View source for Carissa macrocarpa

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Carissa macrocarpa
|accepted_authority=(Ecklon) A. de Candolle in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Prodr.
|place=8: 336. 1844
|year=1844
}}
|common_names=Natal plum
|special_status={{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=I
|label=Introduced
}}{{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=F
|label=Illustrated
}}
|basionyms={{Treatment/ID/Basionym
|name=Arduina macrocarpa
|authority=Ecklon
|rank=species
|publication_title=S. African Quart. J.
|publication_place=1: 372.  1830
}}
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Apocynaceae;Carissa;Carissa macrocarpa
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Apocynaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Carissa]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Carissa macrocarpa]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 14
|mention_page=
|treatment_page=
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Shrubs </b>1–2(–6) m. <b>Stems</b>: spines stout, bifurcated. <b>Leaves</b>: petiole 1–6 mm, glabrous; blade ovate, elliptic, oblong, or orbiculate, 1.3–7.2 × 0.9–5.3 cm, coriaceous, base cordate to cuneate, margins revolute, apex acute or mucronate, glabrous. <b>Peduncles</b> 3–4 mm, glabrous. <b>Pedicels</b> 3–4 mm, glabrous. <b>Flowers</b>: calyx lobes ovate to narrowly oblong, auriculate, 2–4.5(–7) mm, glabrous, colleters present or absent; corolla glabrous abaxially, eglandular-pubescent adaxially, tube 5–10 × 1.5–2 mm, throat 5–12 × 2.5–3 mm, lobes spreading, obliquely obovate, (4.5–)10–24 × 4–7 mm. <b>Berries</b> 2.7–6 × 2–3 cm. <b>Seeds</b> 4–6 × 3–4.5 mm. <b>2n</b> = 22.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|phenology=Flowering spring–fall; fruiting summer–fall.
|habitat=Coastal hammocks, beach dunes, disturbed areas.
|elevation=0–10 m.
|distribution=Fla.;Tex.;e;se Africa
|introduced=true
|discussion=<p>The stout, dichotomously branched spines readily distinguish Carissa macrocarpa from all other North American members of Apocynaceae. Plants are widely cultivated as ornamentals and for hedges in warmer parts of the United States and have become naturalized in a few coastal counties in Florida and Texas. The flesh of the fruit is edible when fully ripe, but unripe fruits, seeds, and all vegetative parts of the plant are toxic.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

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-->{{#Taxon:
name=Carissa macrocarpa
|authority=(Ecklon) A. de Candolle in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle
|rank=species
|parent rank=genus
|synonyms=
|basionyms=Arduina macrocarpa
|family=Apocynaceae
|phenology=Flowering spring–fall; fruiting summer–fall.
|habitat=Coastal hammocks, beach dunes, disturbed areas.
|elevation=0–10 m.
|distribution=Fla.;Tex.;e;se Africa
|introduced=true
|reference=None
|publication title=Prodr.
|publication year=1844
|special status=Introduced;Illustrated
|source xml=
|genus=Carissa
|species=Carissa macrocarpa
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Carissa]]