View source for Persicaria lapathifolia

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Persicaria lapathifolia
|accepted_authority=(Linnaeus) Gray
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl.
|place=2: 270. 1822
|year=1822
}}
|common_names=Pale smartweed;renouée à feuilles de patience
|special_status={{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=W
|label=Weedy
}}{{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=F
|label=Illustrated
}}
|basionyms={{Treatment/ID/Basionym
|name=Polygonum lapathifolium
|authority=Linnaeus
|rank=species
|publication_title=Sp. Pl.
|publication_place=1: 360. 1753
}}
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Polygonum incarnatum
|authority=Elliott
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Polygonum lapathifolium var. ovatum
|authority=A. Braun
|rank=variety
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Polygonum lapathifolium var. salicifolium
|authority=Sibthorp
|rank=variety
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Polygonum linicola
|authority=Linnaeus
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Polygonum nodosum
|authority=Moench
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Polygonum pensylvanicum var. oneillii
|authority=(Brenckle) Hultén
|rank=variety
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Polygonum scabrum
|authority=
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Polygonum tomentosum
|authority=
|rank=species
}}
|hierarchy=Polygonaceae;Polygonaceae subfam. Polygonoideae;Persicaria;Persicaria sect. Persicaria;Persicaria lapathifolia
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Polygonaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subfamily</small>[[Polygonaceae subfam. Polygonoideae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Persicaria]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>section</small>[[Persicaria sect. Persicaria]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Persicaria lapathifolia]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 5
|mention_page=page 582, 583
|treatment_page=page 589
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Plants </b>annual, (0.5–)1–10 dm; roots also sometimes arising from proximal nodes; rhizomes and stolons absent. <b>Stems</b> ascending to erect, simple or branched, scarcely ribbed, glabrous or, rarely, appressed-pubescent distally, sometimes glandular-punctate or stipitate-glandular distally. <b>Leaves</b>: ocrea brownish, cylindric, 4–24(–35) mm, chartaceous, base inflated, margins truncate, eciliate or ciliate with bristles to 1 mm, surface glabrous, rarely strigose, eglandular; petiole 0.1–1.6 cm, usually strigose, sometimes glabrous; blade sometimes with dark triangular or lunate blotch adaxially, narrowly to broadly lanceolate, 4–12(–22) × (0.3–)0.5–4(–6) cm, base tapering to cuneate, margins antrorsely scabrous, apex acuminate, faces strigose on main veins, glabrous or tomentose abaxially, glandular-punctate abaxially. <b>Inflorescences</b> mostly terminal, sometimes also axillary, mostly arching or nodding, usually uninterrupted, 30–80 × 5–12 mm; peduncle 2–25 mm, often stipitate-glandular; ocreolae usually overlapping, margins eciliate or ciliate with bristles to 0.4 mm. <b>Pedicels</b> ascending, 0.5–2.3 mm. <b>Flowers</b> 4–14 per ocreate fascicle, homostylous; perianth greenish white to pink, glabrous, not glandular-punctate or glandular-punctate with punctae mostly on tubes and inner tepals, scarcely accrescent; tepals 4(–5), connate ca. 1/4–1/3 their length, obovate to elliptic, 2.5–3 mm, veins prominent, those of 2 or 3 outer tepals prominently bifurcate distally, anchor-shaped, margins entire, apex obtuse to rounded; stamens 5–6, included; anthers pink or red, elliptic; styles 2(–3), connate at bases. <b>Achenes</b> included or apex exserted, brown to black, discoid or, rarely, 3-gonous, 1.5–3.2 × 1.6–3 mm, shiny or dull, smooth. <b>2n</b> = 22.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|phenology=Flowering (Apr-)Jul–Nov.
|habitat=Moist places, roadsides, floodplains, waste places, cultivated fields
|elevation=0-1500(-1800) m
|distribution=Greenland;St. Pierre and Miquelon;Alta.;B.C.;Man.;N.B.;Nfld. and Labr.;N.W.T.;N.S.;Ont.;P.E.I.;Que.;Sask.;Yukon;Ala.;Alaska;Ariz.;Ark.;Calif.;Colo.;Conn.;Del.;D.C.;Fla.;Ga.;Idaho;Ill.;Ind.;Iowa;Kans.;Ky.;La.;Maine;Md.;Mass.;Mich.;Minn.;Miss.;Mo.;Mont.;Nebr.;Nev.;N.H.;N.J.;N.Mex.;N.Y.;N.C.;N.Dak.;Ohio;Okla.;Oreg.;Pa.;R.I.;S.C.;S.Dak.;Tenn.;Tex.;Utah;Vt.;Va.;Wash.;W.Va.;Wis.;Wyo.;Mexico;South America;Europe;Asia;Africa;Pacific Islands (New Zealand).
|discussion=<p><i>Persicaria lapathifolia</i> is a morphologically variable complex with more than two-dozen infraspecific taxa described in the New World and Old World. An allozyme study by L. L. Consaul et al. (1991) did not support recognition of elements often referred to <i>Polygonum</i> lapathifolium var. salicifolium or P. scabrum, which are synonymized here. Yang J. and Wang J. W. (1991) reached a similar conclusion regarding var. salicifolium and P. nodosum based on their morphometric analysis.</p><!--
--><p>The Keres, Navajo, and Potawatomi prepared medicinal infusions with <i>Persicaria lapathifolia</i>, and the Zuni used decoctions made from the plants as cathartic and emetic drugs (D. E. Moerman 1998).</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

--><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Persicaria lapathifolia
|authority=(Linnaeus) Gray
|rank=species
|parent rank=section
|synonyms=Polygonum incarnatum;Polygonum lapathifolium var. ovatum;Polygonum lapathifolium var. salicifolium;Polygonum linicola;Polygonum nodosum;Polygonum pensylvanicum var. oneillii;Polygonum scabrum;Polygonum tomentosum
|basionyms=Polygonum lapathifolium
|family=Polygonaceae
|phenology=Flowering (Apr-)Jul–Nov.
|habitat=Moist places, roadsides, floodplains, waste places, cultivated fields
|elevation=0-1500(-1800) m
|distribution=Greenland;St. Pierre and Miquelon;Alta.;B.C.;Man.;N.B.;Nfld. and Labr.;N.W.T.;N.S.;Ont.;P.E.I.;Que.;Sask.;Yukon;Ala.;Alaska;Ariz.;Ark.;Calif.;Colo.;Conn.;Del.;D.C.;Fla.;Ga.;Idaho;Ill.;Ind.;Iowa;Kans.;Ky.;La.;Maine;Md.;Mass.;Mich.;Minn.;Miss.;Mo.;Mont.;Nebr.;Nev.;N.H.;N.J.;N.Mex.;N.Y.;N.C.;N.Dak.;Ohio;Okla.;Oreg.;Pa.;R.I.;S.C.;S.Dak.;Tenn.;Tex.;Utah;Vt.;Va.;Wash.;W.Va.;Wis.;Wyo.;Mexico;South America;Europe;Asia;Africa;Pacific Islands (New Zealand).
|reference=None
|publication title=Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl.
|publication year=1822
|special status=Weedy;Illustrated
|source xml=https://bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation/src/2e0870ddd59836b60bcf96646a41e87ea5a5943a/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V5/V5_1202.xml
|subfamily=Polygonaceae subfam. Polygonoideae
|genus=Persicaria
|section=Persicaria sect. Persicaria
|species=Persicaria lapathifolia
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Persicaria sect. Persicaria]]