Difference between revisions of "Malephora crocea"

Latest revision as of 21:57, 5 November 2020

Copyright: Flora of North America Association

Subshrubs. Stems light gray- brown, exterior fissured, barklike, to 2 cm diam., corky, becoming woody with age. Leaves crowded at end of short shoots, pale green, sometimes red tinged; blade triangular in cross section, 2.5–6(–12) × 0.6 cm, apex blunt, glaucous. Inflorescences terminal, flowers solitary; pedicel 1–6 cm. Flowers: calyx 0.8–1.5 cm; calyx lobes (4–)5(–6), 3 longer, with translucent margins, 2 shorter, apex acute; petals 40–65, purplish abaxially, orange adaxially, sometimes completely yellow, orange, or red, 4–12 mm; nectary present; stamens 2–5 mm; filaments connate basally, forming dense ring, white-hairy; ovary inferior. Capsules obcuneiform, 8(–12)-loculed; adaxial seed pockets with bifid placental tubercles. Seeds ca. 75, 3–15 per locule, 1 × 0.8 mm. 2n = 36.

Phenology: Flowering mostly spring–summer.
Habitat: Margins of coastal wetlands and bluffs
Elevation: 0-100 m

Introduced; Calif., Mexico (Baja California), Africa.

Discussion

Malephora crocea is grown as an ornamental and often sold as a ground cover for landscaping. It is cultivated along freeways as far north and inland as Fresno, California.

Two varieties of Malephora crocea have been recognized: var. crocea, with the adaxial surfaces of the petals orange and the abaxial surfaces purplish; and var. purpureocrocea (Haworth) H. Jacobsen & Schwantes, with petals purplish on both surfaces, which is grown for ornamental purposes and is not naturalized in the flora.

Selected References

Ferren, W. R. Jr., J. E. Bleck, and N. J. Vivrette. 1981. Malephora crocea (Aizoaceae) naturalized in California. Madroño 28: 80–85.

Lower Taxa

None.

