View source for Pellaea atropurpurea

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Pellaea atropurpurea
|accepted_authority=(Linnaeus) Link
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Fil. Spec.
|place=59. 1841
|year=1841
}}
|common_names=Pelléade à stipe pourpre
|basionyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Pteris atropurpurea
|authority=Linnaeus
}}
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Pellaea atropurpurea var. cristata
|authority=Trelease
}}
|hierarchy=Pteridaceae;Pellaea;Pellaea atropurpurea
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Pteridaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Pellaea]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Pellaea atropurpurea]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 2
|mention_page=
|treatment_page=
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="stem architecture or arrangement;stem orientation;stem fragility or size;stem diameter"><b>Stems </b>compact, ascending, stout, 5–10 mm diam.;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="scale coloration;scale shape;scale width;scale width;margin shape;margin shape;margin shape">scales uniformly reddish-brown (or tan), linear-subulate, 0.1–0.3 mm wide, thin, margins entire to denticulate.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="leaf growth form;leaf reproduction;leaf height or length or size;leaf shape;leaf arrangement or growth form;leaf some measurement;leaf reproduction"><b>Leaves </b>somewhat dimorphic, sterile leaves shorter and less divided than fertile leaves, clustered on stems, 5–50 cm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="crozier pubescence">croziers villous.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="petiole coloration;petiole coloration;petiole coloration;petiole reflectance;petiole shape;articulation line prominence"><b>Petiole </b>reddish purple to nearly black, lustrous, rounded adaxially, without prominent articulation lines.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="blade shape;blade architecture or shape;blade width"><b>Blade </b>elongate-deltate, usually 2-pinnate proximally, 2–18 cm wide;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="rachis coloration;rachis course;rachis shape;rachis pubescence;hair height or length or size;hair shape;hair fixation or orientation">rachis reddish purple throughout, straight, rounded adaxially, densely pubescent adaxially with short, curly, appressed hairs.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="pinna orientation;rachis orientation;rachis shape;ultimate segment count"><b>Pinnae </b>perpendicular to rachis or ascending, not decurrent on rachis, usually with 3–15 ultimate segments;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="costa course;costa some measurement;costa length or size">costae straight, 10–100 mm, often longer than ultimate segments.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="ultimate segment shape;ultimate segment some measurement;ultimate segment texture;ultimate segment pubescence"><b>Ultimate </b>segments linear-oblong, 10–75 mm, leathery, sparsely villous abaxially near midrib;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="margin orientation;margin shape;segment reproduction;abaxial surface count;border coloration;border shape">margins weakly recurved to plane on fertile segments, usually covering less than 1/2 abaxial surface, borders whitish, crenulate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="apex shape;apex shape;apex shape">apex obtuse to slightly mucronate.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="vein prominence"><b>Veins </b>of ultimate segments obscure.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="spore count"><b>Sporangia </b>long-stalked, containing 32 spores, not intermixed with farina-producing glands.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="sporangium architecture;n=2n chromosome count">n = 2n = 87, apogamous.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|habitat=Calcareous cliffs and rocky slopes, usually on limestone
|elevation=100–2500 m
|distribution=Ont.;Que.;Ala.;Ariz.;Ark.;Colo.;Conn.;D.C.;Fla.;Ga.;Ill.;Ind.;Iowa;Kans.;Ky.;La.;Md.;Mass.;Mich.;Minn.;Miss.;Mo.;Nebr.;Nev.;N.J.;N.Mex.;N.Y.;N.C.;Ohio;Okla.;Pa.;R.I.;S.C.;S.Dak.;Tenn.;Tex.;Utah;Vt.;Va.;W.Va.;Wis.;Wyo.;Mexico;Central America in Guatemala.
|discussion=<p>Contrary to D. B. Lellinger's (1985) hypothesis, isozyme data indicate that neither Pellaea glabella nor P. ternifolia was involved in the origin of this apogamous triploid. Instead, it appears that P. atropurpurea is an autopolyploid derivative of a single diploid taxon that has not yet been located. A thorough survey of spore number per sporangium in this species should be undertaken to determine whether the diploid progenitor is still extant. Collections from western Canada identified as P. atropurpurea actually represent P. gastonyi, an apogamous tetraploid produced by hybridization between P. atropurpurea and diploid populations of P. glabella. Pellaea atropurpurea has also hybridized with P. wrightiana; the hybrid is a rare apogamous pentaploid known only from western Oklahoma. Pellaea lyngholmii is the apogamous tetraploid hybrid between P. atropurpurea and P. truncata. Pellaea atropurpurea is distinguished from all these hybrids by having rachises that are densely pubescent adaxially, larger ultimate segments, and spores averaging less than 62 µm in diameter.</p>
|tables=
|references=
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-->{{#Taxon:
name=Pellaea atropurpurea
|author=
|authority=(Linnaeus) Link
|rank=species
|parent rank=genus
|synonyms=Pellaea atropurpurea var. cristata
|basionyms=Pteris atropurpurea
|family=Pteridaceae
|habitat=Calcareous cliffs and rocky slopes, usually on limestone
|elevation=100–2500 m
|distribution=Ont.;Que.;Ala.;Ariz.;Ark.;Colo.;Conn.;D.C.;Fla.;Ga.;Ill.;Ind.;Iowa;Kans.;Ky.;La.;Md.;Mass.;Mich.;Minn.;Miss.;Mo.;Nebr.;Nev.;N.J.;N.Mex.;N.Y.;N.C.;Ohio;Okla.;Pa.;R.I.;S.C.;S.Dak.;Tenn.;Tex.;Utah;Vt.;Va.;W.Va.;Wis.;Wyo.;Mexico;Central America in Guatemala.
|reference=None
|publication title=Fil. Spec.
|publication year=1841
|special status=
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/287ef3db526bd807d435a3c7423ef2df1e951227/V2/V2_432.xml
|genus=Pellaea
|species=Pellaea atropurpurea
|abaxial surface count=0;1/2
|apex shape=obtuse;slightly mucronate
|articulation line prominence=prominent
|blade architecture or shape=2-pinnate
|blade shape=elongate-deltate
|blade width=2cm;18cm
|border coloration=whitish
|border shape=crenulate
|costa course=straight
|costa length or size=often longer
|costa some measurement=10mm;100mm
|crozier pubescence=villous
|hair fixation or orientation=appressed
|hair height or length or size=short
|hair shape=curly
|leaf arrangement or growth form=clustered
|leaf growth form=dimorphic
|leaf height or length or size=shorter
|leaf reproduction=fertile;sterile
|leaf shape=divided
|leaf some measurement=5cm;50cm
|margin orientation=recurved
|margin shape=plane;entire;denticulate
|n=2n chromosome count=87
|petiole coloration=reddish purple;nearly black
|petiole reflectance=lustrous
|petiole shape=rounded
|pinna orientation=perpendicular
|rachis coloration=reddish purple
|rachis course=straight
|rachis orientation=ascending
|rachis pubescence=pubescent
|rachis shape=not decurrent;rounded
|scale coloration=reddish-brown
|scale shape=linear-subulate
|scale width=thin;0.1mm;0.3mm
|segment reproduction=fertile
|sporangium architecture=long-stalked
|spore count=32
|stem architecture or arrangement=compact
|stem diameter=5mm;10mm
|stem fragility or size=stout
|stem orientation=ascending
|ultimate segment count=3;15
|ultimate segment pubescence=villous
|ultimate segment shape=linear-oblong
|ultimate segment some measurement=10mm;75mm
|ultimate segment texture=leathery
|vein prominence=obscure
}}<!--

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