View source for Picris

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Picris
|accepted_authority=Linnaeus
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Sp. Pl.
|place=2: 792. 1753
|year=1753
}}{{Treatment/Publication
|title=Gen. Pl. ed.
|place=5, 347. 1754
|year=1754
}}
|common_names=Oxtongue
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Asteraceae;Asteraceae tribe Cichorieae;Picris
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Asteraceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>tribe</small>[[Asteraceae tribe Cichorieae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Picris]]</div></div>
|etymology=Greek picris, bitter or sharp; allusion unclear
|volume=Volume 19
|mention_page=page 219
|treatment_page=page 302
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Annuals,</b> biennials, or perennials, 10–100+ cm; tap- or fibrous-rooted, sometimes rhizomatous. <b>Stems</b> usually 1, erect, branched distally, hirsute to hispid or setose (hair tips often 2[–4]-hooked). <b>Leaves</b> basal and cauline (mostly cauline at flowering); basal ± petiolate, distal sessile; blades oblong, ovate, or lanceolate to oblanceolate or linear, margins entire or sinuate-dentate to pinnately lobed (faces hirsute to hispid or setose, hair tips 2[–4]-hooked). <b>Heads</b> usually in ± corymbiform arrays. <b>Peduncles</b> not inflated distally, sometimes bracteate. <b>Calyculi</b> of 8–13+, lanceolate to lance-linear bractlets (sometimes ± intergrading with phyllaries). <b>Involucres</b> campanulate to urceolate, 6–12+ mm diam. (sometimes larger in fruit). <b>Phyllaries</b> (8–)13+ in 1–2 series (reflexed in fruit), lanceolate to lance-linear (± flat or navicular proximally, sometimes each ± enfolding its subtended floret), equal, margins often scarious, apices acute. <b>Receptacles</b> flat to convex, ± pitted, glabrous, epaleate. <b>Florets</b> 30–100+; corollas yellow, often reddish abaxially. <b>Cypselae</b> homomorphic [heteromorphic], reddish brown [dark brown], bodies ± fusiform [compressed-ellipsoid], not beaked [beaks ± developed], ribs 5–10, faces transversely rugulose, glabrous; pappi falling, of 30–45+, whitish to stramineous, subequal, barbellulate to plumose bristles [scales] in 2–3+ series (basally connate, falling together). <b>x</b> = 5.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=Europe;Asia;n Africa;also introduced in tropical Africa;Australia.
|discussion=<p>Species ca. 40 (2 in the flora).</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

--><div class="treatment-key">
==Key==
<div class="treatment-key-group">
  
{| class="wikitable fna-keytable"
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Annuals; phyllaries navicular proximally, each enfolding its subtended floret; cypselae 2.5– 3 mm
|[[Picris rhagadioloides|Picris rhagadioloides]]
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Biennials or perennials; phyllaries ± flat proximally, not each enfolding its subtended floret; cypselae 3–4(–6) mm
|[[Picris hieracioides|Picris hieracioides]]
|}
</div></div><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Picris
|author=John L. Strother
|authority=Linnaeus
|rank=genus
|parent rank=tribe
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Asteraceae
|illustrator=Marjorie C. Leggitt
|distribution=Europe;Asia;n Africa;also introduced in tropical Africa;Australia.
|introduced=true
|reference=None
|publication title=Sp. Pl.;Gen. Pl. ed.
|publication year=1753;1754
|special status=
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/9216fc802291cd3df363fd52122300479582ede7/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V19-20-21/V19_444.xml
|tribe=Asteraceae tribe Cichorieae
|genus=Picris
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Asteraceae tribe Cichorieae]]