Difference between revisions of "Malus ioensis"
in N. L. Britton and A. Brown, Ill. Fl. N. U.S. 2: 235. 1897.
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}}{{Treatment/ID/Special_status | }}{{Treatment/ID/Special_status | ||
|code=F | |code=F | ||
− | |label= | + | |label=Illustrated |
}} | }} | ||
|basionyms={{Treatment/ID/Basionym | |basionyms={{Treatment/ID/Basionym | ||
|name=Pyrus coronaria var. ioensis | |name=Pyrus coronaria var. ioensis | ||
|authority=Alph. Wood | |authority=Alph. Wood | ||
+ | |rank=variety | ||
|publication_title=Class-book Bot. ed. s.n.(b), | |publication_title=Class-book Bot. ed. s.n.(b), | ||
|publication_place=333. 1861 | |publication_place=333. 1861 | ||
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|name=Malus angustifolia var. spinosa | |name=Malus angustifolia var. spinosa | ||
|authority=(Rehder) C. F. Reed | |authority=(Rehder) C. F. Reed | ||
+ | |rank=variety | ||
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym | }} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym | ||
|name=M. coronaria subsp. ioensis | |name=M. coronaria subsp. ioensis | ||
|authority=(Alph. Wood) Likhonos | |authority=(Alph. Wood) Likhonos | ||
+ | |rank=subspecies | ||
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym | }} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym | ||
|name=M. coronaria var. ioensis | |name=M. coronaria var. ioensis | ||
|authority=(Alph. Wood) C. K. Schneider | |authority=(Alph. Wood) C. K. Schneider | ||
+ | |rank=variety | ||
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym | }} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym | ||
|name=M. ioensis var. bushii | |name=M. ioensis var. bushii | ||
|authority=Rehder | |authority=Rehder | ||
+ | |rank=variety | ||
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym | }} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym | ||
|name=M. ioensis var. creniserrata | |name=M. ioensis var. creniserrata | ||
|authority=Rehder | |authority=Rehder | ||
+ | |rank=variety | ||
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym | }} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym | ||
|name=M. ioensis var. palmeri | |name=M. ioensis var. palmeri | ||
|authority=Rehder | |authority=Rehder | ||
+ | |rank=variety | ||
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym | }} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym | ||
|name=M. ioensis var. spinosa | |name=M. ioensis var. spinosa | ||
|authority=Rehder | |authority=Rehder | ||
+ | |rank=variety | ||
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym | }} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym | ||
|name=M. ioensis var. texana | |name=M. ioensis var. texana | ||
|authority=Rehder | |authority=Rehder | ||
+ | |rank=variety | ||
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym | }} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym | ||
|name=P. ioensis | |name=P. ioensis | ||
− | |authority= | + | |authority= |
+ | |rank=species | ||
}} | }} | ||
|hierarchy=Rosaceae;Rosaceae subfam. Amygdaloideae;Rosaceae tribe Gillenieae;Malus;Malus ioensis | |hierarchy=Rosaceae;Rosaceae subfam. Amygdaloideae;Rosaceae tribe Gillenieae;Malus;Malus ioensis | ||
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-->{{#Taxon: | -->{{#Taxon: | ||
name=Malus ioensis | name=Malus ioensis | ||
− | |||
|authority=(Alph. Wood) Britton in N. L. Britton and A. Brown | |authority=(Alph. Wood) Britton in N. L. Britton and A. Brown | ||
|rank=species | |rank=species | ||
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|publication title=in N. L. Britton and A. Brown, Ill. Fl. N. U.S. | |publication title=in N. L. Britton and A. Brown, Ill. Fl. N. U.S. | ||
|publication year=1897 | |publication year=1897 | ||
− | |special status=Endemic; | + | |special status=Endemic;Illustrated |
− | |source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/ | + | |source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/f50eec43f223ca0e34566be0b046453a0960e173/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V9/V9_799.xml |
|subfamily=Rosaceae subfam. Amygdaloideae | |subfamily=Rosaceae subfam. Amygdaloideae | ||
|tribe=Rosaceae tribe Gillenieae | |tribe=Rosaceae tribe Gillenieae |
Revision as of 23:44, 16 December 2019
Trees, sometimes shrubs, (20–)40–60(–100) dm. Stems 6–45 cm diam.; bark dark reddish brown to gray, with narrow reddish brown scales, sometimes glaucous when young; young branches reddish gray, tomentose, becoming reddish brown or dark brown and glabrous or slightly puberulous; flowering shoots becoming spurs or spiny thorns, 10–60 mm. Buds reddish brown, ovoid, 3–4 mm, scale margins tomentose. Leaves conduplicate in bud; heteromorphic; stipules deciduous, narrowly lanceolate, 3–8 mm, apex acute; vigorous shoot leaves: petiole 15–30 mm, tomentose; blade ovate, sometimes triangular-ovate or oval, 3–9(–12) × 1.5–4(–6) cm, base cuneate to rounded, margins usually lobed, serrate or crenate-serrate, sometimes doubly serrate, apex acute, broadly acute, or rounded, abaxial surface tomentose (villous only on veins), adaxial glabrous or slightly villous; flowering shoot leaves: petiole 5–20(–25) mm, tomentose, sometimes puberulent; blade elliptic, oval, or ovate, 2–5 × 1–2 cm, base cuneate or rounded, sometimes truncate-rounded, margins lobed or unlobed, serrate, doubly serrate, or crenate-serrate, apex acute, broadly acute, or rounded, abaxial surface usually tomentose, adaxial glabrous. Panicles corymblike; peduncles absent; bracteoles sometimes persistent, filiform, 3–10 mm. Pedicels 15–30 mm, tomentose, sometimes puberulent or sparsely strigose. Flowers fragrant, 35–50 mm diam.; hypanthium tomentose; sepals triangular, 3–7 mm, equal to tube, apex acuminate, surfaces hoary-tomentose; petals pink, sometimes fading white, oblong to narrowly obovate, (11–)14–20(–22) mm, claws (2–)3–4 mm, margins entire, sinuate, or fimbriate, apex rounded; stamens 20, 8–16 mm, anthers rose before dehiscence; styles 5, connate basally, 9–15 mm, ± equal to stamens, tomentose in proximal 1/3. Pomes green, sometimes yellow, depressed-globose, sometimes globose, 20–30 mm diam., greasy, waxy, cores not enclosed at apex; sepals persistent, erect; sclereids abundant surrounding core. Seeds dark brown. 2n = 34, 51, 64.
Phenology: Flowering Apr–May; fruiting Sep–Oct.
Habitat: Woods, thickets, barrens, hillsides, stream and lake banks, flood plains, roadsides, open fields, fence lines
Elevation: 100–300 m
Distribution
![V9 799-distribution-map.jpg](/w/images/c/cb/V9_799-distribution-map.jpg)
Ark., Ill., Ind., Iowa, Kans., Ky., La., Mich., Minn., Mo., Nebr., Ohio, Okla., S.Dak., Tex., Wis.
Discussion
The fruit of Malus ioensis is extremely acrid in taste, and it has a high pectin content that allows it to be made into a clear yellow jelly. The beautiful, fragrant flowers provide a pleasant show in spring. Double-flowered forms have been selected for cultivation: Bechtel’s crab and forma fimbriata A. D. Slavin. This species flowers later than the cultivated apple in most regions; artificial hybrids have been documented. Malus ×soulardii (L. H. Bailey) Britton (Pyrus ×soulardii L. H. Bailey) is a hybrid between M. ioensis and M. pumila.
Selected References
None.