View source for Echinochloa crus-galli

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Echinochloa crus-galli
|accepted_authority=(L.) P. Beauv
|publications=
|common_names=Barnyard grass;Echinochloa pied-de-coq
|special_status={{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=I
|label=Introduced
}}
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Poaceae;Poaceae subfam. Panicoideae;Poaceae tribe Paniceae;Echinochloa;Echinochloa crus-galli
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Poaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subfamily</small>[[Poaceae subfam. Panicoideae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>tribe</small>[[Poaceae tribe Paniceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Echinochloa]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Echinochloa crus-galli]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 25
|mention_page=
|treatment_page=page 400
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Plants </b>annual. <b>Culms</b> 30-200 cm, spreading, decumbent or stiffly erect; nodes usually glabrous or the lower nodes puberulent. <b>Sheaths</b> glabrous; ligules absent, ligule region sometimes pubescent; blades to 65 cm long, 5-30 mm wide, usually glabrous, occasionally sparsely hirsute. <b>Panicles</b> 5-25 cm, with few-many papillose-based hairs at or below the nodes of the primary axes, hairs sometimes longer than the spikelets; primary branches 1.5-10 cm, erect to spreading, longer branches with short, inconspicuous secondary branches, axes scabrous, sometimes also sparsely hispid, hairs to 5 mm, papillose-based. <b>Spikelets</b> 2.5-4 mm long, 1.1-2.3 mm wide, disarticulating at maturity. <b>Upper</b> glumes about as long as the spikelets; lower florets sterile; lower lemmas unawned to awned, sometimes varying within a branch, awns to 50 mm; lower paleas subequal to the lemmas; upper lemmas broadly ovate to elliptical, coriaceous portion rounded distally, passing abruptly into an early-withering, acuminate, membranous tip that is further demarcated from the coriaceous portion by a line of minute hairs (use 25x magnification); anthers 0.5-1 mm. <b>Caryopses</b> 1.3-2.2 mm long, 1-1.8 mm wide, ovoid or oblong, brownish; embryos 59-86% as long as the caryopses. <b>2n</b> = 54.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|discussion=<p><i>Echinochloa crus-galli</i> is a Eurasian species that is now widely established in the Flora region, where it grows in moist, disturbed sites, including rice fields. Some North American taxonomists have interpreted <i>E. crus-galli</i> much more widely; others treat it as here, but recognize several infraspecific taxa based on such characters as trichome length and abundance, and awn length. There are several ecological and physiological ecotypes within the species, but the correlation between these and the species' morphological variation has not been established, so no infraspecific taxa are recognized here.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

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-->{{#Taxon:
name=Echinochloa crus-galli
|authority=(L.) P. Beauv
|rank=species
|parent rank=genus
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Poaceae
|illustrator=Linda A. Vorobik;Hana Pazdírková
|illustration copyright=Utah State University
|reference=None
|publication title=
|publication year=
|special status=Introduced
|source xml=https://bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation/src/2e0870ddd59836b60bcf96646a41e87ea5a5943a/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V25/V25_1120.xml
|subfamily=Poaceae subfam. Panicoideae
|tribe=Poaceae tribe Paniceae
|genus=Echinochloa
|species=Echinochloa crus-galli
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Echinochloa]]