Difference between revisions of "Mesembryanthemum crystallinum"
Sp. Pl. 1: 480. 1753.
Common names: Crystalline iceplant
IntroducedIllustrated
Synonyms: Cryophytum crystallinum (Linnaeus) N. E. Brown Gasoul crystallinum (Linnaeus) Rothmaler
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|common_names=Crystalline iceplant | |common_names=Crystalline iceplant | ||
| + | |special_status={{Treatment/ID/Special_status | ||
| + | |code=I | ||
| + | |label=Introduced | ||
| + | }}{{Treatment/ID/Special_status | ||
| + | |code=F | ||
| + | |label=Illustrated | ||
| + | }} | ||
|basionyms= | |basionyms= | ||
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym | |synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym | ||
|name=Cryophytum crystallinum | |name=Cryophytum crystallinum | ||
|authority=(Linnaeus) N. E. Brown | |authority=(Linnaeus) N. E. Brown | ||
| − | }}{{Treatment/ID/Synonym | + | |rank=species |
| + | }} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym | ||
|name=Gasoul crystallinum | |name=Gasoul crystallinum | ||
|authority=(Linnaeus) Rothmaler | |authority=(Linnaeus) Rothmaler | ||
| + | |rank=species | ||
}} | }} | ||
|hierarchy=Aizoaceae;Mesembryanthemum;Mesembryanthemum crystallinum | |hierarchy=Aizoaceae;Mesembryanthemum;Mesembryanthemum crystallinum | ||
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| − | --><span class="statement" id="st- | + | --><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Plants </b>annual to biennial. <b>Stems</b> trailing, dichotomously branched, to 1 m. <b>Leaves</b> sessile or petiolate; petiole, ± clasping; blade ovate to spatulate, flat, 2–20 cm, margins undulate. <b>Inflorescences</b> terminal or axillary, cymes; proximal bracts opposite, leaflike; distal bracts alternate, reduced; flowering profusely. <b>Flowers</b> 7–10 mm diam.; hypanthium aging red, round; calyx lobes 5, unequal; petals 20–40, connate into tube, white, aging pink; stamens 30. <b>Capsules</b> coarsely papillate. <b>Seeds</b> 200, rough with minute tubercles. <b>2n</b> = 18.</span><!-- |
-->{{Treatment/Body | -->{{Treatment/Body | ||
| + | |phenology=Flowering year-round, mostly spring–fall. | ||
|habitat=Coastal bluffs, cliffs, ballast dumps, disturbed ground | |habitat=Coastal bluffs, cliffs, ballast dumps, disturbed ground | ||
|elevation=0-100 m | |elevation=0-100 m | ||
|distribution=Ariz.;Calif.;Pa.;Mexico (Baja California);South America;Europe (Mediterranean);Africa;Atlantic Islands;Australia. | |distribution=Ariz.;Calif.;Pa.;Mexico (Baja California);South America;Europe (Mediterranean);Africa;Atlantic Islands;Australia. | ||
| − | |discussion=<p>Introduced from southern and western Africa, Mesembryanthemum crystallinum is in cultivation as an ornamental. Its use to treat scurvy by sailors, its popularity as an ornamental potted plant aboard ships, and its occurrence in ballast dumps (as in Pennsylvania) were some of the means by which this species has become so widespread throughout the world. Gauchos in Argentina used it to treat venereal disease.</p> | + | |introduced=true |
| + | |discussion=<p>Introduced from southern and western Africa, <i>Mesembryanthemum crystallinum</i> is in cultivation as an ornamental. Its use to treat scurvy by sailors, its popularity as an ornamental potted plant aboard ships, and its occurrence in ballast dumps (as in Pennsylvania) were some of the means by which this species has become so widespread throughout the world. Gauchos in Argentina used it to treat venereal disease.</p> | ||
|tables= | |tables= | ||
|references={{Treatment/Reference | |references={{Treatment/Reference | ||
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-->{{#Taxon: | -->{{#Taxon: | ||
name=Mesembryanthemum crystallinum | name=Mesembryanthemum crystallinum | ||
| − | |||
|authority=Linnaeus | |authority=Linnaeus | ||
|rank=species | |rank=species | ||
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|basionyms= | |basionyms= | ||
|family=Aizoaceae | |family=Aizoaceae | ||
| + | |phenology=Flowering year-round, mostly spring–fall. | ||
|habitat=Coastal bluffs, cliffs, ballast dumps, disturbed ground | |habitat=Coastal bluffs, cliffs, ballast dumps, disturbed ground | ||
|elevation=0-100 m | |elevation=0-100 m | ||
|distribution=Ariz.;Calif.;Pa.;Mexico (Baja California);South America;Europe (Mediterranean);Africa;Atlantic Islands;Australia. | |distribution=Ariz.;Calif.;Pa.;Mexico (Baja California);South America;Europe (Mediterranean);Africa;Atlantic Islands;Australia. | ||
| + | |introduced=true | ||
|reference=vivrette1977a | |reference=vivrette1977a | ||
|publication title=Sp. Pl. | |publication title=Sp. Pl. | ||
|publication year=1753 | |publication year=1753 | ||
| − | |special status= | + | |special status=Introduced;Illustrated |
| − | |source xml=https:// | + | |source xml=https://bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation/src/2e0870ddd59836b60bcf96646a41e87ea5a5943a/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V4/V4_175.xml |
|genus=Mesembryanthemum | |genus=Mesembryanthemum | ||
|species=Mesembryanthemum crystallinum | |species=Mesembryanthemum crystallinum | ||
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-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Mesembryanthemum]] | -->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Mesembryanthemum]] | ||
Latest revision as of 21:57, 5 November 2020
Plants annual to biennial. Stems trailing, dichotomously branched, to 1 m. Leaves sessile or petiolate; petiole, ± clasping; blade ovate to spatulate, flat, 2–20 cm, margins undulate. Inflorescences terminal or axillary, cymes; proximal bracts opposite, leaflike; distal bracts alternate, reduced; flowering profusely. Flowers 7–10 mm diam.; hypanthium aging red, round; calyx lobes 5, unequal; petals 20–40, connate into tube, white, aging pink; stamens 30. Capsules coarsely papillate. Seeds 200, rough with minute tubercles. 2n = 18.
Phenology: Flowering year-round, mostly spring–fall.
Habitat: Coastal bluffs, cliffs, ballast dumps, disturbed ground
Elevation: 0-100 m
Distribution
Introduced; Ariz., Calif., Pa., Mexico (Baja California), South America, Europe (Mediterranean), Africa, Atlantic Islands, Australia.
Discussion
Introduced from southern and western Africa, Mesembryanthemum crystallinum is in cultivation as an ornamental. Its use to treat scurvy by sailors, its popularity as an ornamental potted plant aboard ships, and its occurrence in ballast dumps (as in Pennsylvania) were some of the means by which this species has become so widespread throughout the world. Gauchos in Argentina used it to treat venereal disease.
Selected References
Lower Taxa
None.