View source for Rubus pensilvanicus

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Rubus pensilvanicus
|accepted_authority=Poiret in J. Lamarck et al.
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=in J. Lamarck et al., Encycl.
|place=6: 246. 1804
|year=1804
}}
|common_names=Pennsylvania blackberry;ronce de Pennsylvanie
|special_status={{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=E
|label=Endemic
}}
|basionyms=
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Rubus abactus
|authority=L. H. Bailey
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=R. ablatus
|authority=L. H. Bailey
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=R. abundiflorus
|authority=L. H. Bailey
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=R. amnicola
|authority=Blanchard
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=R. andrewsianus
|authority=Blanchard
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=R. argutus
|authority=Link
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=R. arvensis
|authority=L. H. Bailey
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=R. associus
|authority=Hanes ex L. H. Bailey
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=R. barbarus
|authority=L. H. Bailey
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=R. bellobatus
|authority=L. H. Bailey
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=R. betulifolius
|authority=Small
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=R. blakei
|authority=L. H. Bailey
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=R. bractealis
|authority=L. H. Bailey
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=R. brainerdii
|authority=Rydberg
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=R. burnhamii
|authority=L. H. Bailey
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=R. bushii
|authority=L. H. Bailey
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=R. cardianus
|authority=L. H. Bailey
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=R. condensiflorus
|authority=L. H. Bailey
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=R. congruus
|authority=L. H. Bailey
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=R. cupressorum
|authority=Fernald
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=R. defectionis
|authority=Fernald
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=R. densipubens
|authority=L. H. Bailey
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=R. densissimus
|authority=H. A. Davis & T. Davis
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=R. facetus
|authority=L. H. Bailey
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=R. fatuus
|authority=L. H. Bailey
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=R. floridus
|authority=Trattinnick
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=R. frondosus
|authority=Bigelow
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=R. gnarus
|authority=L. H. Bailey
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=R. heterophyllus
|authority=Willdenow
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=R. humilior
|authority=L. H. Bailey
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=R. impar
|authority=L. H. Bailey
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=R. independens
|authority=L. H. Bailey
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=R. insons
|authority=L. H. Bailey
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=R. insulanus
|authority=L. H. Bailey
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=R. interioris
|authority=L. H. Bailey
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=R. jennisonii
|authority=L. H. Bailey
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=R. jugosus
|authority=L. H. Bailey
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=R. kelloggii
|authority=L. H. Bailey
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=R. latifoliolus
|authority=L. H. Bailey
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=R. laudatus
|authority=A. Berger
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=R. leggii
|authority=H. A. Davis & T. Davis
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=R. libratus
|authority=L. H. Bailey
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=R. louisianus
|authority=A. Berger
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=R. missouricus
|authority=L. H. Bailey
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=R. mollior
|authority=L. H. Bailey
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=R. multispinus
|authority=Blanchard
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=R. oklahomus
|authority=L. H. Bailey
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=R. originalis
|authority=L. H. Bailey
