View source for Arctostaphylos uva-ursi

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Arctostaphylos uva-ursi
|accepted_authority=(Linnaeus) Sprengel
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Syst. Veg.
|place=2: 287. 1825,
}}
|common_names=Bearberry;kinnikinnik;bousserole;raisin d’ours
|special_status={{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=F
|label=Illustrated
}}
|basionyms={{Treatment/ID/Basionym
|name=Arbutus uva-ursi
|authority=Linnaeus
|rank=species
|publication_title=Sp. Pl.
|publication_place=1: 395. 1753
}}
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Arctostaphylos uva-ursi subsp. adenotricha
|authority=(Fernald & J. F. Macbride) Calder & Roy L. Taylor
|rank=subspecies
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Arctostaphylos uva-ursi var. adenotricha
|authority=Fernald & J. F. Macbride
|rank=variety
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Arctostaphylos uva-ursi subsp. coactilis
|authority=(Fernald & J. F. Macbride) Á. Löve, D. Löve & S. L. Kapoor
|rank=subspecies
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Arctostaphylos uva-ursi var. coactilis
|authority=Fernald & J. F. Macbride
|rank=variety
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Arctostaphylos uva-ursi var. leobreweri
|authority=Roof
|rank=variety
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Arctostaphylos uva-ursi subsp. longipilosa
|authority=Packer & Denford
|rank=subspecies
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Arctostaphylos uva-ursi var. marinensis
|authority=Roof
|rank=variety
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Arctostaphylos uva-ursi subsp. monoensis
|authority=Roof
|rank=subspecies
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Arctostaphylos uva-ursi var. pacifica
|authority=Hultén
|rank=variety
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Arctostaphylos uva-ursi subsp. stipitata
|authority=Packer & Denford
|rank=subspecies
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Arctostaphylos uva-ursi var. stipitata
|authority=(Packer & Denford) Dorn
|rank=variety
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Arctostaphylos uva-ursi var. suborbiculata
|authority=W. Knight
|rank=variety
}}
|hierarchy=Ericaceae;Ericaceae subfam. Arbutoideae;Arctostaphylos;Arctostaphylos uva-ursi
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Ericaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subfamily</small>[[Ericaceae subfam. Arbutoideae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Arctostaphylos]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Arctostaphylos uva-ursi]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 8
|mention_page=page 372, 407, 409, 410, 415, 425
|treatment_page=page 414
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Shrubs,</b> prostrate, mat-forming, 0.1–0.5 m; burl sometimes present, sometimes epicormic; twigs usually sparsely short-hairy, sometimes long-hairy or short and/or long glandular-hairy. <b>Leaves</b> separated proximally, overlapping distally, bifacial; petiole 2–4 mm; blade light green abaxially, dark green adaxially, shiny, usually oblanceolate to obovate, sometimes narrowly elliptic, 1–2.5 × 0.5–1.5 cm, base cuneate (not clasping), margins entire, often cupped, surfaces smooth, sparsely puberulent, glabrescent. <b>Inflorescences</b> racemes (simple or 1-branched); immature inflorescence pendent, (congested), axis 0.3–1 cm, 1+ mm diam., usually sparsely short-hairy, sometimes long-hairy or short glandular-hairy; bracts not appressed, scalelike, narrowly deltate, 2–6 mm (larger than buds), apex acuminate, surfaces glabrous. <b>Pedicels</b> 2–4 mm, glabrous. <b>Flowers</b>: corolla white to pink, urceolate; ovary glabrous. <b>Fruits</b> globose, 6–12 mm diam., glabrous. <b>Stones</b> distinct. <b>2n</b> = 26, 52.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|phenology=Flowering winter–early summer.
|habitat=Coastal dunes, open, acidic temperate and boreal forests, high montane on acidic, sandy, or rocky soils
|elevation=0-3100 m
|distribution=Greenland;St. Pierre and Miquelon;Alta.;B.C.;Man.;N.B.;Nfld. and Labr.;N.W.T.;N.S.;Nunavut;Ont.;P.E.I.;Que.;Sask.;Yukon;Alaska;Ariz.;Calif.;Colo.;Conn.;Del.;Idaho;Ill.;Ind.;Iowa;Maine;Mass.;Mich.;Minn.;Mont.;Nev.;N.H.;N.J.;N.Mex.;N.Y.;N.Dak.;Ohio;Oreg.;Pa.;R.I.;S.Dak.;Utah;Vt.;Va.;Wash.;Wis.;Wyo.;Central America (Guatemala);Eurasia.
|discussion=<p><i>Arctostaphylos uva-ursi</i> exhibits great variation in indument associated with the young twigs. Most of this variation has historically been separated into subspecies, except that a recent analysis of the group suggested environmentally-based variation in these characters (T. J. Rosatti 1987b). This is the most widely distributed of all <i>Arctostaphylos</i> species and is the only one found outside of North America. Two ploidy levels are common, and populations sometimes contain both diploids and tetraploids. More work on this widespread species will likely elucidate its variation in morphology and ploidy. Infraspecific taxa may well be recognized once these patterns are further assessed.</p><!--
--><p>A form with striking deep red to purple autumnal corollas (often blooming also in spring with normal-colored corollas) occurs on Cape Cod and Nantucket Island, Massachusetts.</p><!--
--><p>Most populations lack burls and are killed by fire; throughout the range in North America are occasional populations or individuals that have small, sometimes epicormic burls. This has been noted in California, parts of Canada, and New York. With more observations this distribution may become clearer.</p><!--
--><p>A form with somewhat puberulent and larger leaves has been described as <i>Arctostaphylos</i> ×media Greene. It occurs along the northern California coast and in Oregon and Washington. It is assumed to be a hybrid between <i>A. uva-ursi</i> and <i>A. columbiana</i>. Similarly, in the Rocky Mountains in areas with both <i>A. uva-ursi</i> and <i>A. patula</i>, hybrids have been called A. coloradensis Rollins.</p>
|tables=
|references={{Treatment/Reference
|id=rosatti1987a
|text=Rosatti, T. J. 1987b. Field and garden studies of Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (Ericaceae) in North America. Syst. Bot. 12: 61–77.
}}
}}<!--

