Difference between revisions of "Quercus nigra"
Sp. Pl. 2: 995. 1753.
Common names: Water oak chêne gris
EndemicIllustrated
Synonyms: Quercus nana Willdenow Quercus nigra var. tridentifera Sargent Quercus uliginosa
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 3.
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|common_names=Water oak;chêne gris | |common_names=Water oak;chêne gris | ||
|special_status={{Treatment/ID/Special_status | |special_status={{Treatment/ID/Special_status | ||
| + | |code=W1 | ||
| + | |label= | ||
| + | }}{{Treatment/ID/Special_status | ||
|code=E | |code=E | ||
|label=Endemic | |label=Endemic | ||
}}{{Treatment/ID/Special_status | }}{{Treatment/ID/Special_status | ||
|code=F | |code=F | ||
| − | |label= | + | |label=Illustrated |
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}} | }} | ||
|basionyms= | |basionyms= | ||
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym | |synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym | ||
| − | |name= | + | |name=Quercus nana |
|authority=Willdenow | |authority=Willdenow | ||
| − | }}{{Treatment/ID/Synonym | + | |rank=species |
| − | |name= | + | }} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym |
| + | |name=Quercus nigra var. tridentifera | ||
|authority=Sargent | |authority=Sargent | ||
| − | }}{{Treatment/ID/Synonym | + | |rank=variety |
| − | |name= | + | }} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym |
| − | |authority= | + | |name=Quercus uliginosa |
| + | |authority= | ||
| + | |rank=species | ||
}} | }} | ||
|hierarchy=Fagaceae;Quercus;Quercus sect. Lobatae;Quercus nigra | |hierarchy=Fagaceae;Quercus;Quercus sect. Lobatae;Quercus nigra | ||
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| − | --><span class="statement" id="st- | + | --><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Trees,</b> deciduous or tardily deciduous, to 30 m. <b>Bark</b> grayish black, fissures irregular, shallow, inner bark pinkish. <b>Twigs</b> dark red-brown, 1.5-2.5 mm diam., glabrous. <b>Terminal</b> buds reddish brown, ovoid, 3-6.5 mm, puberulent throughout, occasionally densely pubescent on apical 2/3. <b>Leaves</b>: petiole 2-9 mm, glabrous. <b>Leaf</b> blade distinctly obtrullate, rarely elliptic or merely obovate, widest near apex, 30-120(-160) × 15-60(-70) mm, base attenuate or cuneate, rarely rounded, margins entire with 1 apical awn or with 2-3 shallow lobes and 2-5 awns (leaves on juvenile or 2d-flush growth may be deeply lobed with more awns), apex obtuse to blunt or rounded; surfaces abaxially glabrous except for minute or conspicuous axillary tufts of tomentum, veins rarely raised, adaxially glabrous with secondary veins somewhat impressed. <b>Acorns</b> biennial; cup saucer-shaped, 2.5-5.5 mm high × 10-18 mm wide, covering 1/4 nut or less, outer surface puberulent, inner surface sparsely to uniformly pubescent, scale tips tightly appressed, acute; nut broadly ovoid, 9.5-14 × 9.5-14.5 mm, often faintly striate, glabrate, scar diam. 6-11.5 mm.</span><!-- |
-->{{Treatment/Body | -->{{Treatment/Body | ||
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|elevation=0-450 m | |elevation=0-450 m | ||
|distribution=Ala.;Ark.;Del.;Fla.;Ga.;Ky.;La.;Md.;Miss.;Mo.;N.J.;N.C.;Okla.;S.C.;Tenn.;Tex.;Va. | |distribution=Ala.;Ark.;Del.;Fla.;Ga.;Ky.;La.;Md.;Miss.;Mo.;N.J.;N.C.;Okla.;S.C.;Tenn.;Tex.;Va. | ||
| − | |discussion=<p>Typically on mesic alluvial and lowland sites, Quercus nigra also occurs on a wide variety of soil types and in a diversity of habitats.</p><!-- | + | |discussion=<p>Typically on mesic alluvial and lowland sites, <i>Quercus nigra</i> also occurs on a wide variety of soil types and in a diversity of habitats.</p><!-- |
| − | --><p>Trees with 3-lobed leaves with attenuate bases have been recognized as Quercus nigra var. tridentifera Sargent.</p><!-- | + | --><p>Trees with 3-lobed leaves with attenuate bases have been recognized as <i>Quercus nigra</i> var. tridentifera Sargent.</p><!-- |
