Difference between revisions of "Opuntia engelmannii"

Salm-Dyck ex Engelmann

Boston J. Nat. Hist. 6: 207. 1850.

Common names: Engelmann’s pricklypear cactus apple
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 4. Treatment on page 135. Mentioned on page 126, 128, 134, 136, 139, 141.
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--><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="shrub orientation;shrub growth form or orientation;shrub some measurement;tree orientation;tree growth form or orientation;tree some measurement;trunk height or length or size"><b>Shrubs </b>or trees, with short trunk, spreading to sometimes decumbent, 1–3 m.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="stem segment architecture;stem segment coloration;stem segment coloration;stem segment coloration;stem segment shape;stem segment shape;stem segment shape;stem segment shape;stem segment shape;apex shape;apex shape;apex atypical length;apex length;apex width;apex relief;apex pubescence;apex pubescence"><b>Stem </b>segments not disarticulating, yellow-green to blue-green, flattened, circular to obovate to rhombic, or apex tapering, elongate, 15–40 (–120) × 10–40 cm, ± tuberculate, glabrous, often glaucous;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="areole count;areole arrangement;areole shape;areole shape;areole shape;areole length;areole width;stem segment count">areoles 5–8 per diagonal row across midstem segments, evenly distributed on stem segment to absent, subcircular to obovate, 4–7 × 4–6 mm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="wool coloration;wool life cycle;wool coloration">wool tawny, aging blackish.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="spine atypical count;spine atypical count;spine count;spine coloration;spine coloration;spine coloration;spine coloration;spine coloration;spine coloration;spine coloration;spine coloration;spine coloration;spine coloration;spine coloration;spine coloration;spine coloration;spine coloration;spine shape;spine course;spine course;spine course;spine shape;spine shape;spine shape;spine orientation;spine orientation;spine orientation;spine orientation;spine atypical some measurement;spine some measurement"><b>Spines </b>(0–) 1–6 (–12) per areole, white to yellow, usually red to dark-brown at extreme bases, aging gray to ± black, subulate, straight to curved, flattened to angular at least near base, the longest spreading to strongly reflexed, 10–30 (–50) mm.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="glochid arrangement;glochid count or density;glochid arrangement;glochid coloration;glochid coloration;glochid coloration;glochid coloration;glochid coloration;glochid coloration;glochid coloration;glochid some measurement"><b>Glochids </b>widely spaced, sparse in crescent at adaxial edge, encircling areole or nearly so, and scattered in subapical tuft, yellow to redbrown, aging gray to blackish, of irregular lengths, to 10 mm.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="inner tepal coloration;inner tepal coloration;inner tepal coloration;inner tepal coloration;inner tepal coloration;inner tepal coloration;inner tepal coloration;inner tepal some measurement"><b>Flowers:</b> inner tepals uniformly yellow to buff, sometimes orange to pink to red (rarely whitish), 30–40 mm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="style coloration;style coloration;style coloration">filaments, anthers, and style whitish to cream;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="stigma lobe coloration;stigma lobe coloration;stigma lobe coloration">stigma lobes yellow-green to green.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="fruit coloration;fruit coloration;fruit coloration;fruit architecture;fruit shape;fruit shape;fruit shape;fruit length;fruit width;fruit texture;fruit pubescence;fruit architecture"><b>Fruits </b>dark red to purple throughout, sometimes stipitate, ovate-elongate to barrel-shaped, 35–90 × 20–40 mm, juicy (bleeding and staining), glabrous, spineless;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="areole count">areoles 20–32 usually toward apex.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="seed coloration;seed coloration;seed coloration;seed shape;seed shape;seed shape;seed shape;seed length;seed width"><b>Seeds </b>tan to grayish, subcircular to deltoid, flattened, 2.5–6 × 2–5 mm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="girdle prominence;girdle some measurement">girdle protruding 0.3–0.5 mm.</span><!--
+
--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Shrubs </b>or trees, with short trunk, spreading to sometimes decumbent, 1–3 m. <b>Stem</b> segments not disarticulating, yellow-green to blue-green, flattened, circular to obovate to rhombic, or apex tapering, elongate, 15–40(–120) × 10–40 cm, ± tuberculate, glabrous, often glaucous; areoles 5–8 per diagonal row across mid-stem segments, evenly distributed on stem segment to absent, subcircular to obovate, 4–7 × 4–6 mm; wool tawny, aging blackish. <b>Spines</b> (0–)1–6(–12) per areole, white to yellow, usually red to dark brown at extreme bases, aging gray to ± black, subulate, straight to curved, flattened to angular at least near base, the longest spreading to strongly reflexed, 10–30(–50) mm. <b>Glochids</b> widely spaced, sparse in crescent at adaxial edge, encircling areole or nearly so, and scattered in subapical tuft, yellow to red-brown, aging gray to blackish, of irregular lengths, to 10 mm. <b>Flowers</b>: inner tepals uniformly yellow to buff, sometimes orange to pink to red (rarely whitish), 30–40 mm; filaments, anthers, and style whitish to cream; stigma lobes yellow-green to green. <b>Fruits</b> dark red to purple throughout, sometimes stipitate, ovate-elongate to barrel-shaped, 35–90 × 20–40 mm, juicy (bleeding and staining), glabrous, spineless; areoles 20–32 usually toward apex. <b>Seeds</b> tan to grayish, subcircular to deltoid, flattened, 2.5–6 × 2–5 mm; girdle protruding 0.3–0.5 mm.</span><!--
  
