View source for Echinochloa frumentacea

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Echinochloa frumentacea
|accepted_authority=Link
|publications=
|common_names=Siberian millet;White panic
|special_status={{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=I
|label=Introduced
}}
|basionyms=
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Echinochloa crus-galli var. frumentacea
|authority=
|rank=variety
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Echinochloa crus-galli subsp. edulis
|authority=
|rank=subspecies
}}
|hierarchy=Poaceae;Poaceae subfam. Panicoideae;Poaceae tribe Paniceae;Echinochloa;Echinochloa frumentacea
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Poaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subfamily</small>[[Poaceae subfam. Panicoideae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>tribe</small>[[Poaceae tribe Paniceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Echinochloa]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Echinochloa frumentacea]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 25
|mention_page=
|treatment_page=page 400
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Plants </b>annual. <b>Culms</b> 70-150 cm, erect, glabrous. <b>Sheaths</b> glabrous; ligules absent; blades 8-35 cm long, 3-20(30) mm wide, glabrous. <b>Panicles</b> 7-18 cm, erect to slightly drooping at maturity, rachises not or only sparsely hispid, nodes with papillose-based hairs; branches numerous, appressed or ascending, spikelike, not or only sparsely hispid, hairs papillose-based; primary branches 1.5-4 cm, glabrous or sparsely hispid, hairs to 3 mm, papillose-based; secondary branches, if present, usually concealed by the densely packed spikelets; longer pedicels 0.2-0.5 mm. <b>Spikelets</b> 3-3.5 mm, often with 1 sterile and 2 bisexual florets, not disarticulating at maturity (particularly those near the bases of the panicles), scabrous or short-hispid but without papillose-based hairs, green and pale at maturity, apices usually obtuse, varying to acute. <b>Upper</b> glumes narrower and shorter than the upper lemmas; lower florets sterile; lower lemmas unawned; lower paleas subequal to the lower lemmas; upper lemmas 2.5-3 mm, ovate to elliptic, coriaceous portion terminating abruptly at the base of the membranous tip; anthers 0.8-1 mm. <b>Caryopses</b> 1.7-2.2 mm long, 1.6-1.8 mm wide, whitish; embryos 66-86% as long as the caryopses. <b>2n</b> = 54.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=D.C.;Wis.;W.Va.;Man.;Ont.;N.H.;N.J.;Tex.;Conn.;N.Y.;N.Dak.;Nebr.;Tenn.;Pa.;R.I.;Nev.;Va.;Colo.;Calif.;Ala.;Vt.;Ill.;Ark.;Fla.;Iowa;Md.;N.C.;Wash.;Maine;Mass.;Ohio;Mo.;Mich.;Ky.;Oreg.
|discussion=<p><i>Echinochloa frumentacea</i> originated in India, and possibly also in Africa. It is grown for grain, fodder, and beer, but not as extensively as in the past. It is found occasionally in the contiguous United States and southern Canada, the primary source being birdseed mixes. It used to be confused with <i>E. esculenta</i>, from which it differs in its whitish caryopses and proportionately smaller embryos. Hybrids between <i>E. frumentacea</i> and <i>E. colona</i> are partially fertile; those with <i>E. esculenta</i> are sterile.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

--><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Echinochloa frumentacea
|authority=Link
|rank=species
|parent rank=genus
|synonyms=Echinochloa crus-galli var. frumentacea;Echinochloa crus-galli subsp. edulis
|basionyms=
|family=Poaceae
|illustrator=Linda A. Vorobik;Hana Pazdírková
|illustration copyright=Utah State University
|distribution=D.C.;Wis.;W.Va.;Man.;Ont.;N.H.;N.J.;Tex.;Conn.;N.Y.;N.Dak.;Nebr.;Tenn.;Pa.;R.I.;Nev.;Va.;Colo.;Calif.;Ala.;Vt.;Ill.;Ark.;Fla.;Iowa;Md.;N.C.;Wash.;Maine;Mass.;Ohio;Mo.;Mich.;Ky.;Oreg.
|reference=None
|publication title=
|publication year=
|special status=Introduced
|source xml=https://bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation/src/200273ad09963decb8fc72550212de541d86569d/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V25/V25_1119.xml
|subfamily=Poaceae subfam. Panicoideae
|tribe=Poaceae tribe Paniceae
|genus=Echinochloa
|species=Echinochloa frumentacea
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Echinochloa]]