;Pa.;Ariz.;Idaho;Nev. | ||
|reference=None | |reference=None | ||
|publication title= | |publication title= | ||
|publication year= | |publication year= | ||
| − | |special status= | + | |special status=Introduced |
| − | |source xml=https:// | + | |source xml=https://bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation/src/200273ad09963decb8fc72550212de541d86569d/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V24/V24_202.xml |
|subfamily=Poaceae subfam. Pooideae | |subfamily=Poaceae subfam. Pooideae | ||
|tribe=Poaceae tribe Stipeae | |tribe=Poaceae tribe Stipeae | ||
Latest revision as of 16:22, 11 May 2021
Plants loosely cespitose, not rhizomatous. Culms 40-150 cm, glabrous, often branching at the lower cauline nodes; basal branching extravaginal. Leaves not basally concentrated; sheaths glabrous, persistent; ligules of lower leaves 0.5-1.5 mm, truncate; ligules of upper leaves 1.5-4 mm, rounded to sharply acute; blades 5-30 cm long, 2-10 mm wide, flat, smooth on both surfaces. Panicles 10-40 cm, lax, lower nodes either with 3-7 branches bearing 10-40 functional spikelets, or with 15-30+ branches with no functional spikelets; primary branches spreading to ascending; lower branches 3-8 cm; secondary branches diverging from the primary branches. Glumes 2.5-3.5 mm, acuminate, 3-veined; florets 1.5-2 mm, dorsally compressed; calluses about 0.3 mm, glabrous, disarticulation scars circular; lemmas stiffly membranous, glabrous, margins fused at the base, not overlapping, light brown at maturity; awns 3-4 mm; anthers 2-2.5 mm, penicillate; ovaries rounded, bearing two styles. Caryopses 1.5-1.7 mm long, about 0.8 mm thick; hila linear, about 1/2 as long as the caryopses. 2n = 24.
Distribution
Md., N.J., Utah, Calif., Pa., Ariz., Idaho, Nev.
Discussion
Piptatherum miliaceum is a Eurasian introduction that is now established in several parts of the world. In its native range it grows, often as a common species, primarily in disturbed areas, wadis, and oases, penetrating into the semidesert regions of northern Africa and western Asia. It is used as a fodder plant in northern Africa. Within the Flora region, P. miliaceum is known from Arizona and California, growing in disturbed sites. It has also been found on a ballast dump in Maryland.
Selected References
None.
Key
| 1 | Panicle branches loosely whorled, lower nodes with 3-7 branches, all spikelet-bearing | Piptatherum miliaceum subsp. miliaceum |
| 1 | Panicle branches densely whorled, lower nodes with 15-30+ branches, some with highly reduced or no spikelets | Piptatherum miliaceum subsp. thomasii |