Difference between revisions of "Saponaria"
Sp. Pl. 1: 408. 1753.
Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 191. 1754.
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|name=Spanizium | |name=Spanizium | ||
|authority=Grisebach | |authority=Grisebach | ||
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|hierarchy=Caryophyllaceae;Caryophyllaceae subfam. Caryophylloideae;Saponaria | |hierarchy=Caryophyllaceae;Caryophyllaceae subfam. Caryophylloideae;Saponaria | ||
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|distribution=Europe;c;w Asia;Africa (Mediterranean region);S. officinalis widely naturalized elsewhere. | |distribution=Europe;c;w Asia;Africa (Mediterranean region);S. officinalis widely naturalized elsewhere. | ||
| + | |introduced=true | ||
|discussion=<p>Species ca. 40 (2 in the flora).</p><!-- | |discussion=<p>Species ca. 40 (2 in the flora).</p><!-- | ||
--><p><i>Saponaria</i> pumilio (Linnaeus) Fenzl ex A. Braun [= <i>Silene</i> pumilio (Linnaeus) Wulfen], a species of the Alps and the Carpathians, was collected once from a ledge on Mount Washington, New Hampshire, in 1964; the collector, S. K. Harris (1965), suggested that it may have been an intentional planting. A cespitose plant, it differs from the two species below also in its one-flowered, rather than several-flowered, stems.</p> | --><p><i>Saponaria</i> pumilio (Linnaeus) Fenzl ex A. Braun [= <i>Silene</i> pumilio (Linnaeus) Wulfen], a species of the Alps and the Carpathians, was collected once from a ledge on Mount Washington, New Hampshire, in 1964; the collector, S. K. Harris (1965), suggested that it may have been an intentional planting. A cespitose plant, it differs from the two species below also in its one-flowered, rather than several-flowered, stems.</p> | ||
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|family=Caryophyllaceae | |family=Caryophyllaceae | ||
|illustrator=Barbara Alongi | |illustrator=Barbara Alongi | ||
| + | |illustration copyright=Flora of North America Association | ||
|distribution=Europe;c;w Asia;Africa (Mediterranean region);S. officinalis widely naturalized elsewhere. | |distribution=Europe;c;w Asia;Africa (Mediterranean region);S. officinalis widely naturalized elsewhere. | ||
|introduced=true | |introduced=true | ||
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|publication year=1753;1754 | |publication year=1753;1754 | ||
|special status= | |special status= | ||
| − | |source xml=https:// | + | |source xml=https://bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation/src/2e0870ddd59836b60bcf96646a41e87ea5a5943a/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V5/V5_319.xml |
|subfamily=Caryophyllaceae subfam. Caryophylloideae | |subfamily=Caryophyllaceae subfam. Caryophylloideae | ||
|genus=Saponaria | |genus=Saponaria | ||
Latest revision as of 22:10, 5 November 2020
Herbs, [annual, biennial, or] perennial. Rhizomes stout or slender. Stems erect to spreading, simple or branched, terete. Leaves connate proximally, petiolate or sessile; blade 3(–5)-veined, spatulate to elliptic or ovate, apex acute or rounded. Inflorescences terminal, dense to open, lax cymes; bracts paired, foliaceous; involucel bracteoles absent. Pedicels erect. Flowers: sepals connate proximally into tube, greenish, reddish, or purple, 7–25 mm, tube 15–25-veined, oblong-cylindric, terete, commissures between sepals absent; lobes green, reddish, or purple, 3–5-veined, triangular-attenuate, shorter than tube, margins white, scarious, apex acute or acuminate; petals 5 (doubled in some cultivars), pink to white, clawed, auricles absent, with 2 coronal scales, blade apex entire or emarginate; nectaries at filament bases; stamens 10, adnate with petals to carpophore; filaments briefly connate proximally; staminodes absent (present in some cultivars); ovary 1-locular; styles 2(–3), filiform, 12–15 mm, glabrous proximally; stigmas 2(–3), linear along adaxial surface of styles, papillate (30×). Capsules cylindric to ovoid, opening by 4(–6) ascending or recurving teeth; carpophore present. Seeds 15–75, dark brown, reniform, laterally compressed, papillose, marginal wing absent, appendage absent; embryo peripheral, curved. x = 7.
Distribution
Introduced; Europe, c, w Asia, Africa (Mediterranean region), S. officinalis widely naturalized elsewhere.
Discussion
Species ca. 40 (2 in the flora).
Saponaria pumilio (Linnaeus) Fenzl ex A. Braun [= Silene pumilio (Linnaeus) Wulfen], a species of the Alps and the Carpathians, was collected once from a ledge on Mount Washington, New Hampshire, in 1964; the collector, S. K. Harris (1965), suggested that it may have been an intentional planting. A cespitose plant, it differs from the two species below also in its one-flowered, rather than several-flowered, stems.
Selected References
Lower Taxa
Key
| 1 | Stems erect, 30-90 cm; calyx 15-25 mm, glabrous or rarely with scattered trichomes; capsules ca. 15-20 mm | Saponaria officinalis |
| 1 | Stems trailing, procumbent, or ascending, 5-25 cm; calyx 7-12 mm, glandular-pubescent; capsule 6-8 mm | Saponaria ocymoides |