View source for Diplotaxis muralis

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Diplotaxis muralis
|accepted_authority=(Linnaeus) de Candolle
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Syst. Nat.
|place=2: 634. 1821
|year=1821
}}
|common_names=Annual or stinking wall-rocket;stink-weed;cross-weed;sand-rocket;wall-mustard
|special_status={{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=W
|label=Weedy
}}{{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=I
|label=Introduced
}}{{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=F
|label=Illustrated
}}
|basionyms={{Treatment/ID/Basionym
|name=Sisymbrium murale
|authority=Linnaeus
|rank=species
|publication_title=Sp. Pl.
|publication_place=2: 658. 1753
}}
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Sinapis muralis
|authority=(Linnaeus) W. T. Aiton
|rank=species
}}
|hierarchy=Brassicaceae;Brassicaceae tribe Brassiceae;Diplotaxis;Diplotaxis muralis
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Brassicaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>tribe</small>[[Brassicaceae tribe Brassiceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Diplotaxis]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Diplotaxis muralis]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 7
|mention_page=page 432
|treatment_page=page 433
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Annuals </b>or perennials, (short-lived, frequently scapose or subscapose, taprooted), strongly scented (with glucosinolates). <b>Stems</b> ascending to suberect, (0.5–)2–5(–6) dm, moderately pubescent (trichomes predominantly patent basally, retrorse distally to near racemes). <b>Basal</b> leaves (rosulate); blade elliptic to obovate, 2–9 cm × 10–35 mm, margins sinuate to pinnatifid, lyrate, [2–4(–6) lobes each side], (margins and veins glabrescent to sparsely pubescent). <b>Cauline</b> leaves shortly petiolate to sessile; blade margins entire or dentate. <b>Fruiting</b> pedicels (3–)8–20(–37) mm. <b>Flowers</b>: sepals 3–5.5 mm, pubescent or glabrous, trichomes straight; petals yellow, 5–8(–10) × 3–5 mm; filaments 3.5–6 mm; anthers 1.5–2 mm; gynophore obsolete or to 0.5 mm. <b>Fruits</b> erect-patent, (1.5–)2–4 cm × 1.5–2.5 mm; terminal segment beaklike, (1–)1.5–3 mm, seedless; (ovules 20–36 per ovary). <b>Seeds</b> 0.9–1.3 × 0.6–0.9 mm. <b>2n</b> = 42.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|phenology=Flowering spring–fall.
|habitat=Waste ground, disturbed or cultivated soil, ballast places, wharves, roadsides, railroads, around buildings, grazed grasslands
|elevation=80-2000 m
|distribution=Alta.;N.B.;N.S.;Ont.;P.E.I.;Que.;Sask.;Ala.;Ariz.;Ark.;Calif.;Conn.;Fla.;Ill.;Ind.;Iowa;Kans.;Mass.;Mich.;Minn.;Mont.;Nebr.;N.J.;N.Mex.;N.Y.;Ohio;Oreg.;Pa.;Tex.;Utah;Wis.;Eurasia;Africa;introduced also in Mexico (Coahuila;Nuevo León);West Indies (Bahamas);Bermuda;South America;Pacific Islands (New Zealand);Australia.
|introduced=true
|discussion=<p><i>Diplotaxis muralis</i> was introduced from Europe as a ballast plant in the last century and may have failed to persist in some of the recorded provinces and states. It is an allopolyploid arisen from <i>D. tenuifolia</i> and the Eurasian D. viminea (Linnaeus) de Candolle with 2n = 20 (M. D. Sánchez-Yélamo and J. B. Martínez-Laborde 1991; K. Mummenhoff et al. 1993; G. Eschmann-Grupe et al. 2003). There does not seem to be a sound basis for attributing D. viminea to the flora area, as done by V. I. Dorofeev (1998), because most specimens cited by him belong, in fact, to <i>D. muralis</i>.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

--><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Diplotaxis muralis
|authority=(Linnaeus) de Candolle
|rank=species
|parent rank=genus
|synonyms=Sinapis muralis
|basionyms=Sisymbrium murale
|family=Brassicaceae
|phenology=Flowering spring–fall.
|habitat=Waste ground, disturbed or cultivated soil, ballast places, wharves, roadsides, railroads, around buildings, grazed grasslands
|elevation=80-2000 m
|distribution=Alta.;N.B.;N.S.;Ont.;P.E.I.;Que.;Sask.;Ala.;Ariz.;Ark.;Calif.;Conn.;Fla.;Ill.;Ind.;Iowa;Kans.;Mass.;Mich.;Minn.;Mont.;Nebr.;N.J.;N.Mex.;N.Y.;Ohio;Oreg.;Pa.;Tex.;Utah;Wis.;Eurasia;Africa;introduced also in Mexico (Coahuila;Nuevo León);West Indies (Bahamas);Bermuda;South America;Pacific Islands (New Zealand);Australia.
|introduced=true
|reference=None
|publication title=Syst. Nat.
|publication year=1821
|special status=Weedy;Introduced;Illustrated
|source xml=https://bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation/src/2e0870ddd59836b60bcf96646a41e87ea5a5943a/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V7/V7_650.xml
|tribe=Brassicaceae tribe Brassiceae
|genus=Diplotaxis
|species=Diplotaxis muralis
}}<!--

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