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=R. paludivagus
|authority=Fernald
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=R. pauper
|authority=L. H. Bailey
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=R. pauxillus
|authority=L. H. Bailey
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=R. penetrans
|authority=L. H. Bailey
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=R. perfoliosus
|authority=L. H. Bailey
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=R. perpauper
|authority=L. H. Bailey
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=R. persistens
|authority=Rydberg
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=R. philadelphicus
|authority=Blanchard
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=R. praepes
|authority=L. H. Bailey
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=R. pratensis
|authority=L. H. Bailey
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=R. prestonensis
|authority=H. A. Davis & T. Davis
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=R. pubifolius
|authority=L. H. Bailey
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=R. recurvans
|authority=Blanchard
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=R. saepescandens
|authority=L. H. Bailey
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=R. sativus
|authority=(L. H. Bailey) Brainerd
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=R. subsolanus
|authority=L. H. Bailey
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=R. subtractus
|authority=L. H. Bailey
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=R. suus
|authority=L. H. Bailey
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=R. tygartensis
|authority=H. A. Davis & T. Davis
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=R. ucetanus
|authority=L. H. Bailey
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=R. virilis
|authority=L. H. Bailey
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=R. vixargutus
|authority=L. H. Bailey
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=R. wahlii
|authority=L. H. Bailey
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=R. wiegandii
|authority=L. H. Bailey
|rank=species
}}
|hierarchy=Rosaceae;Rosaceae subfam. Rosoideae;Rosaceae tribe Rubeae;Rubus;Rubus pensilvanicus
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Rosaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subfamily</small>[[Rosaceae subfam. Rosoideae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>tribe</small>[[Rosaceae tribe Rubeae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Rubus]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Rubus pensilvanicus]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 9
|mention_page=page 34, 35, 38, 39, 41, 49, 53, 56
|treatment_page=page 50
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Shrubs,</b> 10–30 dm, armed. <b>Stems</b> biennial, erect to arching, glabrous or sparsely to densely hairy, eglandular or sparsely to moderately, rarely densely, sessile- to short-stipitate-glandular, not pruinose; prickles sparse to dense, erect or slightly retrorse, stout, 4–10 mm, broad-based. <b>Leaves</b> deciduous, palmately compound, not lustrous; stipules filiform to narrowly lanceolate, (3–)5–15(–20) mm; leaflets (3–)5(–7), terminal ovate to lanceolate, 5–15 × 3–13 cm, base rounded to shallowly cordate, unlobed, margins finely to coarsely singly or doubly serrate, apex acuminate to long-attenuate, abaxial surfaces green, usually with retrorse prickles on midveins, moderately hairy, eglandular or sparsely to moderately sessile- to short-stipitate-glandular along veins. <b>Inflorescences</b> terminal on short shoots, usually appearing axillary, (2–)5–12(–16)-flowered, cymiform, racemiform, or thyrsiform. <b>Pedicels</b> unarmed or prickles sparse, erect, glabrous or sparsely to densely hairy, eglandular or sparsely to moderately sessile- to short-stipitate-glandular. <b>Flowers</b> bisexual; petals white, usually obovate to elliptic, rarely suborbiculate, 8–40 mm; filaments filiform; ovaries glabrous. <b>Fruits</b> black, globose to cylindric, 1–2 cm; drupelets 10–100, strongly coherent, separating with torus attached. <b>2n</b> = 14, 21, 28, 35, 36, 42.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|phenology=Flowering May–Jul.
|habitat=Woodlands, savannas, prairies, fields, meadows, swamps, rock outcrops, sand dunes, sandy soil, disturbed areas, dry to wet soil
|elevation=0–1400 m
|distribution=N.B.;Nfld. and Labr. (Nfld.);N.S.;Ont.;P.E.I.;Que.;Ala.;Ark.;Calif.;Conn.;Del.;D.C.;Fla.;Ga.;Idaho;Ill.;Ind.;Iowa;Kans.;Ky.;La.;Maine;Md.;Mass.;Mich.;Minn.;Miss.;Mo.;Nebr.;N.H.;N.J.;N.Y.;N.C.;Ohio;Okla.;Pa.;R.I.;S.C.;Tenn.;Tex.;Vt.;Va.;Wash.;W.Va.;Wis.;introduced in Pacific Islands (Hawaii).