 
-->{{Treatment/Body
 
-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=sc and sw United States;n Mexico.
+
|distribution=Ariz.;Calif.;La.;N.Mex.;Nev.;Tex.;Utah;n Mexico.
 
|discussion=<p>Varieties 5 (5 in the flora).</p><!--
 
|discussion=<p>Varieties 5 (5 in the flora).</p><!--
--><p>The basal portions of stems seedlings of Opuntia engelmannii bear long hairlike spines.</p><!--
+
--><p>The basal portions of stems seedlings of <i>Opuntia engelmannii</i> bear long hairlike spines.</p><!--
--><p>The name Opuntia dillei Griffiths has been used for a spineless or nearly spineless morphotype of O. engelmannii.</p>
+
--><p>The name <i>Opuntia</i> dillei Griffiths has been used for a spineless or nearly spineless morphotype of <i>O. engelmannii</i>.</p>
 
|tables=
 
|tables=
 
|references=
 
|references=
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-->{{#Taxon:
 
-->{{#Taxon:
 
name=Opuntia engelmannii
 
name=Opuntia engelmannii
|author=
 
 
|authority=Salm-Dyck ex Engelmann
 
|authority=Salm-Dyck ex Engelmann
 
|rank=species
 
|rank=species
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|basionyms=
 
|basionyms=
 
|family=Cactaceae
 
|family=Cactaceae
|distribution=sc and sw United States;n Mexico.
+
|distribution=Ariz.;Calif.;La.;N.Mex.;Nev.;Tex.;Utah;n Mexico.
 
|reference=None
 
|reference=None
 
|publication title=Boston J. Nat. Hist.
 
|publication title=Boston J. Nat. Hist.
 
|publication year=1850
 
|publication year=1850
 
|special status=
 
|special status=
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/287ef3db526bd807d435a3c7423ef2df1e951227/V4/V4_252.xml
+
|source xml=https://bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation/src/2e0870ddd59836b60bcf96646a41e87ea5a5943a/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V4/V4_252.xml
 