--><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Arctostaphylos uva-ursi
|authority=(Linnaeus) Sprengel
|rank=species
|parent rank=genus
|synonyms=Arctostaphylos uva-ursi subsp. adenotricha;Arctostaphylos uva-ursi var. adenotricha;Arctostaphylos uva-ursi subsp. coactilis;Arctostaphylos uva-ursi var. coactilis;Arctostaphylos uva-ursi var. leobreweri;Arctostaphylos uva-ursi subsp. longipilosa;Arctostaphylos uva-ursi var. marinensis;Arctostaphylos uva-ursi subsp. monoensis;Arctostaphylos uva-ursi var. pacifica;Arctostaphylos uva-ursi subsp. stipitata;Arctostaphylos uva-ursi var. stipitata;Arctostaphylos uva-ursi var. suborbiculata
|basionyms=Arbutus uva-ursi
|family=Ericaceae
|phenology=Flowering winter–early summer.
|habitat=Coastal dunes, open, acidic temperate and boreal forests, high montane on acidic, sandy, or rocky soils
|elevation=0-3100 m
|distribution=Greenland;St. Pierre and Miquelon;Alta.;B.C.;Man.;N.B.;Nfld. and Labr.;N.W.T.;N.S.;Nunavut;Ont.;P.E.I.;Que.;Sask.;Yukon;Alaska;Ariz.;Calif.;Colo.;Conn.;Del.;Idaho;Ill.;Ind.;Iowa;Maine;Mass.;Mich.;Minn.;Mont.;Nev.;N.H.;N.J.;N.Mex.;N.Y.;N.Dak.;Ohio;Oreg.;Pa.;R.I.;S.Dak.;Utah;Vt.;Va.;Wash.;Wis.;Wyo.;Central America (Guatemala);Eurasia.
|reference=rosatti1987a
|publication title=Syst. Veg.
|publication year=
|special status=Illustrated
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/bb6b7e3a7de7d3b7888a1ad48c7fd8f5c722d8d6/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V8/V8_767.xml
|subfamily=Ericaceae subfam. Arbutoideae
|genus=Arctostaphylos
|species=Arctostaphylos uva-ursi
}}<!--

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