| − | --><p>Quercus nigra reportedly hybridizes with Q. falcata (= Q. ×garlandensis E. J. Palmer), Q. incana, Q. laevis (= Q. ×walteriana Ashe), Q. marilandica (= Q. ×sterilis Trelease), Q. phellos (= Q. ×capesii W. Wolf), Q. shumardii (= Q. ×neopalmeri Sudworth), and Q. velutina (Q. ×demarei Ashe). In addition, D. M. Hunt (1989) cited evidence of hybridization also with Q. arkansana, Q. georgiana, Q. hemisphaerica, Q. laurifolia, Q. myrtifolia, Q. palustris, Q. rubra, and Q. texana.</p> | + | --><p><i>Quercus nigra</i> reportedly hybridizes with <i>Q. falcata</i> (= Q. ×garlandensis E. J. Palmer), <i>Q. incana</i>, <i>Q. laevis</i> (= Q. ×walteriana Ashe), <i>Q. marilandica</i> (= Q. ×sterilis Trelease), <i>Q. phellos</i> (= Q. ×capesii W. Wolf), <i>Q. shumardii</i> (= Q. ×neopalmeri Sudworth), and <i>Q. velutina</i> (Q. ×demarei Ashe). In addition, D. M. Hunt (1989) cited evidence of hybridization also with <i>Q. arkansana</i>, <i>Q. georgiana</i>, <i>Q. hemisphaerica</i>, <i>Q. laurifolia</i>, <i>Q. myrtifolia</i>, <i>Q. palustris</i>, <i>Q. rubra</i>, and <i>Q. texana</i>.</p> |
|tables= | |tables= | ||
|references= | |references= | ||
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-->{{#Taxon: | -->{{#Taxon: | ||
name=Quercus nigra | name=Quercus nigra | ||
| − | |||
|authority=Linnaeus | |authority=Linnaeus | ||
|rank=species | |rank=species | ||
|parent rank=section | |parent rank=section | ||
| − | |synonyms= | + | |synonyms=Quercus nana;Quercus nigra var. tridentifera;Quercus uliginosa |
|basionyms= | |basionyms= | ||
|family=Fagaceae | |family=Fagaceae | ||
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|publication title=Sp. Pl. | |publication title=Sp. Pl. | ||
|publication year=1753 | |publication year=1753 | ||
| − | |special status=Endemic; | + | |special status=W1;Endemic;Illustrated |
| − | |source xml=https:// | + | |source xml=https://bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation/src/2e0870ddd59836b60bcf96646a41e87ea5a5943a/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V3/V3_388.xml |
|genus=Quercus | |genus=Quercus | ||
|section=Quercus sect. Lobatae | |section=Quercus sect. Lobatae | ||
|species=Quercus nigra | |species=Quercus nigra | ||
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-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Quercus sect. Lobatae]] | -->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Quercus sect. Lobatae]] | ||
Latest revision as of 21:48, 5 November 2020
Trees, deciduous or tardily deciduous, to 30 m. Bark grayish black, fissures irregular, shallow, inner bark pinkish. Twigs dark red-brown, 1.5-2.5 mm diam., glabrous. Terminal buds reddish brown, ovoid, 3-6.5 mm, puberulent throughout, occasionally densely pubescent on apical 2/3. Leaves: petiole 2-9 mm, glabrous. Leaf blade distinctly obtrullate, rarely elliptic or merely obovate, widest near apex, 30-120(-160) × 15-60(-70) mm, base attenuate or cuneate, rarely rounded, margins entire with 1 apical awn or with 2-3 shallow lobes and 2-5 awns (leaves on juvenile or 2d-flush growth may be deeply lobed with more awns), apex obtuse to blunt or rounded; surfaces abaxially glabrous except for minute or conspicuous axillary tufts of tomentum, veins rarely raised, adaxially glabrous with secondary veins somewhat impressed. Acorns biennial; cup saucer-shaped, 2.5-5.5 mm high × 10-18 mm wide, covering 1/4 nut or less, outer surface puberulent, inner surface sparsely to uniformly pubescent, scale tips tightly appressed, acute; nut broadly ovoid, 9.5-14 × 9.5-14.5 mm, often faintly striate, glabrate, scar diam. 6-11.5 mm.
Phenology: Flowering spring.
Habitat: Mesic alluvial and lowland sites, also barrens, dunes, hammocks, and low ridges to steep slopes
Elevation: 0-450 m
Distribution
Ala., Ark., Del., Fla., Ga., Ky., La., Md., Miss., Mo., N.J., N.C., Okla., S.C., Tenn., Tex., Va.
Discussion
Typically on mesic alluvial and lowland sites, Quercus nigra also occurs on a wide variety of soil types and in a diversity of habitats.
Trees with 3-lobed leaves with attenuate bases have been recognized as Quercus nigra var. tridentifera Sargent.
Quercus nigra reportedly hybridizes with Q. falcata (= Q. ×garlandensis E. J. Palmer), Q. incana, Q. laevis (= Q. ×walteriana Ashe), Q. marilandica (= Q. ×sterilis Trelease), Q. phellos (= Q. ×capesii W. Wolf), Q. shumardii (= Q. ×neopalmeri Sudworth), and Q. velutina (Q. ×demarei Ashe). In addition, D. M. Hunt (1989) cited evidence of hybridization also with Q. arkansana, Q. georgiana, Q. hemisphaerica, Q. laurifolia, Q. myrtifolia, Q. palustris, Q. rubra, and Q. texana.
Selected References
None.
Lower Taxa
None.