|subfamily=Cactaceae subfam. Opuntioideae
 
|subfamily=Cactaceae subfam. Opuntioideae
 
|genus=Opuntia
 
|genus=Opuntia
 
|species=Opuntia engelmannii
 
|species=Opuntia engelmannii
|apex atypical length=40cm;120cm
 
|apex length=15cm;40cm
 
|apex pubescence=glaucous;glabrous
 
|apex relief=tuberculate
 
|apex shape=elongate;tapering
 
|apex width=10cm;40cm
 
|areole arrangement=distributed
 
|areole count=20;32
 
|areole length=4mm;7mm
 
|areole shape=subcircular;obovate
 
|areole width=4mm;6mm
 
|fruit architecture=spineless;stipitate
 
|fruit coloration=dark red;purple
 
|fruit length=35mm;90mm
 
|fruit pubescence=glabrous
 
|fruit shape=ovate-elongate;barrel-shaped
 
|fruit texture=juicy
 
|fruit width=20mm;40mm
 
|girdle prominence=protruding
 
|girdle some measurement=0.3mm;0.5mm
 
|glochid arrangement=scattered;spaced
 
|glochid coloration=gray;blackish
 
|glochid count or density=sparse
 
|glochid some measurement=0mm;10mm
 
|inner tepal coloration=orange;pink
 
|inner tepal some measurement=30mm;40mm
 
|seed coloration=tan;grayish
 
|seed length=2.5mm;6mm
 
|seed shape=flattened;subcircular;deltoid
 
|seed width=2mm;5mm
 
|shrub growth form or orientation=decumbent
 
|shrub orientation=spreading to sometimes
 
|shrub some measurement=1m;3m
 
|spine atypical count=6;12
 
|spine atypical some measurement=30mm;50mm
 
|spine coloration=gray;more or less black
 
|spine count=1;6
 
|spine course=straight;curved
 
|spine orientation=spreading;strongly reflexed
 
|spine shape=flattened;angular
 
|spine some measurement=10mm;30mm
 
|stem segment architecture=not disarticulating
 
|stem segment coloration=yellow-green;blue-green
 
|stem segment count=absent
 
|stem segment shape=circular;obovate
 
|stigma lobe coloration=yellow-green;green
 
|style coloration=whitish;cream
 
|tree growth form or orientation=decumbent
 
|tree orientation=spreading to sometimes
 
|tree some measurement=1m;3m
 
|trunk height or length or size=short
 
|wool coloration=blackish;tawny
 
|wool life cycle=aging
 
 
}}<!--
 
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-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Opuntia]]
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 +
[[Category:Treatment]]
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[[Category:Opuntia]]
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[[Category:Revised Since Print]]

Latest revision as of 17:02, 6 November 2020

Shrubs or trees, with short trunk, spreading to sometimes decumbent, 1–3 m. Stem segments not disarticulating, yellow-green to blue-green, flattened, circular to obovate to rhombic, or apex tapering, elongate, 15–40(–120) × 10–40 cm, ± tuberculate, glabrous, often glaucous; areoles 5–8 per diagonal row across mid-stem segments, evenly distributed on stem segment to absent, subcircular to obovate, 4–7 × 4–6 mm; wool tawny, aging blackish. Spines (0–)1–6(–12) per areole, white to yellow, usually red to dark brown at extreme bases, aging gray to ± black, subulate, straight to curved, flattened to angular at least near base, the longest spreading to strongly reflexed, 10–30(–50) mm. Glochids widely spaced, sparse in crescent at adaxial edge, encircling areole or nearly so, and scattered in subapical tuft, yellow to red-brown, aging gray to blackish, of irregular lengths, to 10 mm. Flowers: inner tepals uniformly yellow to buff, sometimes orange to pink to red (rarely whitish), 30–40 mm; filaments, anthers, and style whitish to cream; stigma lobes yellow-green to green. Fruits dark red to purple throughout, sometimes stipitate, ovate-elongate to barrel-shaped, 35–90 × 20–40 mm, juicy (bleeding and staining), glabrous, spineless; areoles 20–32 usually toward apex. Seeds tan to grayish, subcircular to deltoid, flattened, 2.5–6 × 2–5 mm; girdle protruding 0.3–0.5 mm.

Distribution

V4 252-distribution-map.gif

Ariz., Calif., La., N.Mex., Nev., Tex., Utah, n Mexico.

Discussion

Varieties 5 (5 in the flora).

The basal portions of stems seedlings of Opuntia engelmannii bear long hairlike spines.

The name Opuntia dillei Griffiths has been used for a spineless or nearly spineless morphotype of O. engelmannii.

Selected References

None.

Key

1 Stem segments becoming very elongate, 2+ times longer than wide, lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, often falcate Opuntia engelmannii var. linguiformis
1 Stem segments to 1.5 times longer than wide, commonly circular to obovate to rhomboid > 2
2 Spines chalky white, yellow when wetted, with dark red-brown extreme bases. Opuntia engelmannii var. engelmannii
2 Spines pale to dark yellow, not chalky white, at times with red-brown extreme bases > 3
3 Stem segments with spines straight or slightly curving, spreading Opuntia engelmannii var. lindheim
3 Stem segments with spines strongly deflexed or arching downward near bases > 4
4 Spines arching downward near bases; sc Ari- zona Opuntia engelmannii var. flavispi
4 Spines strongly deflexed; s Texas. Opuntia engelmannii var. flexispi