Difference between revisions of "Taxaceae"
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|discussion=<p>Genera 5, species 17–20 (2 genera, 5 species in the flora).</p> | |discussion=<p>Genera 5, species 17–20 (2 genera, 5 species in the flora).</p> | ||
|tables= | |tables= | ||
| − | |references= | + | |references={{Treatment/Reference |
| + | |id=burns1990b | ||
| + | |text=Burns, R. M. and B. H. Honkala. 1990. Silvics of North America. 1. Conifers. Washington. [Agric. Handb. 654.] | ||
| + | }}{{Treatment/Reference | ||
| + | |id=canadian1983a | ||
| + | |text=Canadian Forestry Service. 1983. Reproduction of Conifers. Forest. Techn. Pub. Canad. Forest. Serv. 31. | ||
| + | }}{{Treatment/Reference | ||
| + | |id=farjon1990a | ||
| + | |text=Farjon, A. 1990. A Bibliography of Conifers. Königstein. [Regnum Veg. 122.] | ||
| + | }}{{Treatment/Reference | ||
| + | |id=florin1948a | ||
| + | |text=Florin, R. 1948. On the morphology and relationship of the Taxaceae. Bot. Gaz. 110: 31--39. | ||
| + | }}{{Treatment/Reference | ||
| + | |id=hosie1969b | ||
| + | |text=Hosie, R. C. 1969. Native Trees of Canada, ed. 7. Ottawa. Pp. 110--111. | ||
| + | }}{{Treatment/Reference | ||
| + | |id=krussmann1972a | ||
| + | |text=Krüssmann, G. 1972. Handbuch der Nadelgehölze. Berlin. | ||
| + | }}{{Treatment/Reference | ||
| + | |id=little1979b | ||
| + | |text=Little, E. L. Jr. 1979. Checklist of United States Trees (Native and Naturalized). Washington. Pp. 283, 287--288. [Agric. Handb. 541.] | ||
| + | }}{{Treatment/Reference | ||
| + | |id=pilger1903a | ||
| + | |text=Pilger, R. K. F. 1903. Taxaceae. In: H. G. A. Engler, ed. 1900--1953. Das Pflanzenreich... Berlin. Vol. 18[IV,5], pp. 1--124. | ||
| + | }}{{Treatment/Reference | ||
| + | |id=pilger1916a | ||
| + | |text=Pilger, R. K. F. 1916. Die Taxales. Mitt. Deutsch. Dendrol. Ges. 25: 1--28. | ||
| + | }}{{Treatment/Reference | ||
| + | |id=pilger1926a | ||
| + | |text=Pilger, R. K. F. 1926. Coniferae: Taxaceae. In: H. G. A. Engler et al., eds. 1924+. Die natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien..., ed. 2. Leipzig and Berlin. Vol. 13, pp. 199--211. | ||
| + | }}{{Treatment/Reference | ||
| + | |id=price1990a | ||
| + | |text=Price, R. A. 1990. The genera of Taxaceae in the southeastern United States. J. Arnold Arbor. 71: 69--91. | ||
| + | }}{{Treatment/Reference | ||
| + | |id=silba1986a | ||
| + | |text=Silba, J. 1986. Encyclopaedia Coniferae. Phytologia Mem. 8: 1--127. | ||
| + | }} | ||
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|illustration copyright=Flora of North America Association | |illustration copyright=Flora of North America Association | ||
|distribution=Mainly Northern Hemisphere. | |distribution=Mainly Northern Hemisphere. | ||
| − | |reference= | + | |reference=burns1990b;canadian1983a;farjon1990a;florin1948a;hosie1969b;krussmann1972a;little1979b;pilger1903a;pilger1916a;pilger1926a;price1990a;silba1986a |
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|publication year= | |publication year= | ||
|special status= | |special status= | ||
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Latest revision as of 20:23, 5 November 2020
Trees or shrubs evergreen, usually neither resinous nor aromatic (sharp- or foul-odored in Torreya), dioecious or monoecious. Bark scaly or fissured. Lateral branches well developed, similar to leading shoots; twigs terete, not densely clothed by leaves but ± ridged by decurrent leaf bases; longest internodes less than 1 cm; buds ± inconspicuous. Roots fibrous to woody. Leaves (needles) simple, persisting several years, shed singly, alternate [opposite], spirally arranged but often twisted so as to appear 2-ranked, linear to linear-lanceolate, decurrent; resin canals present or absent. Pollen cones maturing and shed annually, solitary or clustered, axillary on year-old branches, globose to ovoid, sporophylls bearing 2–16 microsporangia (pollen sacs); pollen ± spheric, not winged. Seed cones reduced to 1–2 ovules subtended by inconspicuous, decussate bracts, maturing in 1–2 seasons, axillary on year-old branches. Seeds 1 per "cone," erect, not winged, hard seed coat partially or wholly surrounded by a juicy, fleshy or leathery aril; cotyledons 2.
Distribution
Mainly Northern Hemisphere.
Discussion
Genera 5, species 17–20 (2 genera, 5 species in the flora).
Selected References
Illustrations
| Family ⠉ | Taxon | Illustrator ⠉ | |
|---|---|---|---|
 | Taxaceae Taxaceae Cupressaceae | Torreya californica Taxus canadensis Callitris glaucophylla | John Myers John Myers Bobbi Angell |
Key
| 1 | Leaves flexible, without resin canal, apex mucronate, soft-pointed, not sharp to touch; aril scarlet to orange-scarlet, soft, mucilaginous, thick, cup-shaped, open at apex, exposing hard seed coat. | Taxus |
| 1 | Leaves rigid, stiff, with central resin canal, apex acute, spine-tipped, sharp to touch; aril green or green with purple streaks, leathery, resinous, thin, completely enclosing hard seed coat. | Torreya |