View source for Ratibida columnifera

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Ratibida columnifera
|accepted_authority=(Nuttall) Wooton & Standley
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb.
|place=19: 706. 1915
|year=1915
}}
|common_names=Upright prairie coneflower;redspike Mexican-hat.
|basionyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Rudbeckia columnifera
|authority=Nuttall
}}
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Ratibida columnaris
|authority=(Sims) D. Don
}}
|hierarchy=Asteraceae;Asteraceae tribe Heliantheae;Asteraceae (tribe Heliantheae) subtribe Rudbeckiinae;Ratibida;Ratibida columnifera
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Asteraceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>tribe</small>[[Asteraceae tribe Heliantheae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subtribe</small>[[Asteraceae (tribe Heliantheae) subtribe Rudbeckiinae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Ratibida]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Ratibida columnifera]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 21
|mention_page=page 61
|treatment_page=page 62
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Perennials,</b> to 105+ cm; taprooted. <b>Leaves</b> 2–15+ × 0.8–6 cm, 1–2-pinnatifid, lobes 3–14, narrowly linear-lanceolate to narrowly oblong-ovate, 1–16 mm wide, faces hirsute, gland-dotted. <b>Heads</b> 1–15, held well beyond leaves. <b>Peduncles</b> (1.5–)6.5–48+ cm (ribs tan, prominent). <b>Phyllaries</b> 5–14, outer linear, 4–14 × 0.5–2 mm, inner lanceolate-ovate, 0.8–3 × 0.8–2 mm. <b>Paleae</b> 2.3–3.5 × 0.5–3 mm, resin glands oval-oblanceolate, 0.6–1.5 mm. <b>Ray</b> florets 4–12; corollas yellow, purplish yellow, or maroon, sometimes bicolor (maroon/yellow), laminae lanceolate-ovate to elliptic-oblanceolate, 7–35 × 4–17 mm. <b>Discs</b> columnar, 10–50 × 7–12 mm. <b>Disc</b> florets 200–400+; corollas greenish yellow, often purplish distally, 1–2.5 mm; style branches 0.5–1.4 mm, proximal 2/3–3/4 stigmatic, apices rounded. <b>Cypselae</b> oblong, 1.2–3 × 1.2–2 mm, abaxial margins glabrous, adaxial margins and apices glabrous or ciliate; pappi (tan) usually of 1–2 toothlike projections, sometimes 0. <b>2n</b> = 28.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|phenology=Flowering Mar–Nov.
|habitat=Prairies
|elevation=10–2200 m
|distribution=Alta.;B.C.;Man.;Ont.;Sask.;Ariz.;Ark.;Colo.;Ill.;Ind.;Iowa;Kans.;La.;Mass.;Minn.;Mo.;Mont.;Nebr.;N.J.;N.Mex.;N.C.;N.Dak.;Okla.;S.Dak.;Tenn.;Tex.;Utah;Wis.;Wyo.;Mexico (Chihuahua;Coahuila;Hidalgo;Nuevo León;San Luis Potosí;Tamaulipas;Veracruz).
|discussion=<p>Ratibida columnifera is grown as an ornamental and is often included in wild flower plantings. Such activities may extend the geographic range of the species to roadsides and prairie-like habitats.</p><!--
--><p>Some variants of Ratibida columnifera have been treated as varieties or forms. The most prominent of these is forma pulcherrima (de Candolle) Fernald, which is characterized by its showy, purplish yellow to purple rays; it is more frequent in the southwestern part of the range of the species. In the typical form, rays are yellow (E. L. Richards 1968).</p><!--
--><p>Some authors have argued that Ratibida columnaris (Sims) D. Don is the correct name for this species; J. L. Reveal (1968) and E. L. Richards (1968) provided synoptic discussions of the issue.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

--><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Ratibida columnifera
|author=
|authority=(Nuttall) Wooton & Standley
|rank=species
|parent rank=genus
|synonyms=Ratibida columnaris
|basionyms=Rudbeckia columnifera
|family=Asteraceae
|phenology=Flowering Mar–Nov.
|habitat=Prairies
|elevation=10–2200 m
|distribution=Alta.;B.C.;Man.;Ont.;Sask.;Ariz.;Ark.;Colo.;Ill.;Ind.;Iowa;Kans.;La.;Mass.;Minn.;Mo.;Mont.;Nebr.;N.J.;N.Mex.;N.C.;N.Dak.;Okla.;S.Dak.;Tenn.;Tex.;Utah;Wis.;Wyo.;Mexico (Chihuahua;Coahuila;Hidalgo;Nuevo León;San Luis Potosí;Tamaulipas;Veracruz).
|reference=None
|publication title=Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb.
|publication year=1915
|special status=
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/9216fc802291cd3df363fd52122300479582ede7/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V19-20-21/V21_135.xml
|tribe=Asteraceae tribe Heliantheae
|subtribe=Asteraceae (tribe Heliantheae) subtribe Rudbeckiinae
|genus=Ratibida
|species=Ratibida columnifera
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Ratibida]]