View source for Euphorbia crenulata

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Euphorbia crenulata
|accepted_authority=Engelmann in W. H. Emory
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Rep. U.S. Mex. Bound.
|place=2(1): 192. 1859
|year=1859
}}
|common_names=Chinese caps
|special_status={{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=E
|label=Endemic
}}
|basionyms=
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Tithymalus crenulatus
|authority=(Engelmann) A. Heller
}}
|hierarchy=Euphorbiaceae;Euphorbia;Euphorbia subg. Esula;Euphorbia crenulata
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Euphorbiaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Euphorbia]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subgenus</small>[[Euphorbia subg. Esula]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Euphorbia crenulata]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 12
|mention_page=page 297
|treatment_page=page 301
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Herbs,</b> usually biennial, occasionally annual, with taproot. <b>Stems</b> erect, sometimes decumbent at base, unbranched or branched, 12–40 cm, glabrous. <b>Leaves</b>: petiole 0–2 mm; blade obovate-spatulate to oblanceolate, 8–22 × 3–10 mm, base broadly attenuate, margins entire or slightly crisped, apex obtuse to ± rounded, minutely apiculate, surfaces glabrous; venation pinnate, midvein prominent. <b>Cyathial</b> arrangement: terminal pleiochasial branches 3, each 2-branched; pleiochasial bracts obovate to orbiculate-reniform, wider than distal leaves; dichasial bracts usually connate 1/3–1/2 length (often only on one side), rarely only connate basally, triangular ovate to reniform, base truncate to perfoliate, margins erose-denticulate to subentire, apex rounded to obtuse, rarely apiculate; axillary cymose branches 0–5. <b>Cyathia</b>: peduncle 0–0.5 mm. <b>Involucre</b> campanulate, 1.8–2.1 × 1.6–1.8 mm, glabrous; glands 4, crescent-shaped, 0.6–1.2 × 1.5–2.3 mm; horns slightly divergent to slightly convergent, 0.4–0.6 mm. <b>Staminate</b> flowers 11–18. <b>Pistillate</b> flowers: ovary glabrous; styles 0.9–1.4 mm, 2-fid. <b>Capsules</b> subovoid, 2.5–3 × 3.5–4 mm, 3-lobed; cocci rounded, smooth or puncticulate, glabrous; columella 1.9–2.3 mm. <b>Seeds</b> cream and brown mottled, oblong-ovoid to nearly globose, 2–2.5 × 1.4–1.7 mm, usually irregularly vermiculate-ridged and large-pitted, occasionally tuberculate or nearly smooth; caruncle reniform, conic, 0.5–0.6 × 0.5–0.7 mm.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|phenology=Flowering and fruiting spring–summer.
|habitat=Conifer, oak, and mixed forests, coastal scrub, grasslands, barrens and outcrops, roadsides.
|elevation=30–1800 m.
|distribution=Calif.;Colo.;N.Mex.;Oreg.
|discussion=<p><i>Euphorbia crenulata</i> is most common in the central valleys of California and southern Oregon; it occurs disjunctly in southwestern Colorado and northwestern New Mexico. Previous reports from Arizona are based on misidentified specimens. <i>Euphorbia crenulata</i> is closely related to <i>E. commutata</i>.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

--><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Euphorbia crenulata
|author=
|authority=Engelmann in W. H. Emory
|rank=species
|parent rank=subgenus
|synonyms=Tithymalus crenulatus
|basionyms=
|family=Euphorbiaceae
|phenology=Flowering and fruiting spring–summer.
|habitat=Conifer, oak, and mixed forests, coastal scrub, grasslands, barrens and outcrops, roadsides.
|elevation=30–1800 m.
|distribution=Calif.;Colo.;N.Mex.;Oreg.
|reference=None
|publication title=Rep. U.S. Mex. Bound.
|publication year=1859
|special status=Endemic
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/8f726806613d60c220dc4493de13607dd3150896/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V12/V12_80.xml
|genus=Euphorbia
|subgenus=Euphorbia subg. Esula
|species=Euphorbia crenulata
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Euphorbia subg. Esula]]