View source for Prunus domestica

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Prunus domestica
|accepted_authority=Linnaeus
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Sp. Pl.
|place=1: 475. 1753
|year=1753
}}
|common_names=European plum;prunier damas
|special_status={{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=I
|label=Introduced
}}
|basionyms=
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Prunus domestica subsp. insititia
|authority=(Linnaeus) C. K. Schneider
|rank=subspecies
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=P. domestica var. insititia
|authority=(Linnaeus) Fiori & Paoletti
|rank=variety
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=P. insititia
|authority=
|rank=species
}}
|hierarchy=Rosaceae;Rosaceae subfam. Amygdaloideae;Rosaceae tribe Amygdaleae;Prunus;Prunus domestica
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Rosaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subfamily</small>[[Rosaceae subfam. Amygdaloideae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>tribe</small>[[Rosaceae tribe Amygdaleae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Prunus]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Prunus domestica]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 9
|mention_page=page 357, 358, 360
|treatment_page=page 376
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Shrubs </b>or trees, sometimes suckering, 20–60(–100) dm, not or slightly thorny. <b>Twigs</b> with axillary end buds, usually hairy, sometimes glabrous. <b>Leaves</b> deciduous; petiole 6–20 mm, glabrous or hairy on adaxial surface or both surfaces, eglandular or glandular distally or on margins at bases of blades, glands 1–3; blade elliptic to obovate, (2.5–)4–7(–9) × 1.5–5 cm, base cuneate to obtuse, margins singly to doubly crenate-serrate, teeth blunt, glandular, apex usually acute to abruptly acuminate, sometimes obtuse, abaxial surface hairy (especially along veins), adaxial glabrous or midribs hairy. <b>Inflorescences</b> solitary flowers or 2-flowered fascicles. <b>Pedicels</b> (2–)10–20 mm, glabrous or hairy. <b>Flowers</b> blooming before or at leaf emergence; hypanthium cupulate, 3–5 mm, glabrous externally; sepals spreading to reflexed, ovate-elliptic to lanceolate, 3.5–6 mm, margins glandular-toothed, ciliate, surfaces glabrous or hairy; petals white, oblong to suborbiculate, 7–14 mm; ovaries glabrous. <b>Drupes</b> blue-black (green, yellow, or red in cultivars), ellipsoid to globose, 15–35 mm, glabrous; mesocarps fleshy; stones ovoid to ellipsoid, strongly flattened. <b>2n</b> = 48.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|phenology=Flowering Apr–May; fruiting Aug–Sep.
|habitat=Roadsides, fencerows, abandoned homesites
|elevation=0–1500 m
|distribution=N.B.;N.S.;Ont.;Que.;Calif.;Conn.;Del.;Idaho;La.;Maine;Md.;Mass.;Mich.;Nev.;N.H.;N.J.;N.Y.;Ohio;Oreg.;Pa.;R.I.;Utah;Vt.;Va.;Wash.;Eurasia.
|introduced=true
|discussion=<p>The distinctions given in the literature between <i>Prunus domestica</i> and P. insititia, and which cultivated varieties are derived from each of them, are contradictory and confusing. After examining plants from North America, it seems best to treat these Eurasian introductions as one variable species without designation of infraspecific taxa.</p><!--
--><p>European plums are grown along the West Coast, primarily in California, for prunes and other processed food. They are also grown in the Great Lakes region of Ontario, Michigan, and New York for both prunes and the local fresh market. Most of the commercial fresh plum market is supplied by fruits of the Japanese plum, <i>Prunus</i> salicina, and its hybrid derivatives, which include genetic material from native American species, for example, <i>P. americana</i>, <i>P. angustifolia</i>, and <i>P. hortulana</i>.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

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-->{{#Taxon:
name=Prunus domestica
|authority=Linnaeus
|rank=species
|parent rank=genus
|synonyms=Prunus domestica subsp. insititia;P. domestica var. insititia;P. insititia
|basionyms=
|family=Rosaceae
|phenology=Flowering Apr–May; fruiting Aug–Sep.
|habitat=Roadsides, fencerows, abandoned homesites
|elevation=0–1500 m
|distribution=N.B.;N.S.;Ont.;Que.;Calif.;Conn.;Del.;Idaho;La.;Maine;Md.;Mass.;Mich.;Nev.;N.H.;N.J.;N.Y.;Ohio;Oreg.;Pa.;R.I.;Utah;Vt.;Va.;Wash.;Eurasia.
|introduced=true
|reference=None
|publication title=Sp. Pl.
|publication year=1753
|special status=Introduced
|source xml=https://bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation/src/2e0870ddd59836b60bcf96646a41e87ea5a5943a/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V9/V9_624.xml
|subfamily=Rosaceae subfam. Amygdaloideae
|tribe=Rosaceae tribe Amygdaleae
|genus=Prunus
|species=Prunus domestica
}}<!--

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