@@ Line 8: / Line 8: @@
 }}
 |common_names=Crocea iceplant
-|basionyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
+|special_status={{Treatment/ID/Special_status
+|code=I
+|label=Introduced
+}}{{Treatment/ID/Special_status
+|code=F
+|label=Illustrated
+}}
+|basionyms={{Treatment/ID/Basionym
 |name=Mesembryanthemum croceum
 |authority=Jacquin
+|rank=species
+|publication_title=Fragm. Bot. ,
+|publication_place=17. 1800
 }}
 |synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
 |name=Crocanthus croceus
 |authority=(Jacquin) L. Bolus
-}}{{Treatment/ID/Synonym
+|rank=species
+}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
 |name=Hymenocyclus croceus
 |authority=(Jacquin) Schwantes
-}}{{Treatment/ID/Synonym
+|rank=species
+}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
 |name=Mesembryanthemum instititum
 |authority=Willdenow
+|rank=species
 }}
 |hierarchy=Aizoaceae;Malephora;Malephora crocea
@@ Line 29: / Line 42: @@
 }}<!--
---><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties=""><b>Subshrubs.</b></span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="stem coloration;stem coloration;exterior relief;exterior pubescence;exterior diameter;exterior pubescence or texture;exterior texture"><b>Stems </b>light gray brown, exterior fissured, barklike, to 2 cm diam., corky, becoming woody with age.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="leaf arrangement;leaf coloration;leaf coloration"><b>Leaves </b>crowded at end of short-shoots, pale green, sometimes red tinged;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="blade shape;blade atypical length;blade length;blade width;apex shape;apex pubescence">blade triangular in cross-section, 2.5–6 (–12) × 0.6 cm, apex blunt, glaucous.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="inflorescence position or structure subtype;flower architecture or arrangement or growth form"><b>Inflorescences </b>terminal, flowers solitary;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="pedicel some measurement">pedicel 1–6 cm.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="calyx some measurement"><b>Flowers:</b> calyx 0.8–1.5 cm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="calyx lobe atypical count;calyx lobe atypical count;calyx lobe count;calyx lobe count;calyx lobe length or size;calyx lobe height or length or size;margin coloration or reflectance;margin count;apex shape">calyx lobes (4–) 5 (–6), 3 longer, with translucent margins, 2 shorter, apex acute;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="petal count;petal coloration;petal coloration;petal coloration;petal coloration;petal coloration;petal coloration;petal coloration;petal some measurement">petals 40–65, purplish abaxially, orange adaxially, sometimes completely yellow, orange, or red, 4–12 mm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="nectary count">nectary present;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="stamen some measurement">stamens 2–5 mm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="filament fusion;filament pubescence;ring density">filaments connate basally, forming dense ring, white-hairy;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="ovary position">ovary inferior.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="capsule shape;capsule architecture"><b>Capsules </b>obcuneiform, 8 (–12) -loculed;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="placental architecture or shape;tubercle architecture or shape">adaxial seed pockets with bifid placental tubercles.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s15" data-properties="seed count;seed count;seed length;seed width;2n chromosome count"><b>Seeds </b>ca. 75, 3–15 per locule, 1 × 0.8 mm. <b>2n</b> = 36.</span><!--
+--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Subshrubs.</b> Stems light gray- brown, exterior fissured, barklike, to 2 cm diam., corky, becoming woody with age. <b>Leaves</b> crowded at end of short shoots, pale green, sometimes red tinged; blade triangular in cross section, 2.5–6(–12) × 0.6 cm, apex blunt, glaucous. <b>Inflorescences</b> terminal, flowers solitary; pedicel 1–6 cm. <b>Flowers</b>: calyx 0.8–1.5 cm; calyx lobes (4–)5(–6), 3 longer, with translucent margins, 2 shorter, apex acute; petals 40–65, purplish abaxially, orange adaxially, sometimes completely yellow, orange, or red, 4–12 mm; nectary present; stamens 2–5 mm; filaments connate basally, forming dense ring, white-hairy; ovary inferior. <b>Capsules</b> obcuneiform, 8(–12)-loculed; adaxial seed pockets with bifid placental tubercles. <b>Seeds</b> ca. 75, 3–15 per locule, 1 × 0.8 mm. <b>2n</b> = 36.</span><!--
 -->{{Treatment/Body
+|phenology=Flowering mostly spring–summer.
 |habitat=Margins of coastal wetlands and bluffs
 |elevation=0-100 m
 |distribution=Calif.;Mexico (Baja California);Africa.
-|discussion=<p>Malephora crocea is grown as an ornamental and often sold as a ground cover for landscaping. It is cultivated along freeways as far north and inland as Fresno, California.</p><!--
+|introduced=true
---><p>Two varieties of Malephora crocea have been recognized: var. crocea, with the adaxial surfaces of the petals orange and the abaxial surfaces purplish; and var. purpureocrocea (Haworth) H. Jacobsen & Schwantes, with petals purplish on both surfaces, which is grown for ornamental purposes and is not naturalized in the flora.</p>
+|discussion=<p><i>Malephora crocea</i> is grown as an ornamental and often sold as a ground cover for landscaping. It is cultivated along freeways as far north and inland as Fresno, California.</p><!--
+--><p>Two varieties of <i>Malephora crocea</i> have been recognized: <i></i>var.<i> crocea</i>, with the adaxial surfaces of the petals orange and the abaxial surfaces purplish; and var. purpureocrocea (Haworth) H. Jacobsen & Schwantes, with petals purplish on both surfaces, which is grown for ornamental purposes and is not naturalized in the flora.</p>
 |tables=
 |references={{Treatment/Reference
@@ Line 48: / Line 63: @@
 -->{{#Taxon:
 name=Malephora crocea
-|author=
 |authority=(Jacquin) Schwantes
 |rank=species
@@ Line 55: / Line 69: @@
 |basionyms=Mesembryanthemum croceum
 |family=Aizoaceae
+|phenology=Flowering mostly spring–summer.
 |habitat=Margins of coastal wetlands and bluffs
 |elevation=0-100 m
 |distribution=Calif.;Mexico (Baja California);Africa.
+|introduced=true
 |reference=ferren1981a
 |publication title=Deutsche Gärt.-Zeitung
 |publication year=1928
-|special status=
+|special status=Introduced;Illustrated
-|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/287ef3db526bd807d435a3c7423ef2df1e951227/V4/V4_183.xml
+|source xml=https://bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation/src/2e0870ddd59836b60bcf96646a41e87ea5a5943a/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V4/V4_183.xml
 |genus=Malephora
 |species=Malephora crocea
-|2n chromosome count=36
-|apex pubescence=glaucous
-|apex shape=acute;blunt
-|blade atypical length=6cm;12cm
-|blade length=2.5cm;6cm
-|blade shape=triangular
-|blade width=0.6
-|calyx lobe atypical count=5;6
-|calyx lobe count=3;5
-|calyx lobe height or length or size=shorter
-|calyx lobe length or size=longer
-|calyx some measurement=0.8cm;1.5cm
-|capsule architecture=8(-12)-loculed
-|capsule shape=obcuneiform
-|exterior diameter=0cm;2cm
-|exterior pubescence=barklike
-|exterior pubescence or texture=corky
-|exterior relief=fissured
-|exterior texture=woody
-|filament fusion=connate
-|filament pubescence=white-hairy
-|flower architecture or arrangement or growth form=solitary
-|inflorescence position or structure subtype=terminal
-|leaf arrangement=crowded
-|leaf coloration=red tinged;pale green
-|margin coloration or reflectance=translucent
-|margin count=2
-|nectary count=present
-|ovary position=inferior
-|pedicel some measurement=1cm;6cm
-|petal coloration=red;orange;red;orange;yellow;orange;purplish
-|petal count=40;65
-|petal some measurement=4mm;12mm
-|placental architecture or shape=bifid
-|ring density=dense
-|seed count=3;15
-|seed length=1
-|seed width=0.8
-|stamen some measurement=2mm;5mm
-|stem coloration=brown;light gray
-|tubercle architecture or shape=bifid
 }}<!--
 -->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Malephora]]