View source for Epipactis helleborine

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Epipactis helleborine
|accepted_authority=(Linnaeus) Crantz
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Stirp. Austr. Fasc. ed.
|place=2, 2: 467. 1769
|year=1769
}}
|common_names=Broad-leaved helleborine
|basionyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Serapias helleborine
|authority=Linnaeus
}}
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Epipactis latifolia
|authority=(Linnaeus) Allioni
}}
|hierarchy=Orchidaceae;Orchidaceae subfam. Epidendroideae;Orchidaceae tribe Neottieae;Orchidaceae (tribe Neottieae) subtribe Limodorinae;Epipactis;Epipactis helleborine
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Orchidaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subfamily</small>[[Orchidaceae subfam. Epidendroideae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>tribe</small>[[Orchidaceae tribe Neottieae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subtribe</small>[[Orchidaceae (tribe Neottieae) subtribe Limodorinae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Epipactis]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Epipactis helleborine]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 26
|mention_page=page 584, 585, 591
|treatment_page=page 586
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Plants </b>25–80(–100) cm, sparsely to densely pubescent. <b>Leaves</b> 3–10, orbiculate, elliptic to narrowly lanceolate, 4–18 × 1.5–8.5 cm. <b>Inflorescences</b> racemes, loose to moderately dense, commonly 1-sided; floral bracts spreading, linear to narrowly lanceolate, 10–40(–70) mm, often exceeding flowers. <b>Flowers</b> 15–50, small; sepals greenish, often suffused with purple; lateral sepals 10–13 × 5–6 mm, apex oblique; petals ovate, pale green, pink, purple, or yellowish, 9–11 × 4–6 mm; lip indistinctly veined, constricted at middle into 2 parts, proximal part purplish to brownish, deeply concave, not papillose, 9–12 × 8 mm, distal part recurved, pink, broadly triangular-ovate, ± flat to tip, 5 × 5 mm; calli 2, near base, brownish, not rugose; column 3–6 mm; ovary glabrous. <b>Capsules</b> obovoid, 9–14 mm, glabrate to densely pubescent. <b>2n</b> = 36, 38, 40, 44.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|phenology=Flowering Jun–Oct.
|habitat=Moist to dry, rocky, shaded, deciduous to mixed woods, cedar swamps and forested stream margins, often in disturbed places such as lawns, and cracks in concrete sidewalks
|elevation=0–1300 m
|distribution=B.C.;N.B.;Nfld. and Labr. (Nfld.);Ont.;Que.;Ark.;Calif.;Conn.;Ill.;Ind.;Ky.;Maine;Md.;Mass.;Mich.;Minn.;Mo.;Mont.;N.H.;N.J.;N.Mex.;N.Y.;N.C.;Ohio;Oreg.;Pa.;R.I.;Tenn.;Vt.;Va.;Wash.;W.Va.;Wis.;Eurasia;North Africa.
|discussion=<p>Epipactis helleborine is known to have been thoroughly naturalized in North America since 1879 (C. A. Luer 1975).</p><!--
--><p>Extensive and striking color variations in Epipactis helleborine have led to the description of numerous varieties and forms. Most of the varieties originated in Europe, but the following forms originated in North America. With the exception of forma luteola, which has been noted only from Vermont, the other forms occur randomly throughout the range of the species: forma alba (Webster) B. Boivin, white-flowered form; forma luteola P. M. Brown, yellow-flowered; forma monotropoides (Mousley) Scoggan, albino; forma variegata (Webster) B. Boivin, variegated, the leaves with white and cream markings; forma viridens A. Gray, green-flowered.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

--><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Epipactis helleborine
|author=
|authority=(Linnaeus) Crantz
|rank=species
|parent rank=genus
|synonyms=Epipactis latifolia
|basionyms=Serapias helleborine
|family=Orchidaceae
|phenology=Flowering Jun–Oct.
|habitat=Moist to dry, rocky, shaded, deciduous to mixed woods, cedar swamps and forested stream margins, often in disturbed places such as lawns, and cracks in concrete sidewalks
|elevation=0–1300 m
|distribution=B.C.;N.B.;Nfld. and Labr. (Nfld.);Ont.;Que.;Ark.;Calif.;Conn.;Ill.;Ind.;Ky.;Maine;Md.;Mass.;Mich.;Minn.;Mo.;Mont.;N.H.;N.J.;N.Mex.;N.Y.;N.C.;Ohio;Oreg.;Pa.;R.I.;Tenn.;Vt.;Va.;Wash.;W.Va.;Wis.;Eurasia;North Africa.
|introduced=true
|reference=None
|publication title=Stirp. Austr. Fasc. ed.
|publication year=1769
|special status=
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/9216fc802291cd3df363fd52122300479582ede7/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V26/V26_1196.xml
|subfamily=Orchidaceae subfam. Epidendroideae
|tribe=Orchidaceae tribe Neottieae
|subtribe=Orchidaceae (tribe Neottieae) subtribe Limodorinae
|genus=Epipactis
|species=Epipactis helleborine
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Epipactis]]