|discussion=<p>As circumscribed here, <i>Rubus pensilvanicus</i> represents sect. Arguti (L. H. Bailey) L. H. Bailey, in which Bailey (1941–1945) recognized 109 species.</p><!--
--><p>More strongly glandular plants of <i>Rubus pensilvanicus</i> may represent introgression with <i>R. allegheniensis</i> or other species, especially when exhibiting long-stipitate glands. Thyrsiform inflorescences are present in plants that have been called R. missouricus. There are reports (T. S. Mallah 1954; L. V. Clark and M. Jasieniuk 2012; B. Sutherland and L. A. Alice, unpubl.) of <i>R. pensilvanicus</i> hybridizing with <i>R. ursinus</i>.</p><!--
--><p><i>Rubus pensilvanicus</i> is introduced in California, Idaho, and Washington.</p><!--
--><p>The following nothospecies names are based on putative hybrids involving <i>Rubus pensilvanicus</i> and: <i>R. allegheniensis</i> (R. ×avipes L. H. Bailey, R. ×floricomus Blanchard, R. ×orarius Blanchard); <i>R. canadensis</i> (R. ×amabilis Blanchard [not Focke], R. ×amicalis Blanchard, R. ×elegantulus Blanchard [=<i>R. canadensis</i> var. elegantulus (Blanchard) Farwell], R. ×multilicius L. H. Bailey, R. ×noveboracus L. H. Bailey, R. ×pergratus Blanchard [= <i>R. canadensis</i> var. pergratus (Blanchard) L. H. Bailey], R. ×crux Ashe); <i>R. cuneifolius</i> (R. ×acer L. H. Bailey, R. ×acer var. subacer L. H. Bailey, R. ×argutinus L. H. Bailey, R. ×floridensis L. H. Bailey); <i>R. flagellaris</i> (R. ×akermanii Fernald, R. ×darlingtonii L. H. Bailey, R. ×dissitiflorus Fernald, R. ×hypolasius Fernald, R. ×janssonii L. H. Bailey, R. ×largus L. H. Bailey, R. ×recurvicaulis Blanchard, R. rossbergianus Blanchard); <i>R. setosus</i> (R. ×wisconsinensis L. H. Bailey).</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

--><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Rubus pensilvanicus
|authority=Poiret in J. Lamarck et al.
|rank=species
|parent rank=genus
|synonyms=Rubus abactus;R. ablatus;R. abundiflorus;R. amnicola;R. andrewsianus;R. argutus;R. arvensis;R. associus;R. barbarus;R. bellobatus;R. betulifolius;R. blakei;R. bractealis;R. brainerdii;R. burnhamii;R. bushii;R. cardianus;R. condensiflorus;R. congruus;R. cupressorum;R. defectionis;R. densipubens;R. densissimus;R. facetus;R. fatuus;R. floridus;R. frondosus;R. gnarus;R. heterophyllus;R. humilior;R. impar;R. independens;R. insons;R. insulanus;R. interioris;R. jennisonii;R. jugosus;R. kelloggii;R. latifoliolus;R. laudatus;R. leggii;R. libratus;R. louisianus;R. missouricus;R. mollior;R. multispinus;R. oklahomus;R. originalis;R. paludivagus;R. pauper;R. pauxillus;R. penetrans;R. perfoliosus;R. perpauper;R. persistens;R. philadelphicus;R. praepes;R. pratensis;R. prestonensis;R. pubifolius;R. recurvans;R. saepescandens;R. sativus;R. subsolanus;R. subtractus;R. suus;R. tygartensis;R. ucetanus;R. virilis;R. vixargutus;R. wahlii;R. wiegandii
|basionyms=
|family=Rosaceae
|phenology=Flowering May–Jul.
|habitat=Woodlands, savannas, prairies, fields, meadows, swamps, rock outcrops, sand dunes, sandy soil, disturbed areas, dry to wet soil
|elevation=0–1400 m
|distribution=N.B.;Nfld. and Labr. (Nfld.);N.S.;Ont.;P.E.I.;Que.;Ala.;Ark.;Calif.;Conn.;Del.;D.C.;Fla.;Ga.;Idaho;Ill.;Ind.;Iowa;Kans.;Ky.;La.;Maine;Md.;Mass.;Mich.;Minn.;Miss.;Mo.;Nebr.;N.H.;N.J.;N.Y.;N.C.;Ohio;Okla.;Pa.;R.I.;S.C.;Tenn.;Tex.;Vt.;Va.;Wash.;W.Va.;Wis.;introduced in Pacific Islands (Hawaii).
|reference=None
|publication title=in J. Lamarck et al., Encycl.
|publication year=1804
|special status=Endemic
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/bb6b7e3a7de7d3b7888a1ad48c7fd8f5c722d8d6/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V9/V9_69.xml
|subfamily=Rosaceae subfam. Rosoideae
|tribe=Rosaceae tribe Rubeae
|genus=Rubus
|species=Rubus pensilvanicus
}}<!--

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