View source for Dichanthelium commutatum

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Dichanthelium commutatum
|accepted_authority=(Schult.) Gould
|publications=
|common_names=Variable panicgrass
|basionyms=
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Panicum commutatum
|authority=
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Panicum divergens
|authority=
|rank=species
}}
|hierarchy=Poaceae;Poaceae subfam. Panicoideae;Poaceae tribe Paniceae;Dichanthelium;Dichanthelium sect. Macrocarpa;Dichanthelium commutatum
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Poaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subfamily</small>[[Poaceae subfam. Panicoideae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>tribe</small>[[Poaceae tribe Paniceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Dichanthelium]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>section</small>[[Dichanthelium sect. Macrocarpa]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Dichanthelium commutatum]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 25
|mention_page=
|treatment_page=page 414
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Plants </b>cespitose, with caudices or with rhizomes up to 2 mm thick. <b>Basal</b> rosettes well-differentiated; blades 1-14 cm long, to 22 mm wide, ovate to lanceolate. <b>Culms</b> 20-75 cm, erect or decumbent to sprawling, often purplish; nodes and internodes glabrous or puberulent to pubescent; fall phase initially nearly erect, often sprawling eventually, branches initially erect and apparently dichotomous, later rebranching, blades and secondary panicles smaller than those of the culms. <b>Cauline</b> leaves 4-6; sheaths not overlapping, often glaucous, purplish, or olivaceous, glabrous or puberulent, margins usually ciliate; ligules about 0.3 mm, membranous, ciliate, cilia longer than the membranous portion, rarely with adjacent, about 12 mm hairs; blades 5-16 cm long, 5-25 mm wide, linear to ovate-lanceolate, glabrous or puberulent, with 9-13 major veins and 30-80 minor veins, bases cordate-clasping, often asymmetrical, with papillose-based marginal cilia. <b>Panicles</b> 5-12 cm long, 3-10 cm wide, open, exserted; branches flexuous. <b>Spikelets</b> 2.2-3.2 mm long, 1.1-1.3 mm wide, ellipsoid, yellowish-green or purplish, pubescent. <b>Lower</b> glumes 0.7-1.8 mm; upper glumes and lower lemmas equaling or slightly shorter than the spikelets; lower florets sterile; upper florets often minutely umbonate. <b>2n</b> = 18.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=Del.;W.Va.;Fla.;Conn.;D.C.;N.J.;Mass.;R.I.;La.;Tenn.;N.C.;S.C.;Pa.;N.Y.;Va.;Ala.;Ark.;Ill.;Ga.;Ind.;Maine;Md.;Tex.;Ohio;Mo.;Mich.;Okla.;Miss.;Ky.
|discussion=<p><i>Dichanthelium commutatum</i> is fairly common in dry to wet, semi-open woodlands. Its range extends from the eastern United States to South America. The primary panicles are open-pollinated and are produced from April through June; the secondary panicles are primarily cleistogamous and are produced from June through fall. The four subspecies are fairly distinct in some parts of their ranges, but <i></i>subsp.<i> commutatum</i> intergrades with the other three where they occur together.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

--><div class="treatment-key">
==Key==
<div class="treatment-key-group">
  
{| class="wikitable fna-keytable"
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Culms densely crisp-puberulent; spikelets 2.2-2.7 mm long; cauline blades usually 5-8 cm long, 5-10 mm wide, thick, the bases symmetrical; rosette blades usually less than 3 cm long and to 6 mm wide
|[[Dichanthelium commutatum subsp. ashei|Dichanthelium commutatum subsp. ashei]]
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Culms usually glabrous or sparsely pubescent; spikelets 2.6-3.2 mm long; cauline blades usually more than 8 cm long and 10 mm wide, thin, bases sometimes asymmetrical; rosette blades large, some more than 4 cm long and 10 mm wide.
|[[#key-0-2| > 2]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Cauline blades nearly linear, 5-14 mm wide, about 10 times as long as wide; spikelets 3-3.2 mm long; lower glumes about 1/2 as long as the spikelets
|[[Dichanthelium commutatum subsp. equilaterale|Dichanthelium commutatum subsp. equilaterale]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Cauline blades ovate-lanceolate, 6-25 mm wide, about 4-8 times as long as wide; spikelets 2.6-3.2 mm long; lower glumes about 1/4 as long as the spikelets.
|[[#key-0-3| > 3]]
|-id=key-0-3
|3
|Culms decumbent or sprawling, with loose caudices or rhizomes; blades strongly asymmetric-falcate, often; spikelets 2.9-3.2 mm long; lower lemmas pointed
|[[Dichanthelium commutatum subsp. joorii|Dichanthelium commutatum subsp. joorii]]
|-id=key-0-3
|3
|Culms more or less erect, with caudices; blades almost symmetrical, green, sometimes glaucous; spikelets 2.6-2.9 mm long; lower lemmas rounded
|[[Dichanthelium commutatum subsp. commutatum|Dichanthelium commutatum subsp. commutatum]]
|}
</div></div><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Dichanthelium commutatum
|authority=(Schult.) Gould
|rank=species
|parent rank=section
|synonyms=Panicum commutatum;Panicum divergens
|basionyms=
|family=Poaceae
|illustrator=Linda A. Vorobik;Hana Pazdírková
|illustration copyright=Utah State University
|distribution=Del.;W.Va.;Fla.;Conn.;D.C.;N.J.;Mass.;R.I.;La.;Tenn.;N.C.;S.C.;Pa.;N.Y.;Va.;Ala.;Ark.;Ill.;Ga.;Ind.;Maine;Md.;Tex.;Ohio;Mo.;Mich.;Okla.;Miss.;Ky.
|reference=None
|publication title=
|publication year=
|special status=
|source xml=https://bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation/src/2e0870ddd59836b60bcf96646a41e87ea5a5943a/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V25/V25_1138.xml
|subfamily=Poaceae subfam. Panicoideae
|tribe=Poaceae tribe Paniceae
|genus=Dichanthelium
|section=Dichanthelium sect. Macrocarpa
|species=Dichanthelium commutatum
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Dichanthelium sect. Macrocarpa]]